Download Cell Cycle and DNA Replication Test Review

Cell Cycle and DNA Replication Test Review
DNA Structure
1.What are the monomers of DNA?
Draw and label one. Nucleotide
2. Who is Chargaff and what does
Chargaff’s rule say? Chargaff studied
DNA and discovered the base pair rule
A-T and C-G
3. What is the shape of DNA and who is
credited with discovering this shape?
Double Helix. Watson & Crick
4. What is they function of DNA?
Heredity and carries the code for
making proteins. Carries the blueprint
for the whole organism
5. What type of bond holds the
Nitrogen Bases or “rungs” of the DNA
ladder together?
Hydrogen
6. Label the DNA strand
DNA Replication
1. What are the 4 nitrogen bases in
DNA and how do they pair up?
Adenine, Cytosine, Guanine, Thymine
A-T & C-G
2. Put the steps of DNA Replication in
order B, C, A, D
a. Bonding of bases
b. Separation of strands
c. Base pairing
d. Replication
3. What do we have at the end of
replication? Two strands of DNA that
are each semi-conservative (half old and
half new)
4. Why is DNA replication necessary for
cell division?
When the cell divides we will have two
cells. We need DNA in each of those
cells so DNA must be replicated before
cell division
5. What are chromosomes made of?
Coiled up DNA
6. Where is DNA located in Eukaryotic
organisms?
Nucleus
7. What determines the traits of
organisms specifically?
Genes found on Chromosomes
8. Which phase of the cell cycle does
DNA replication occur in? S Phase
Cell Cycle
1. Draw and label the sequence of the
cell cycle and describe what it is.
and opposite ends are pushed apart
7.There is a phase called G0. What
happens in G0?
2. What is the purpose of mitosis (in
other words, how does it help the
organism)? Helps the organism grow and
develop and Repair of damaged tissue
3. What is the relationship between a
parent cell and a daughter cell?
A parent cell turns into two daughter
cells. Parent is at the beginning of the
cell cycle and two daughters at the end
of Mitosis. Daughters Cells are identical
to parents
4.Describe what happens in each phase
of mitosis and match each picture to a
phase.
Prophase: (B) Chromotin condenses into
chromosomoes. Nuclear membrane
dissinigrates. Centrioles move to
opposite ends of the cell
Metaphase: (C) Chromosomes line up in
the middle of the cell. Spindle fibers
attach to centromeres.
Anaphase: (A) Spindle fibers shorten
pulling sister chromatids to opposite
ends of the cell.
Telophase: (D) Two new nuclear
membranes form around each set of
chromatids. Cell begins to stretch out
8. Why do Cancer cells develop?
Cells do not respond to cell cycle
regulators (checkpoints) and the cell
grows unregulated causing a tumor
9. What are the two main phases of the
cell cycle (cell lifecycle and division)?
Interphase & Mitosis
10. If we looked at a large sample of
animal cells, the greatest number of cells
would be in which phase and why?
Interphase. 90% of the time the cell is
in interphase
11. What are sister chromatids?
A pair of identical chromosomes
attached by a centromere