Download 2014 Joseph E. Pesce, Ph.D. 1 Astro 113 Final Exam Review 1. What

Astro 113 Final Exam Review 1. What is the Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation? 2. What are the basic stages in the Sun's history? 3. What are the various astronomical distance measures? 4. Suppose the Hubble constant, H = 60 (km/sec)/Mpc. A Certain galaxy is known to be 100 Mpc from the Milky Way Galaxy. According to Hubble's Law, how fast will we see this galaxy to be moving? 5. If you triple the distance from a light source, what happens to its brightness? 6. What is the “Interstellar Medium”? 7. What fuels quasars? 8. Where does a star spend most of its life? 9. A galaxy is at a distance of one billion light years. What does that mean? 10. How can we distinguish an F-­‐type star from an M-­‐type star? 11. What is dark matter? 12. What do quasars, radio galaxies, and Seyfert galaxies have in common? 13. How do we measure the masses of stars? 14. What component makes up the largest fraction of the mass/energy budget of the universe? 15. How could the velocity of recession of a galaxy be measured? 16. How big are Quasar active regions? 17. Where does the energy of a white dwarf come from? 18. What type of universe do we live in? 19. What are Neutron stars and where do they come from? 20. What can we determine from the Hubble Constant, H? 21. What property of a star entering the final stages of its life cycle determines what type of object is generated? 22. What is a universe having less than the critical density called? © 2014 Joseph E. Pesce, Ph.D. 1 23. What is the role of collisions between galaxies in the formation and evolution of galaxies? 24. What is cosmological redshift? 25. An object at room temperature (T = 300 degrees Kelvin) emits blackbody radiation at primarily what wavelength? An object at T = 106 degrees Kelvin? 26. Are galaxies distributed evenly through space? 27. Why does the region of the sky called the “Milky Way” have a larger concentration of stars than other regions? 28. What is an effect of a large fraction of dark matter in the Universe? 29. What is evidence the Sun is a giant ball of gas? 30. If I examine the spectrum of a star and find that all of the absorption lines have been shifted slightly to the blue, I can conclude what? 31. If a galaxy spectrum exhibits a redshift corresponding to a radial velocity of 1500 km/sec, and H = 75 (km/sec)/Mpc, how far away is the galaxy? 32. What types of objects are active galaxies? 33. What is a pulsar? 34. The H-­‐alpha line is usually seen at lambda = 656 nm, but if a cloud of Hydrogen atoms is rushing away from us at 20% the speed of light, what happens to its H-­‐
alpha line? 35. What is the approximate surface temperature of a G0 type star? 36. What is Cosmology? 37. Measurement of a star's color tells us its 38. What supports a black hole? 39. What is a universe having more than the critical density called? 40. Where were the Carbon atoms in your pencil, the Nitrogen and Oxygen atoms you are breathing, and the Calcium atoms in your bones were all created? 42. What is the Cosmic Background Radiation? And which model is it the strongest evidence against? 43. Why does helium fusion not occur in the present-­‐day Sun? © 2014 Joseph E. Pesce, Ph.D. 2 44. What kind of stars are present in an elliptical galaxy? 45. How was most of the Helium in the Universe made? 46. What is a planetary nebula? 47 Around which types of stars is life more likely to emerge? 48. Where do main sequence stars ultimately derive their luminosity? 49. What is the Cosmological Principal? 50. What is Isotropy? 51. What is Homogeneity? 50. What is Hubble's Law? © 2014 Joseph E. Pesce, Ph.D. 3