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Volcano Unit Pre Assessment
Name __________________________
Matching
Match the type of volcano to the correct picture by drawing a line to connect the two.
Composite Volcano
Shield Volcano
Cinder Cone Volcano
Multiple Choice
Select the best answer and write the letter on the line.
1. ______ Where are most volcanoes found?
a. On mountains
b. Europe
c. Along plate boundaries
d. South America
2. ______ A major volcanic belt formed by many volcanoes that rim the Pacific Ocean is called
a. The Ring of Fire
b. The Volcanic Belt
c. Explosivo
d. Rim of Volcanoes
1
3. ______ A volcano that is erupting, or has erupted recently is classified as
a. Active
b. Dormant
c. Extinct
d. Awake
4. ______ A volcano that hasn’t erupted in recent history, but could erupt is classified as
a. Active
b. Extinct
c. Dormant
d. Sleeping
5. ______ A volcano that will never erupt again is considered a
a. Dormant
b. Extinct
c. Active
d. Dead
6. ______ An area where material from deep within the mantle rises and then melts, forming
magma is called a
a.
b.
c.
d.
Magma pool
Hot Spring
Chamber
Hot Spot
7. ______ When groundwater is heated in hot rock near shallow magma bodies a ______ can
form
a.
b.
c.
d.
Batholith
Dike
Geyser
Volcano
8. ______ When magma heats underground water, the result may be a
a.
b.
c.
d.
lava flow
hot spring
hot spot
bath
2
9. ______ The tendency of a fluid to resist flowing is called
a.
b.
c.
d.
Static
Resistance
Friction
Viscosity
10. ______ The major ingredient in Magma is
a. silica
b. basalt
c. Carbon Dioxide
d. granite
11. ______ As a volcano erupts, what force pushes magma out of a volcano onto the surface?
a. Flowing water
b. The Jedi Force
c. Dynamite
d. The force of expanding gases
True or False.
Circle whether the state is true or false.
12. True or False. A volcano is a weak spot in the Earth’s crust where molten material comes to
the surface
13. True or False. Yellowstone National Park marks a hot spot under the North American plate.
14. True or False. How fast lava flows depends on the properties of the magma from which it
formed including its silica content and temperature.
15. True or False. Dormant volcanoes can become active at any time.
3
Label
Label the parts of the volcano listed below on the diagram.
Magma Chamber
Vent
Crater
4
Volcano Unit Pre Assessment - Modified
Name __________________________
Matching
Match the type of volcano to the correct picture by drawing a line to connect the two.
Composite Volcano
Shield Volcano
Cinder Cone Volcano
Multiple Choice
Select the best answer and write the letter on the line.
1. ______ Where are most volcanoes found?
a. On mountains
b. Europe
c. Along plate boundaries
2. ______ A major volcanic belt formed by many volcanoes that rim the Pacific Ocean is called
a. The Ring of Fire
b. The Volcanic Belt
c. Explosivo
5
3. ______ A volcano that is erupting, or has erupted recently is classified as
a. Active
b. Dormant
c. Extinct
4. ______ A volcano that hasn’t erupted in recent history, but could erupt is classified as
a. Active
b. Extinct
c. Dormant
5. ______ A volcano that will never erupt again is considered a
a. Dormant
b. Extinct
c. Active
6. ______ An area where material from deep within the mantle rises and then melts, forming
magma is called a
a. Hot Spring
b. Chamber
c. Hot Spot
7. ______ When groundwater is heated in hot rock near shallow magma bodies a ______ can
form
a. Batholith
b. Dike
c. Geyser
8. ______ When magma heats underground water, the result may be a
a. lava flow
b. hot spring
c. hot spot
9. ______ The tendency of a fluid to resist flowing is called
a. Resistance
b. Friction
c. Viscosity
6
10. ______ The major ingredient in Magma is
a. silica
b. basalt
c. Carbon Dioxide
11. ______ As a volcano erupts, what force pushes magma out of a volcano onto the surface?
a. Flowing water
b. The Jedi Force
c. The force of expanding gases
True or False.
Circle whether the state is true or false.
12. True or False. A volcano is a weak spot in the Earth’s crust where molten material comes to
the surface
13. True or False. Yellowstone National Park marks a hot spot under the North American plate.
Label
Label the parts of the volcano listed below on the diagram.
Magma Chamber
Vent
Crater
7
Volcano Unit Post Assessment
Name __________________________
Matching
Match the type of volcano to the correct picture by drawing a line to connect the two.
Composite Volcano
Shield Volcano
Cinder Cone Volcano
Multiple Choice
Select the best answer and write the letter on the line.
1. ______ Where are most volcanoes found?
a. On mountains
b. Europe
c. Along plate boundaries
d. South America
2. ______ A major volcanic belt formed by many volcanoes that rim the Pacific Ocean is called
a. The Ring of Fire
b. The Volcanic Belt
c. Explosivo
d. Rim of Volcanoes
8
3. ______ A volcano that is erupting, or has erupted recently is classified as
a. Active
b. Dormant
c. Extinct
d. Awake
4. ______ A volcano that hasn’t erupted in recent history, but could erupt is classified as
a. Active
b. Extinct
c. Dormant
d. Sleeping
5. ______ A volcano that will never erupt again is considered a
a. Dormant
b. Extinct
c. Active
d. Dead
6. ______ An area where material from deep within the mantle rises and then melts, forming
magma is called a
d.
e.
f.
g.
Magma pool
Hot Spring
Chamber
Hot Spot
7. ______ When groundwater is heated in hot rock near shallow magma bodies a ______ can
form
a.
b.
c.
d.
Batholith
Dike
Geyser
Volcano
8. ______ When magma heats underground water, the result may be a
a.
b.
c.
d.
lava flow
hot spring
hot spot
bath
9
9. ______ The tendency of a fluid to resist flowing is called
a.
b.
c.
d.
Static
Resistance
Friction
Viscosity
10. ______ The major ingredient in Magma is
a. silica
b. basalt
c. Carbon Dioxide
d. granite
11. ______ As a volcano erupts, what force pushes magma out of a volcano onto the surface?
a. Flowing water
b. The Jedi Force
c. Dynamite
d. The force of expanding gases
12. ______ What are two main factors that affect the viscosity of magma?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Altitude and season
Location and Temperature
Temperature and Silica content
Viscosity of all magma is the same
13. _______ As temperature of magma increases, its viscosity
a.
b.
c.
d.
Increases
Decreases
Stays the same
Hardens
14. _______ The collapse of a volcano’s magma chamber may produce a
a.
b.
c.
d.
crater
island arc
still
caldera
15. _______ Volcanic ash is
a.
b.
c.
d.
smoke and fire
small pieces of cooled lava
burned substance
dirt
10
True or False.
Circle whether the state is true or false.
16. True or False. A volcano is a weak spot in the Earth’s crust where molten material comes to
the surface
17. True or False. Yellowstone National Park marks a hot spot under the North American plate.
18. True or False. How fast lava flows depends on the properties of the magma from which it
formed including its silica content and temperature.
19. True or False. Dormant volcanoes can become active at any time.
Short Answer
Please answer in complete sentences.
What is more likely to be more hazardous — a volcano that erupts frequently, or a volcano that
has been inactive for hundreds of years? Why?
11
Label
Label the parts of the volcano listed below on the diagram.
Magma Chamber
Vent
Crater
12
Volcano Unit Post Assessment - Modified
Name __________________________
Matching
Match the type of volcano to the correct picture by drawing a line to connect the two.
Composite Volcano
Shield Volcano
Cinder Cone Volcano
Multiple Choice
Select the best answer and write the letter on the line.
1. ______ Where are most volcanoes found?
a. On mountains
b. Europe
c. Along plate boundaries
2. ______ A major volcanic belt formed by many volcanoes that rim the Pacific Ocean is called
a. The Ring of Fire
b. The Volcanic Belt
c. Explosivo
13
3. ______ A volcano that is erupting, or has erupted recently is classified as
a. Active
b. Dormant
c. Extinct
4. ______ A volcano that hasn’t erupted in recent history, but could erupt is classified as
a. Active
b. Extinct
c. Dormant
5. ______ A volcano that will never erupt again is considered a
a. Dormant
b. Extinct
c. Active
6. ______ An area where material from deep within the mantle rises and then melts, forming
magma is called a
a. Hot Spring
b. Chamber
c. Hot Spot
7. ______ When groundwater is heated in hot rock near shallow magma bodies a ______ can
form
a. Batholith
b. Dike
c. Geyser
8. ______ When magma heats underground water, the result may be a
a. lava flow
b. hot spring
c. hot spot
9. ______ The tendency of a fluid to resist flowing is called
a. Resistance
b. Friction
c. Viscosity
14
10. ______ The major ingredient in Magma is
a. silica
b. basalt
c. Carbon Dioxide
11. ______ As a volcano erupts, what force pushes magma out of a volcano onto the surface?
a. Flowing water
b. The Jedi Force
c. The force of expanding gases
12. ______ What are two main factors that affect the viscosity of magma?
a. Altitude and season
b. Location and Temperature
c. Temperature and Silica content
13. _______ As temperature of magma increases, its viscosity
a. Increases
b. Decreases
c. Stays the same
14. _______ The collapse of a volcano’s magma chamber may produce a
a. crater
b. island arc
c. caldera
15. _______ Volcanic ash is
a. smoke and fire
b. small pieces of cooled lava
c. burned substance
True or False.
Circle whether the state is true or false.
16. True or False. A volcano is a weak spot in the Earth’s crust where molten material comes to
the surface
17. True or False. Yellowstone National Park marks a hot spot under the North American plate.
15
Label
Label the parts of the volcano listed below on the diagram.
Magma Chamber
Vent
Crater
Bonus
You may draw pictures with your answer to help you with an explanation if you wish.
What is more likely to be more hazardous — a volcano that erupts frequently, or a volcano that
has been inactive for hundreds of years? Why?
16
Lesson 1 Assessment
A volcano discovery Web Quest
Name: _________________
Instructions: Follow each link provided (find the links in your google classroom), and answer
the questions accommodating each link in complete sentences. All answers are found using
these links. Be sure to click on every link provided within the simulation, and read carefully!
Link 1: Introduction to Volcanism
http://pbs.panda-prod.cdn.s3.amazonaws.com/media/assets/wgbh/ess05/ess05_int_volcanintro/
index.htm
1. Draw and label a diagram of a volcano. Provide a short description for each part.
17
2. The _____________ that forms from layers of ___________ and __________ is called a
_________________.
3. Volcanoes are classified as active, dormant, or extinct. Describe what those classifications
mean.
4. There are 4 main types of volcanoes. How are they classified?
5. What are the two primary types of volcanoes? What are the two secondary types? Why are
they secondary?
6. List one fact about each type of volcano. Draw the basic shape of each type.
18
7. What are the three places that volcanoes commonly occur?
8. How many hot spots have been identified around the world?
9. What is Hawaii?
10. What kind of volcanoes are associated with hot spots? What other features are associated
with hot spots?
11. ______________________________ are places where tectonic plates are moving away
from one another.
12. What is much of the oceanic crust made of?
13. _________________ is the word used to describe melted or molten rock inside Earth.
14. What is magma made of?
19
15. What determines the eruption style, rock type, and volcano shape?
16. List the three types of magma and what type of volcano each type comes out of.
17. _________________ rocks are formed when molten rock cools and hardens.
18. What are the two classes of igneous rocks? Where are they found? (Below or on top of
Earth’s surface?)
Link 2: Volcanic Eruptions and Hazards
http://pbs.panda-prod.cdn.s3.amazonaws.com/media/assets/wgbh/ess05/
ess05_int_volcanerupt/02_Effusive.htm
19. ___________________ eruptions are generally considered to be gentler than explosive
eruptions.
What types of hazards can result from this type of eruption? List 3.
20
20. ____________________ eruptions are the most hazardous, involving large volumes of
tephra and gases emitted from the volcano.
What types of hazards can result from this type of eruption? List 3.
Extra Credit (Extension for advanced students)
Follow this link to a third simulation: Volcanic Features.
http://pbs.panda-prod.cdn.s3.amazonaws.com/media/assets/wgbh/ess05/
ess05_int_volcanfeatr/03_Caldera.htm
21. How do we know that Yellowstone is actually a volcano? Provide details.
22. What is Devils Tower?
21
Lesson 2 Assessment
Viscosity Lab Investigation
Name: __________________________
What you need:
* 4 small plastic cups
Fill 1 cup ½ full of Nacho cheese
Fill 1 cup ½ full of vegetable oil
* 1 straw per person, cut in half
* 1 lab tray
* 1 ruler
* 1 timer: phone or stopwatch
Part 1 Instructions:
* Each person will grab ½ of a straw.
* One person at a time, place the straw into the cup of oil.
* Blow bubbles like you would do with a soda.
* Observe how hard you have to blow, and the force and size of the bubbles once the air gets
through.
* Do the same with the Nacho Cheese using your other 1/2 of the straw.
Record your observations below. All group members will do this.
a. Blowing in the oil:
b. Blowing in the nacho cheese:
22
Part 2 Instructions:
* One team member will be the pourer, while another is the timer.
* The pourer will first grab the cup with vegetable oil. Holding the ruler vertically (either person
can hold the ruler), the pourer will hold the cup approximately 12 inches above an empty
cup.
* The timer will begin the timing as soon and the pourer begins to pour the oil into one of the
empty cups.
* The timer will stop the stopwatch as soon as the cup of oil is empty. Record this time in the
table below.
* Repeat steps 3-5 with the nacho cheese and the other empty cup.
* Get some chips and eat your cheese if you want!
Liquid
Time in Seconds
Oil
Nacho Cheese
Answer the questions below.
1. Describe your flow-test results. Why did you get the results you did?
2. Is the viscosity of the oil higher or lower than the nacho cheese? How do you know?
3. One way to decrease the viscosity of a liquid is to __________ (heat/cool) the fluid?
4. What factors affect the viscosity of a substance?
23
5. What would happen to the viscosity of the oil and the nacho cheese if you heated it up? What
if you cooled it down?
6. Can magma have different viscosities? What influences the viscosity of magma? (conduct
research if you need to)
7. If magma in a volcano has a high viscosity, would the eruption be quiet or explosive? Why?
(Think of how the fluids reacted to you blowing air into them)
8. Could viscosity affect how often a volcano erupts? Why?
9. What are some dangers of a volcanic eruption with high viscosity magma?
10. What are some dangers of a volcanic eruption with low viscosity magma?
Bonus: Do you prefer mashed potatoes with low or high viscosity? Explain.
24
Answer Key (Answers in Green)
Volcano Unit Pre Assessment
Name __________________________
Matching
Match the type of volcano to the correct picture by drawing a line to connect the two.
Composite Volcano: Middle
Shield Volcano: Bottom
Cinder Cone Volcano: Top
Multiple Choice
Select the best answer and write the letter on the line.
1. ______ Where are most volcanoes found?
a. On mountains
b. Europe
c. Along plate boundaries
d. South America
2. ______ A major volcanic belt formed by many volcanoes that rim the Pacific Ocean is called
a. The Ring of Fire
b. The Volcanic Belt
c. Explosivo
25
d. Rim of Volcanoes
3. ______ A volcano that is erupting, or has erupted recently is classified as
a. Active
b. Dormant
c. Extinct
d. Awake
4. ______ A volcano that hasn’t erupted in recent history, but could erupt is classified as
a. Active
b. Extinct
c. Dormant
d. Sleeping
5. ______ A volcano that will never erupt again is considered a
a. Dormant
b. Extinct
c. Active
d. Dead
6. ______ An area where material from deep within the mantle rises and then melts, forming
magma is called a
d.
e.
f.
g.
Magma pool
Hot Spring
Chamber
Hot Spot
7. ______ When groundwater is heated in hot rock near shallow magma bodies a ______ can
form
a.
b.
c.
d.
Batholith
Dike
Geyser
Volcano
8. ______ When magma heats underground water, the result may be a
a. lava flow
b. hot spring
c. hot spot
26
d. bath
9. ______ The tendency of a fluid to resist flowing is called
a.
b.
c.
d.
Static
Resistance
Friction
Viscosity
10. ______ The major ingredient in Magma is
a. silica
b. basalt
c. Carbon Dioxide
d. granite
11. ______ As a volcano erupts, what force pushes magma out of a volcano onto the surface?
a. Flowing water
b. The Jedi Force
c. Dynamite
d. The force of expanding gases
True or False.
Circle whether the state is true or false.
12. True or False. A volcano is a weak spot in the Earth’s crust where molten material comes to
the surface
13. True or False. Yellowstone National Park marks a hot spot under the North American plate.
14. True or False. How fast lava flows depends on the properties of the magma from which it
formed including its silica content and temperature.
15. True or False. Dormant volcanoes can become active at any time.
27
Label
Label the parts of the volcano listed below on the diagram.
Magma Chamber
Vent
Crater
Crater
Vent
Magma Chamber
28
Volcano Unit Post Assessment: Answer Key
Name __________________________
Matching
Match the type of volcano to the correct picture by drawing a line to connect the two.
Composite Volcano: Middle
Shield Volcano: Bottom
Cinder Cone Volcano: Top
Multiple Choice
Select the best answer and write the letter on the line.
1. ______ Where are most volcanoes found?
a. On mountains
b. Europe
c. Along plate boundaries
d. South America
2. ______ A major volcanic belt formed by many volcanoes that rim the Pacific Ocean is called
a. The Ring of Fire
b. The Volcanic Belt
c. Explosivo
d. Rim of Volcanoes
29
3. ______ A volcano that is erupting, or has erupted recently is classified as
a. Active
b. Dormant
c. Extinct
d. Awake
4. ______ A volcano that hasn’t erupted in recent history, but could erupt is classified as
a. Active
b. Extinct
c. Dormant
d. Sleeping
5. ______ A volcano that will never erupt again is considered a
a. Dormant
b. Extinct
c. Active
d. Dead
6. ______ An area where material from deep within the mantle rises and then melts, forming
magma is called a
e.
f.
g.
h.
Magma pool
Hot Spring
Chamber
Hot Spot
7. ______ When groundwater is heated in hot rock near shallow magma bodies a ______ can
form
a.
b.
c.
d.
Batholith
Dike
Geyser
Volcano
8. ______ When magma heats underground water, the result may be a
a.
b.
c.
d.
lava flow
hot spring
hot spot
bath
30
9. ______ The tendency of a fluid to resist flowing is called
a.
b.
c.
d.
Static
Resistance
Friction
Viscosity
10. ______ The major ingredient in Magma is
a. silica
b. basalt
c. Carbon Dioxide
d. granite
11. ______ As a volcano erupts, what force pushes magma out of a volcano onto the surface?
a. Flowing water
b. The Jedi Force
c. Dynamite
d. The force of expanding gases
12. ______ What are two main factors that affect the viscosity of magma?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Altitude and season
Location and Temperature
Temperature and Silica content
Viscosity of all magma is the same
13. _______ As temperature of magma increases, its viscosity
a.
b.
c.
d.
Increases
Decreases
Stays the same
Hardens
14. _______ The collapse of a volcano’s magma chamber may produce a
a.
b.
c.
d.
crater
island arc
still
caldera
15. _______ Volcanic ash is
a.
b.
c.
d.
smoke and fire
small pieces of cooled lava
burned substance
dirt
31
True or False.
Circle whether the state is true or false.
16. True or False. A volcano is a weak spot in the Earth’s crust where molten material comes to
the surface
17. True or False. Yellowstone National Park marks a hot spot under the North American plate.
18. True or False. How fast lava flows depends on the properties of the magma from which it
formed including its silica content and temperature.
19. True or False. Dormant volcanoes can become active at any time.
Short Answer
Please answer in complete sentences.
What is more likely to be more hazardous — a volcano that erupts frequently, or a volcano that
has been inactive for hundreds of years? Why?
32
Label
Label the parts of the volcano listed below on the diagram.
Magma Chamber
Vent
Crater
Crater
Vent
Magma Chamber
33
Lesson 1 Assessment: Answer Key
A volcano discovery Web Quest
Name: _________________
Instructions: Follow each link provided (find the links in your google classroom), and answer
the questions accommodating each link in complete sentences. All answers are found using
these links. Be sure to click on every link provided within the simulation, and read carefully!
Link 1: Introduction to Volcanism
http://pbs.panda-prod.cdn.s3.amazonaws.com/media/assets/wgbh/ess05/ess05_int_volcanintro/
index.htm
1. Draw and label a diagram of a volcano. Provide a short description for each part.
34
2. The __mountain___________ that forms from layers of ___lava________ and
___tephra_______ is called a ____volcano_____________.
3. Volcanoes are classified as active, dormant, or extinct. Describe what those classifications
mean.
Active: the volcano is currently erupting or has erupted recently
Dormant: The volcano hasn’t recently erupted but still can erupt
Extinct: The volcano is unlikely to ever erupt again
4. There are 4 main types of volcanoes. How are they classified?
Cinder Cone
Composite
Shield
Lava Dome
5. What are the two primary types of volcanoes? What are the two secondary types? Why are
they secondary?
Two primary types are composite and shield volcanoes. Lava domes and cinder cones are
secondary because they tend to form on or near primary volcanoes.
6. List one fact about each type of volcano. Draw the basic shape of each type.
7. What are the three places that volcanoes commonly occur?
Hot spots, spreading centers, subduction zones
35
8. How many hot spots have been identified around the world?
50-100
9. What is Hawaii?
A hot spot
10. What kind of volcanoes are associated with hot spots? What other features are associated
with hot spots? Shield volcanoes and geothermal features
11. _____Spreading centers_________________________ are places where tectonic plates
are moving away from one another.
12. What is much of the oceanic crust made of?
Basalt
13. ___Magma______________ is the word used to describe melted or molten rock inside
Earth.
14. What is magma made of?
Elements, minerals, gases
15. What determines the eruption style, rock type, and volcano shape?
The composition of the magma
16. List the three types of magma and what type of volcano each type comes out of.
Felsic, mafic, intermediate
36
17. ____Igneous_____________ rocks are formed when molten rock cools and hardens.
18. What are the two classes of igneous rocks? Where are they found? (Below or on top of
Earth’s surface?) Intrusive: Below the surface. Extrusive: Above the surface
Link 2: Volcanic Eruptions and Hazards
http://pbs.panda-prod.cdn.s3.amazonaws.com/media/assets/wgbh/ess05/
ess05_int_volcanerupt/02_Effusive.htm
19. _____Effusive______________ eruptions are generally considered to be gentler than
explosive eruptions.
What types of hazards can result from this type of eruption? List 3.
Lava flows, tsunamis, volcanic gases
20. ____Explosive________________ eruptions are the most hazardous, involving large
volumes of tephra and gases emitted from the volcano.
What types of hazards can result from this type of eruption? List 3.
Blow downs, lahars, pyroclastic flows, lava flows, volcanic gases, tephra
Extra Credit (Extension for advanced students)
Follow this link to a third simulation: Volcanic Features.
http://pbs.panda-prod.cdn.s3.amazonaws.com/media/assets/wgbh/ess05/
ess05_int_volcanfeatr/03_Caldera.htm
21. How do we know that Yellowstone is actually a volcano? Provide details.
37
Geothermal activity is common around hot spots.
22. What is Devils Tower?
Volcanic neck: Ancient intrusive igneous rock
38
Lesson 2 Assessment: Key
Viscosity Lab Investigation
Name: __________________________
What you need:
* 4 small plastic cups
Fill 1 cup ½ full of Nacho cheese
Fill 1 cup ½ full of vegetable oil
* 1 straw per person, cut in half
* 1 lab tray
* 1 ruler
* 1 timer: phone or stopwatch
Part 1 Instructions:
* Each person will grab ½ of a straw.
* One person at a time, place the straw into the cup of oil.
* Blow bubbles like you would do with a soda.
* Observe how hard you have to blow, and the force and size of the bubbles once the air gets
through.
* Do the same with the Nacho Cheese using your other 1/2 of the straw.
Record your observations below. All group members will do this.
a. Blowing in the oil:
Students should note the oil was easier to blow in and it produced many bubbles. It was like
blowing in water, or milk, or soda etc.
b. Blowing in the nacho cheese:
Due to the thickness of nacho cheese, it took more effort to blow in it. It produced only one
big hole.
39
Part 2 Instructions:
* One team member will be the pourer, while another is the timer.
* The pourer will first grab the cup with vegetable oil. Holding the ruler vertically (either person
can hold the ruler), the pourer will hold the cup approximately 12 inches above an empty
cup.
* The timer will begin the timing as soon and the pourer begins to pour the oil into one of the
empty cups.
* The timer will stop the stopwatch as soon as the cup of oil is empty. Record this time in the
table below.
* Repeat steps 3-5 with the nacho cheese and the other empty cup.
* Get some chips and eat your cheese if you want!
Liquid
Time in Seconds
Oil
Nacho Cheese
Answer the questions below.
1. Describe your flow-test results. Why did you get the results you did?
The oil flowed much quicker than the nacho cheese. This is because the nacho cheese is
thicker than the oil.
2. Is the viscosity of the oil higher or lower than the nacho cheese? How do you know?
The oil has a lower viscosity because it flows faster and is less sticky.
3. One way to decrease the viscosity of a liquid is to ___Heat_______ (heat/cool) the fluid?
4. What factors affect the viscosity of a substance?
Temperature and chemical structure
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5. What would happen to the viscosity of the oil and the nacho cheese if you heated it up? What
if you cooled it down?
The viscosity of both the oil and nacho cheese would be lower if heated, and higher if cooled
down.
6. Can magma have different viscosities? What influences the viscosity of magma? (conduct
research if you need to)
Yes, magma can have different viscosities. The temperature of the magma, and the chemical
structure, including the silica content, influences the viscosity of magma.
7. If magma in a volcano has a high viscosity, would the eruption be quiet or explosive? Why?
(Think of how the fluids reacted to you blowing air into them)
The eruption would be explosive. This is because it is thicker, which makes it more difficult for
the gases to escape. The gases build up, and when they finally break through it is more
explosive.
8. Could viscosity affect how often a volcano erupts? Why?
Yes. When magma has a higher viscosity, the gas and pressure need to build up over time
before there is enough force to break through.
9. What are some dangers of a volcanic eruption with high viscosity magma?
High viscosity magma means the eruption will be more explosive. This could cause pyroclastic
flows, falling rock, landslides etc.
10. What are some dangers of a volcanic eruption with low viscosity magma?
This magma is thinner and less sticky. An eruption could cause a faster lava flow and can cover
a lot of area in a short amount of time.
Bonus: Do you prefer mashed potatoes with low or high viscosity? Explain.
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