Download How does the animal remove nitrogenous waste from it`s body fluids?

By Joseph Park, Eric Wiskocil, Ryan Sanchez, Jeff
Janssen
Phylum
Porifera
How does the animal remove
nitrogenous waste from its
body fluids? What structures
evolve to make this process
more efficient?
Porifera diffuse waste by a
single outer layer of cells
that separates the inner
cellular region from the
external environment.
Wastes diffuse from cells
into water as water flows
through the body.
http://www.middleschoolscience.com/spong.jpg
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Porifera_body_structures_01.png/439pxPorifera_body_structures_01.png
Phylum
Cnidaria
How does the animal
remove nitrogenous waste
from its body fluids? What
structures evolve to make
this process more efficient?
Cnidarians remove
nitrogenous waste through
its mouth.
Their bodies are saclike,
with only two cell layers
the outer skin or ectoderm
and inner lining to the gut,
endoderm.
http://www.aloha.com/~lifeguards/jellie75.jpg
http://biology.unm.edu/ccouncil/Biology_203/Images/SimpleAnimals/cn
idariaDiagram.jpeg
Phylum
Platyhelminthes
How does the animal
remove nitrogenous waste
from its body fluids? What
structures evolve to make
this process more efficient?
Platyhelminthes excrete
waste through flame cells.
They have a congregation of
sensory organs and nervous
tissues at one end of their
body giving them a distinct
head and tail.
Excrete digestive waste
products through their
mouth.
 Animals remove the
Phylum Annelida
How does the animal
remove nitrogenous waste
from its body fluids? What
structures evolve to make
this process more efficient?
nitrogenous waste from
producing urine in nephridia,
filter through nephrostomes,
ejected through excretory
pores.
 The development of nephridia
and pores help Annelids
excrete waste
 Step up from platyhelminthyes
Some characteristics they are
bilateral, two or more cell layers,
tissues and organs, true coelom,
through gut and mouth and anus.
http://image.tutorvista.com/content/excretion-and-osmoregulation/earthwormcross-section.jpeg
http://www.kidport.com/RefLib/Science/animals/Images/Worms.JPG
Phylum
Molluska
How does the animal
remove nitrogenous waste
from its body fluids? What
structures evolve to make
this process more efficient?
 Animal removes the nitrogenous
waste from producing urine in
nephridia, filter through
nephrostomes, ejected through
excretory pores.
 Development of ctendidial gills,
and two kidneys
 Step up from Annelids
http://www.scienceclarified.com/images/uesc_07_img0379.jpg
Some characteristics that Mollusks
have are that they have bilateral, two or
more cell layers, tissues and organs,
no cavity, gas exchange organs called
(ctendidial) gills, through gut and with
mouth and anus.
http://www.infovisual.info/02/008_en.html
Phylum
Echinodermata
How does the animal
remove nitrogenous waste
from it’s body fluids? What
structures evolve to make
this process more efficient?
Echinoderms have a exoskeleton, an unique water
vascular system that includes tube feet with
suction cups, coelomate and deutersomes.
Same complexity as mollusks
The digestive wastes are
released through the anus,
and the nitrogenous wastes
are excreted as ammonia
through the tube feet. The
development of tube feet
helps echinoderms excrete
wastes.
http://www.edc.uri.edu/restoration/html/ga
llery/images/inverts/aforbesi.jpg
Phylum
Arthropoda
How does the animal
remove nitrogenous waste
from its body fluids? What
structures evolve to make
this process more efficient?
 Arthropods remove nitrogenous
waste through the malphigian
tubules, diffusion into water
development of malphigian tubes.
 The development of malphigian
tubes helps the Arthropods help
excrete the water
 Step up from echinodermata
Some key characteristics they have
are that they have segmented bodies,
jointed appendages, exoskeleton, and
they bilateral symmetry.
http://library.thinkquest.org/03oct/01564/images/crabs.jpg
(Crab)
http://robinhoodmarinecenter.com/action_news/uploads/lobste
r1.jpg (Lobster)
Phylum
Chondrichthyes
How does the animal
remove nitrogenous waste
from it’s body fluids? What
structures evolve to make
this process more efficient?
Chondrichthyes remove
nitrogenous wastes as
ammonia as a fluid through
the tail. The development if
pores in the tail help
chondrichthyes remove
wastes.
Step UP from arthropods
This phylum has developed cells, tissues, organs and
gills.
http://wse113466.ta35.talkactive.net//pictures/arter/28/big/vithajklausjost.jpg
http://dj003.k12.sd.us/SCHOOL%20NOTES/chapter_12.htm
Phylum
Osteichthyes
How does the animal
remove nitrogenous waste
from it’s body fluids? What
structures evolve to make
this process more efficient?
Kidneys and gills are essential characteristics
The wastes are stored in
blood, until the kidneys filter
them out and are excreted.
The development of kidneys
help the animal’s excretion.
Same complexity as
chondrichthyes
http://www.curator.org/legacyvmnh/webofl
ife/kingdom/p_chordata/ClassOsteichthyes
/ClassOsteichthyes/spiny_boxfish.htm
Phylum
Amphibia
How does the animal
remove nitrogenous waste
from its body fluids? What
structures evolve to make
this process more efficient?
Amphibians have evolved
kidneys and are able to filter
their blood and excrete their
wastes in urine. Ammonia is
filtered out and converted
into uric acid.
http://visual.merriamwebster.com/images/animalkingdom/amphibians/examplesamphibians_2.jpg
Phylum
Reptilia
How does the animal
remove nitrogenous waste
from its body fluids? What
Structures evolve to make
this process more efficient?
Reptiles have kidneys that
filter wastes from the blood
and the wastes are excreted
in urine. The ammonia is
changed into uric acid and
excreted through the urine.
 Same complexity as amphibia
Phylum
Aves
How does the animal remove
nitrogenous waste from its
body fluids? What structures
evolve to make this process
more efficient?
Aves has kidneys that filter
the blood and remove
nitrogenous wastes and
digestive wastes. The
ammonia is converted into
uric acid which is excreted in
cloaca, a white, sticky
substance.
http://www.ucmp.berkeley.
edu/diapsids/birds/snowyo
wl.gif
A step up from Reptilia
Conclusion
The excretion of animals have developed over time
creating, specialized cells, organs and organ systems,
such as kidneys, excretion pores, gut, lungs and gills.
Major changes occur between porifera and cnidaria with
the development of cell layers and gut. Later organs
are found starting from platyhelminthes.
Stair-Step Diagram of the Excretory
System
Chondrichthyes
Amphibia
Reptilia
Mollusks
Porifera
Osteichthyes
Platyhelminthes
Arthropods
Echinodermata
Cnidaria
Annelids
Aves
Bibliography
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