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7-3 Sexual and Asexual Reproduction Unit 7 – Reproduction and Heredity Warm Up (on a blank half sheet) 1. What happens to a cell that will be part of sexual reproduction? 2. How do cells divide during mitosis? What is asexual reproduction? A. Asexual Reproduction – one organism (the parent) produces one or more new organisms (offspring) that are identical to itself. How do organisms reproduce asexually? 1) Binary Fission – the parent splits into two new cells exactly like the parent. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DY9DNWcqxI4 How do organisms reproduce asexually? 2) Budding – a tiny bud forms on the parent’s body and it eventually grows into a full sized organism that is identical to its parent. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=489CSop00sY How do organisms reproduce asexually? 3) Spores – specialized cells that can survive harsh conditions. Example: Fungi How do organisms reproduce asexually? 4) Vegetative reproduction – new plants grow from the stems, roots, or leaves of the parent plant. a) Runners – above ground stems from which new plants grow. How do organisms reproduce asexually? b) Tubers – underground stems from which a new plant can grow. Example - potatoes How do organisms reproduce asexually? b) Plantlets – tiny plants that grow along the edges of a plant’s leaves. They drop off the plant and grow on their own. Odd Reproduction 1) Fragmentation – each segment of the body becomes a new organism if it breaks off of the body. Example: tapeworms and planaria Odd Reproduction 1) Regeneration – growing back a part of an organism. Example – Starfish regrows an arm What is sexual reproduction? B. Sexual Reproduction – two parents each contribute a sex cell to the new organism. What are the advantages of each type of reproduction? C. Advantages of Asexual Reproduction 1. 2. Reproduces quickly Offspring are identical to the parent. This ensures that any favorable traits the parent has are passed on to offspring. What are the advantages of each type of reproduction? 3. 4. A parent organism does not need a partner to reproduce. All offspring can reproduce. What are the advantages of each type of reproduction? D. Advantages of Sexual Reproduction 1. 2. Increases genetic variation Offspring are not genetically identical to the parents. So, they may have a trait that the parents do not have, making them more likely to survive. Wrap Up – Four Corners • Each corner of the room is labeled: binary fission, budding, spore formation, or vegetative reproduction. • I will read a scenario. • You will walk to the corner that names the type of asexual reproduction that is described. Homework • 7-3 Lesson Review, page 477