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Islam
Indiana World History Standards
SS.WH.3.7
Asia: Describe the life of Muhammad, fundamental teachings of Islam, and connections of Islam to Judaism and
Christianity.
SS.WH.3.8
Asia: Trace the extent and consequences of Islam's spread in Asia, the Mediterranean region and southern Europe.
SS.WH.3.9
Asia: Explain how the community of Muslims became divided into Sunnis and Shiites and the long-term consequences of
this division.
SS.WH.3.10
Asia: Describe and explain the rise and expansion of the Mongol empire and its consequences for Eurasian peoples,
including the achievements of the great Khan in the context of Mongol society and his impact on history.
Today’s Objectives
- To understand the beginnings & fundamental beliefs of Islam
- To understand the rapid spread of Islam
- To understand the importance of the Ottoman Empire
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• I.S.L.A.M
I – Islam’s holy book = Quran
S – Starts in the Middle East (Saudi Arabia)
…Holy cities: Mecca (home of Muhammad), Medina (where Islam
began), Jerusalem (where Muhammad left for heaven)
L – Laws = All Muslims must follow the Five Pillars of Islam
A – Allah = Islamic name for God (followers of Islam are Muslims)
M – Muhammad is the founder of Islam in 622 AD
…viewed as a prophet, spoke with the angel Gabriel
5 Pillars
• Spread of Islam
→ Islam will spread rapidly through the Middle East & Africa
…Muslim warriors inspired by the concept of jihad
…forced non-Muslims to pay a special tax if they didn’t convert
→ Islam is now the 2nd most practiced religion in the world, and its beliefs
dominate government and daily life in many areas of the world
→ After the Death of Muhammad, the Islamic community divided over who
should be his successor
Spread of Islam
…the 2 factions are the Sunni & Shiites
• Ottoman Empire
Crash Course: “Islam”
→ Muslim culture of mostly Turkish tribes that expanded, built large empire
after the defeat of the Byzantines in 1453 AD
…moved their capital to Constantinople
→ Expanded the influence of Islam, but was tolerant of other religions
→ Fought with Central Powers in World War I; empire was
dissolved after losing, modern nation of Turkey founded
Essential Question
Why do Muslims believe Muhammad is the prophet & what
happens to Islam after his death?
Target Questions
• What is the sacred text for all Muslims?
• How did Muslims treat non-Muslims in conquered areas?
• What was the capital of the Ottoman Empire after 1453
AD?
Required Reading Question(s)
1) Identify the 5 Pillars of Islam