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Name: ______________________________________ Date: _______________ Chapter 7: The Rock Cycle Science Study Guide Vocabulary: Write each word that defines that identifies the meaning. streak hardness igneous rock deposition sedimentary metamorphic erosion rock cycle rock rock ______________1. Rock that forms when small grains of rock are pressed together and become cemented. ______________ 2. The process by which wind and water remove and carry small pieces of weathered rock from one place to another. ______________ 3. Rock that forms when melted rock cools and hardens. ______________4. The continuous process by which one rock type changes into another. ______________5. A mineral’s ability to resist being scratched ______________ 6. Rock changed by high heat and great pressure. ______________ 7. The color of the powder left behind when you rub a mineral against a white tile. ______________ 8. The process by which sediment settles out of water and wind. Science Concepts Answer each statement/question. 9. This list should show items that are found naturally in soil. Which item should be removed from the list? deposited sediment; melted rock; weathered rock; decayed animal matter __________________________________________________________ 10. Ruthie describes a mineral as being waxy. What property of the mineral is she describing? _________________________________________________ 11. What changes a sedimentary rock into a metamorphic rock? __________________________________________________________ 12. What are the building blocks of all rocks? __________________________________________________________ 13. You have been given a rock that is a conglomerate. Where did your rock most likely form? _______________________________________ 14. Which of these would not be used to classify igneous rocks? __________________________________________________________ 15. You can use a copper penny with a hardness of 3 or glass with a hardness of 6 to test a mineral’s hardness. Which of these minerals could be scratched by glass but not by a penny? (The hardness of each mineral is given in parentheses.) a. diamond (10) b. fluorite (4) c. gypsum (2) d. topaz (8) 16. Which process will change a sedimentary rock into another sedimentary rock? ___________________________________________ Open Ended QUESTIONS Please take the time to construct a thorough paragraph answering all parts of the question. Inquiry Skills Use the following classification table to answer Questions 17-18. Mineral Color Color of Streak Hardness Talc light green white 1 Fluorite light purple white 4 Feldspar white, salmon pink white 5 Quartz clear, milky white, none 7 rose, smoky gray 17. A mineral sample has a white steak and is so soft that it can be scratched by your fingernail. Identify the mineral. Tell how you know. 18. A mineral is white and cannot be scratched by the mineral orthoclase (hardness of 6.) Identify the mineral. Tell how you know. Critical Thinking 19. You find a rock near a volcano. It has small mineral crystals. What type of rock is it? Where was the rock formed? Explain. 20. Tyrone like to go rock hunting. On a recent trip, he found the rock shown below. Part A: Identify Tyrone’s rock. Tell how and where it formed. Part B: When Tyrone’s rock broke off from its rock bed, it had sharp corners. How did Tyrone’s rock change? What chased the change?