Download Chapter 12 Practice Test 2012

Name: ___________________________
Date: ______________
Chapter 12 Practice Test
Period: ____
The Cardiovascular System: The Heart
1. ____ The “double pump” function of the heart includes the right side, which serves as the
____________ circuit pump, and the left side, which serves as the ____________.
a) Systemic, pulmonary
b) Pulmonary, hepatic portal
c) Hepatic portal, cardiac
d) Pulmonary, systemic
2. ____ Blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart are ___________ and blood
vessels
that carry blood toward the heart are ____________.
a) veins; arteries
b) capillaries; veins
c) veins; capillaries
d) arteries; veins
3. ____ The “circuit” that carries blood to and from the gas exchanges of the lungs is the
__________ circuit.
a) cardiac
b) pulmonary
c) systemic
d) autonomic
4. ____ Which chamber of the heart collects blood from the pulmonary circuit?
a) Left atrium
b) Right atrium
c) Right ventricle
d) Left ventricle
5. ____ Which chamber of the heart collects blood from the systemic circuit?
a) Left atrium
b) Right atrium
c) Right ventricle
d) Left ventricle
6. ____ The major difference between the left and right ventricles relative to their role in the
heart function is that
a) The LV pumps blood through the short, low-resistance pulmonary circuit
b) The RV pumps blood through the low-resistance systemic circulation
c) The LV pumps blood through the high-resistance systemic circulation
d) The RV pumps blood through the short, high-resistance pulmonary circuit
Anatomy and Physiology
Chapter 12 Practice Test 2012-13.docx
a
b
c
d
7. ____ The heart is surrounded by the dense and fibrous…
a) Pericardial cavity
b) Coronary sulcus
c) Intercostals space
d) Mediastinum of the thorax
8. ____ The function of the chordae tendineae is to
a) Anchor the semilunar valve flaps and prevent backward flow of blood into the ventricles
b) Anchor the AV valve flaps and prevent backflow of blood into the atria
c) Anchor the bicuspid valve flaps and prevent backflow of blood into the ventricles
d) Anchor the aortic valve flaps and prevent backflow into the ventricles
9. ____ The portion of the pericardial membranes that lies on the surface of the heart is the
a) Visceral pericardium
b) Visceral endocardium
c) Parietal pericardium
d) Parietal myocardium
10. ____ The visceral pericardium is the same as the
a) mediastinum
b) epicardium
c) parietal pericardium
d) myocardium
11. ____ The functions of the pericardium include which of the following?
a) Returning blood to the atria
b) Pumping blood into circulation
c) Removing excess fluid from the heart chambers
d) Anchoring the heart to surrounding structures
12. ____ The outer surface of the heart is covered by the
a) Epicardium
b) Endocardium
c) Myocardium
d) Papillary muscles
13. ____ When viewing the external surface of the heart, the left and right atria are called
___________, which are “flap-like” structures.
a) sinuses
b) sulci
c) auricles
d) trunks
14. ____ The layer of the heart wall that contains cardiac muscle tissue, blood vessels, and
nerves is the
a) endocardium
b) epicardium
c) myocardium
d) chordae tendineae
a
b
c
d
15. ____ The heart’s inner surface, including the heart valves, is covered by the
a) chordae tendineae
b) endocardium
c) papillary muscles
d) visceral pericardium
16. ____ The principal kind of tissue making up the endocardium and epicardium is
a) Muscle tissue
b) Serous membrane
c) Epithelial tissue
d) Nervous tissue
17. ____ Identify the correct order of the layers of the heart, beginning with the outermost
layer.
a) Epicardium  myocardium  endocardium
b) Myocardium  endocardium  epicardium
c) Endocardium  myocardium  epicardium
d) Epicardium  endocardium  myocardium
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f
g
h
18. ____ Cardiac muscle tissue contracts using ONLY…
a) aerobic metabolism
b) glycolysis
c) anaerobic metabolism
d) respiration
i)
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l)
19. ____ One feature of cardiac muscle that makes it different from skeletal muscle is…
a) it made up of branching cells
b) that it contains intercalated discs
c) contracts up to 10 times longer
d) All of the above statements are true
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20. ____ Blood returning from the systemic circuit first enters the
a) Right atrium
b) Right ventricle
c) Left atrium
d) Left ventricle
21. ____ Blood returning from the lungs enters the
a) Right atrium
b) Right ventricle
c) Left atrium
d) Left ventricle
22. ____ The right ventricle pumps blood to the
a) Left ventricle
b) Lungs
c) Left atrium
d) Systemic circuit
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23. ____ The left ventricle pumps blood to the
a) Lungs
b) Left atrium
c) Right ventricle
d) Systemic circuit
24. ____ The right atrium receives blood from the
a) Pulmonary veins
b) Aorta
c) Inferior vena cava
d) Pulmonary trunk
25. ____ The folds of fibrous tissue that ensure a one-way flow of blood from the atria into the
ventricles are the
a) Aortic semilunar valves
b) Pulmonary semilunar valves
c) Interatrial valves
d) Atrioventricular (AV) valves
26. ____ The atrioventricular valve located on the right side of the heart is the
a) Tricuspid vlave
b) Mitral valve
c) Bicuspid valve
d) Aortic semilunar valve
27. ____ Blood leaving the right ventricle enters the
a) Aorta
b) Pulmonary artery
c) Pulmonary veins
d) Inferior vena cava
28. ____ The pulmonary semilunar valve guards the entrance to the
a) Aorta
b) Pulmonary veins
c) Pulmonary trunk
d) Left ventricle
29. ____ The bicuspid or mitral valve is located
a) In the opening of the aorta
b) In the opening of the pulmonary trunk
c) Where the vena cava join the right atrium
d) Between the left atrium and the left ventricle
30. ____ The entrance of the ascending aorta is guarded by
a) An atrioventricular valve
b) The bicuspid valve
c) A semilunar valve
d) The tricuspid valve
31. ____ The function of the atrium is
a) To collect blood
b) To pump blood to the lungs
c) To pump blood into the systemic circuit
d) To pump blood to the heart muscle tissue
32. ____ One of the key structural differences between the left and right ventricles is that
the…
a) wall of the right ventricle is thicker than the wall in the left ventricle
b) left ventricle is pouch-shaped and smaller
c) right ventricle moves blood out into the systemic circuit
d) wall of the left ventricle is thicker than the wall in the right ventricle
33. ____ A key functional difference between the AV valves and the semilunar valves is that…
a) AV valves have no muscular control and semilunar valves are controlled by muscles.
b) AV valves have muscular control and semilunar do not.
c) AV valves prevent blood from flowing backwards and semilunar valves do not.
d) Semilunar valves prevent blood from flowing backwards and AV valves do not.
34. ____ The left and right pulmonary arteries carry blood to the
a) Heart
b) Intestine
c) Lungs
d) brain
35. ____ The left and right pulmonary veins carry blood to the
a) Heart
b) Intestines
c) Lungs
d) liver
36. ____ Blood that is delivered directly to the heart after leaving the aorta are the
__________ arteries and veins.
a) pulmonary
b) cardiac
c) coronary
d) systemic
37. ____ The correct sequential path of a normal potential in the heart is
a) SA node AV bundle  AV node  Purkinje fibers
b) AV node  SA node  AV bundle  Purkinje fibers
c) SA node  AV node  AV bundle  bundle branches  Purkinje fibers
d) SA node  AV node  bundle branches  AV bundle  Purkinje fibers
38. ____ Contractile cells within the heart…
a) control and coordinate heartbeats
b) produce contractions that propel blood through the heart
c) cause the atria and ventricles to contract in rhythm
d) cause sodium and potassium ions to pass through the sarcoplasm of muscle cells
39. ____ Specialized noncontractile muscle cells of the conducting system are necessary to
a) Initiate rapid depolarization at threshold
b) Produce the repolarization that restores the resting potential
c) Control and coordinate the activities of the contractile cells
d) Produce tetany and summation
40. ____ The cardiac “pacemaker cells” of the heart are located in the
a) AV bundle
b) SA node
c) AV node
d) Purkinje fibers
41. ____ The following are the components of the conducting system of the heart: (1) Purkinje
cells (2) AV bundle (3) AV node (4) SA node (5) bundle branches. The sequence in
which an action potential would move through this system is…
a) 1, 4, 3, 2, 5
b) 4, 2, 3, 5, 1
c) 3, 2, 4, 5, 1
d) 4, 3, 2, 5, 1
42. ____ In the heart’s conducting system, nodal cells and conducting cells do not…
a) Contract
b) Initiate and distribute electrical impulses
c) Establish the rate of cardiac contraction
d) Distribute the stimulus to the general myocardium
43. ____ Ventricular contraction occurs when the impulse travels through the
a) AV node
b) SA node
c) AV bundle
d) Purkinje fibers
44. ____ The “lubb-dupp” sounds of the heart have practical clinical value because they provide
information concerning the
a) Strength of ventricular contraction
b) Strength of the pulse
c) Efficiency of the heart valves
d) Relative time the heart spends in systole and diastole
45. ____ When a chamber of the heart fills with blood and prepares for the start of the next
cardiac cycle, the heart is in
a) Systole
b) Ventricular ejection
c) Diastole
d) Isovolumetric contraction
46. ____ Systole and diastole refer to
a) Contraction and relaxation of the heart
b) Relaxation and contraction of the heart
c) Atrial and ventricular contraction
d) Ventricular and atrial contraction
47. ____ Which part of the cardiovascular system supplies blood to the cardiac tissue of the
heart?
a) Pulmonary
b) Systemic
c) Sympathetic
d) Coronary
48. ____ What part of the nervous system is responsible for controlling heart rhythm and
function?
a) Peripheral nervous system
b) Central nervous system
c) Autonomic nervous system
d) Somatic nervous system
49. ____ What are the effects on the heart when the parasympathetic division of the autonomic
nervous system releases norepinepherine?
a) Decreases force of contractions
b) Increases heart rate
c) Increases force of heart contractions
d) Both b and c
50. ____ What are the effects on the heart when the sympathetic division of the autonomic
nervous system releases epinephrine (adrenaline)?
a) Decreases force of contractions
b) Increases heart rate
c) Increases force of heart contractions
d) Both b and c
51. ____ Which of the following explains why blood only flows in one direction through the
heart?
a) One way valves prevent backflow
b) The atria contract before the ventricles
c) Blood always flows from a high pressure region to a low pressure region
d) All of the above are correct
52. Label the structures in the following drawing. Use the following terms to complete the
exercise.
Capillaries in lungs
Right atrium
Left atrium
Right ventricle
Left ventricle
Aortic arch
Inferior vena cava
Pulmonary arteries
Systemic arteries
Pulmonary veins
Systemic veins
Capillaries in lower limbs
B
R
R
B