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Canada: EDUCATION SUPPLY ACTIVITY No. 48060 ”Play ground-Sized ” 30 Northland Road, Wa terloo, On tario, N2V 1Y1 © 2006 USA: 3251 Abbeville Hwy. Anderson, SC 29624 Solar System Model Gain an appreciation of the size of our Solar System and learn abou t the planets with a huge, “dress-up” model! Para instrucciones en español, visite por favor nuestro sitio web: www.roylco.com/es_48060.pdf Für die deutsche Anleitung besuchen Sie bitte unsere Website: www.roylco.com/de_48060.pdf Teaching about the Solar System is a challenge for teachers because the distances between the Sun and planets are almost impossible to image. Even the sizes of the planets, from tiny Pluto to gigantic Jupiter, are difficult to appreciate. We’ve created this playground-sized model to help teachers explain a number of Solar System concepts. First, children will learn that planets orbit the Sun. Second, children will learn the order of the planets relative to the Sun. Third, children will learn the distances between the Sun and planets. Fourth, children will learn the sizes and basic characteristics of the planets. Finally, children will have fun learning about the Solar System because they get to wear the beautiful, bright vests and go outside! Use the Solar System model to enrich your astronomical curriculum. The idea is simple: Measure out the cord according to a specific ratio (it’s easy to do). Children put on the planet vests and take one end of the corresponding cord. The child wearing the Sun vest holds the other ends of all the cords. The students wearing the planet vests walk out to the end of the length of their cords and the model is complete. We’ve included several integrated activities. In the classroom, children can work alone or in groups to create their own models of the Solar System with the “scaled-to-size” reproducible artwork. In this kit you have a “planetary meter stick”. We have printed all of the planets along with a number representing their distance from the Sun in millions of kilometers. Use the meter stick to measure out the cord. Here are the maximum lengths of the cord: Mercury: 0.75 m Saturn: 18.10 m Venus: 1.40 m Uranus: 37.70 m Earth: 1.90 m Neptune: 57.15 m Mars: 2.90 m Pluto: 75.00 m Jupiter: 9.90 m Note: You can use these measurements or reduce them proportionately to fit your playground or gymnasium. The length of the cord represents the radius of the planet’s mean orbit (some of planets have extremely elliptical orbits so we’ve used the middle point between the planet’s closest and furthest distance from the Sun). For instance, if you measure out 75 meters for Pluto’s cord, the child will stand 75 meters away from the Sun, and his or her orbit, when walking around the Sun, will be 150 meters. Take this into consideration when measuring out the cord lengths. If you playground is only a hundred meters wide, then make Pluto’s cord length 50 meters and subtract one third from each of the other distances. Likewise, if you want to make a super huge model, supplement our cord with cord purchased at the hardware store. Tip: When measuring out the cord, thread a long pencil Made in Canada through the spool and hold the ends while pulling out the cord. To prevent fraying, singe the ends of the cord with a flame. A Note on the Vests: Each vest is printed on the front and back with an image of the planet or Sun. For the planets, on the back of the vest is an index of all of the planets with an arrow indicating the planet’s position in the Solar System. On the front of the vest is an image of the planet and an image of the Earth so students can get a sense of the size of the planet. We’ve put an image of the Sun relative to the planet to give students a sense of the Sun’s size from the surface of the planet. The Solar System model is a great way to work cooperatively with older students. For instance, you can give older students the planetary meter stick and ask them to calculate the lengths of the cord by using the numbers printed on the meter stick and the length of the playground as variables. Once the cords have been measured and cut to length, thread on the small planet tag to one end of the cord. This will be the end that the student wearing the Sun vest will hold. The tag will come in handy when organizing students. The vests are printed on tear-proof paper and then laminated. To prevent tearing at the slit, reinforce it with a small piece of clear tape on the front and back of the vest. If the vests are too tight to fit over the head, use scissors to cut the slit longer and then reinforce with tape. Learn a little more about the Solar System. For thousands of years people have been looking up at the night-time sky and wondering about the moving objects they saw. Even in ancient times, people realized that planets were different from stars. They were different colors, and traveled differently across the sky. The ancient Greeks and Romans named the five visible planets after their gods. The remaining four planets (for the sake of our information, we are including Pluto as a planet) were discovered much later and the tradition continued of naming these planets after Roman gods. The four planets closest to the Sun are called terrestrial planets because the have solid, rocky surfaces. The next four planets beyond Mars are called gas giants. Pluto, on the outer edge of the Solar System, is covered in ice. Some of the planets have moons or rings. In fact, there are 153 known natural satellites (moons). Not all moons are the same. Some are irregular, small or huge. Saturn’s moon, Titan, has a thick atmosphere. Jupiter’s moon, Io, has active volcanoes. Before 1977, only Saturn was known to have rings. Because of probes sent out by NASA, we now know that Jupiter, Uranus and Neptune have rings. i de a s Our Solar System extends beyond Pluto — e at gr and is defined by the Sun’s heliosphere which is the “bubble” of solar winds and charged particles blowing outwards from the Sun. The radius of the heliosphere is about 13 billion kilometers (8.7 billion miles). Fo r more Pour instructions en langue française, veuillez visitez notre site web: www.roylco.com/fr_48060.pdf www.roylco.com Printed in Canada