Download testes = production of sperm and of testosterone scrotum = helps to

testes
urethra
penis
=
=
=
production of sperm and of
testosterone
scrotum = helps to regulate the
temperature of testicles, which
need to be kept cooler than
body temperature to produce
sperm
sperm
= to transport the sperm to the
ducts
urethra during ejaculation
prostate = Controls release of urine from
gland
the bladder and secretes a fluid
which is a major constituent of
semen.
The duct by which urine and sperm is conveyed out of the body
to remove waste fluids from the body (i.e. urine); to insert sperm into the female
body during sexual reproduction.
ovaries
vagina
=
=
To release egg cells and
to produce hormones
oviduct
= Transmits the egg from
the ovary to the uterus
uterus
= To nourish the
developing foetus prior
to birth.
cervix
= To allow flow of
menstrual blood from
the uterus into the
vagina, and direct the
sperms into the uterus
during intercourse.
The vagina is the female sex organ. It receives the male penis during
sexual intercourse, provides the passageway for menstrual blood
during menstruation, and serves as the birth canal for foetal offspring.
COMPARE MALE AND FEMALE GAMETES IN TERMS OF SIZE, NUMBERS AND MOBILITY
The egg is a lot bigger than the sperm.
The testes produce millions of sperm, whereas the ovaries release 1 egg per month.
The sperm move all the way through the cervix and into oviducts, whereas the egg doesn’t
move by itself but is moved by follicles (tiny hairs).
MENSTRUAL CYCLE
At the beginning of the menstrual cycle,
one of the ovaries begins to produce an
ovum (an egg). At the same time,
increasing oestrogen levels prompt the
lining of the uterus to thicken. If the
ovum becomes fertilised, it will fasten
itself to the lining. This nutrient-rich
lining will support the developing
embryo. If the egg is not fertilised,
however, the uterus lining will be
released (= menstruation)
Fertilisation is what happens when a
female's ovum joins together with a
male's sperm and they form a zygote.
Fertilisation is also called conception.
The amniotic sac is a membrane inside
which the foetus develops after
conception (until labour). It contains amniotic fluid. This is a pale yellow fluid that:
- serves to cushion the unborn baby from jolts and bumps
- provides a stable temperature and assists in maintaining a consistent body temperature
for the unborn child
- allows the baby to move freely and exercise growing muscles in order to develop a
symmetrical musculoskeletal system
- helps parts of the baby’s body develop; the baby breathes amniotic fluid in order to
strengthen his lungs, swallows the fluid to develop the gastrointestinal tract, and
urinates in the fluid which helps to develop the kidneys.
The placenta is an organ that develops during pregnancy that transports nutrients to
the foetus and waste away from the foetus. The placenta is attached to the uterus and is
connected to the foetus by the umbilical cord. The umbilical cord connects the placenta to the
developing baby. It removes waste products and carbon dioxide from the baby and brings
oxygenated blood and nutrients from the mother through the placenta to the baby.