Download Human Body System Review Name: Date: 1. In humans, the

Human Body System Review
Name:
1.
Date:
In humans, the exchange of respiratory gases
occurs within the
3.
Which sequence correctly indicates the branching
pattern of the human respiratory system?
A.
nose
B.
trachea
A.
trachea ! bronchi ! bronchioles ! alveoli
C.
bronchial tubes
D. alveoli
B.
trachea ! bronchioles ! bronchi ! alveoli
C.
alveoli ! trachea ! bronchioles ! bronchi
D. alveoli ! bronchioles ! trachea ! bronchi
2.
Which function of a part of the human respiratory
system is represented in the diagram?
A.
gas exchange
B.
cellular respiration
C.
external cyclosis
D. active transport
page 1
4.
The chart shown represents the concentration of gases in inhaled and exhaled air in humans.
Inhaled air
Exhaled air
%O2
%CO2
%N2
14.0
5.60
79.0
20.9
0.04
79.0
What is the reason for the di erence in the O2 and CO2 concentrations of inhaled and exhaled air?
A.
In cellular respiration, O2 is used and CO2 is produced.
B.
In cellular respiration, CO2 is used and O2 is produced.
C.
O2 and CO2 di use easily because they are large molecules.
D. O2 and CO2 are actively transported across thin, moist membranes.
5.
Which statement best describes the function of the
respiratory passageways of a human?
A.
They permit digestive end-products to make
contact with body cells.
B.
They permit exchange between the external
atmosphere and the circulatory system.
C.
They transport gaseous cellular wastes from
body cells to the lungs for excretion.
6.
The graph shown represents relative blood pressure
in human circulatory structures A through D.
Blood pressure drops most drastically within
structure
D. They regulate the amount of ammonia and
salt dissolved in body uids.
A.
7.
page 2
A
B.
B
C.
C
D. D
What prevents the back ow of blood in
structure D ?
A.
ganglia
B.
enzymes
C.
pumps
D. valves
Human Body System Review
8.
The diagram shown represents the human heart,
and the direction of blood ow is indicated by
arrows.
11.
In humans, red bone marrow provides
A.
structural support for the body
B.
a source of new blood cells
C.
an attachment site for muscle tissue
D. a site to trap bacteria
The aorta is represented by number
A.
1
B.
6
C.
8
D. 4
12.
9.
10.
Which structure pumps blood directly to the lungs?
The maintenance of proper blood sugar level
involves the storage of excess sugar in the
A.
salivary glands
B.
stomach
C.
pancreas
D. liver
A function of human blood is to
A.
maintain homeostasis
B.
produce energy
C.
produce new cells
A.
1
B.
2
C.
3
D. 6
D. keep the heart beating
page 3
Human Body System Review
13.
The removal of a human gallbladder interferes
most directly with the
A.
production of gastric juices
B.
production of saliva
C.
storage of pancreatic juices
D. storage of bile
14.
Chart I shows the percentages of certain materials in the blood entering the kidney and the percentages of the same
materials in the urine leaving the body. Chart II shows the number of molecules in the beginning and end of the
kidney tubule for every 100 molecules of each substance entering the glomerulus.
Chart I
Substance
Protein
% in
blood
7.0
% in
urine
0.0
Glucose
0.1
0.0
Water
91.5
0.33
0.29
Urea
0.03
2.7
0.02
Number of Molecules
Beginning
of
Tubule
0
End
of
Tubule
Protein
in blood
entering
glomerulus
100
Glucose
100
20
0
Substance
96.0
Sodium
Potassium
Chart II
Water
0.24
Sodium
Potassium
Urea
100
100
30
30
100
23
100
50
0
1
1
12
90
According to chart I, which substance is more highly concentrated in the urine than in the blood?
A.
water
B.
sodium
C.
page 4
protein
D. glucose
Human Body System Review
15.
Into which parts of the human digestive system
are digestive enzymes secreted?
18.
A.
mouth, esophagus, stomach
A.
completion of lipid digestion
B.
stomach, small intestine, large intestine
B.
absorption of water into the bloodstream
C.
mouth, stomach, small intestine
C.
completion of carbohydrate digestion
D. esophagus, stomach, large intestine
16.
17.
In humans, the large intestine is the major site for
the
D. storage of nutrients for future use
19.
Which process reduces the concentration of urea
in the blood of humans?
A.
excretion
B.
egestion
C.
digestion
D. synthesis
20.
Which part of the digestive system contains
structural adaptations called villi that increase the
surface area for the absorption of food?
21.
A.
F
B.
E
C.
C
D. H
page 5
In the human digestive system, most nutrients are
absorbed into the blood through the lining of the
A.
esophagus
B.
stomach
C.
small intestine
D. large intestine
In which organ of the human gastrointestinal tract
does most chemical digestion of lipids occur?
A.
stomach
B.
esophagus
C.
large intestine
D. small intestine
Food is usually kept from entering the trachea by
the
A.
diaphragm
B.
epiglottis
C.
villi
D. ribs
Human Body System Review
22.
In humans, chemical digestion is accomplished by
enzyme action that begins in the mouth and ends
in the
A.
esophagus
B.
C.
small intestine
D. gallbladder
25.
stomach
In humans, structures that absorb most of the
products of digestion are the
A.
ducts of the pancreas
B.
cells of the esophagus
C.
villi of the small intestine
D. muscular folds of the gallbladder
23.
Which type of digestion occurs in the mouth when
an individual chews a piece of bread?
A.
mechanical digestion, only
B.
chemical digestion, only
C.
both mechanical digestion and chemical
digestion
26.
D. neither mechanical digestion nor chemical
digestion
24.
The correct pathway for urine to ow out of the
human body is
A.
bladder ! ureter ! kidney ! urethra
B.
kidney ! ureter ! bladder ! urethra
C.
urethra ! bladder ! kidney ! ureter
D. kidney ! urethra ! bladder ! ureter
In humans, the ureter transports urine from the
A.
blood to the kidney
B.
liver to the kidney
C.
kidney to the urinary bladder
27.
D. urinary bladder to outside the body
page 6
Which gland most directly regulates the metabolism
of calcium within the human body?
A.
adrenal
B.
parathyroid
C.
pituitary
D. testis
Human Body System Review
28.
What is the role of sensory organs in the body?
31.
Which structures in a human transmit
electrochemical messages?
A.
the transmission of impulses directly to
e ectors
A.
veins
B.
B.
the detection of environmental stimuli
C.
neurons
D. nephrons
C.
the conduction of impulses from the spinal
cord
lymphocytes
D. the interpretation of impulses from motor
neurons
32.
29.
30.
Neurotransmitters, such as acetylcholine, are
initially detected by which part of a neuron?
A.
dendrite
B.
nucleus
C.
terminal branch
D. mitochondrion
visceral muscle and brous tendons
B.
smooth muscle and ligaments
C.
skeletal muscle and bones
A.
neurons located in the brain and spinal cord
B.
nerves that extend from the brain and spinal
cord
C.
interneurons of the central nervous system
D. portions of the brain known as the medulla
and cerebellum
33.
Which two structures are directly involved in
locomotion in humans?
A.
The peripheral nervous system consists of the
D. cardiac muscle and immovable joints
The muscular nature of the walls of ventricles is
most closely associated with their function of
A.
storing blood from the body
B.
producing red blood cells
C.
maintaining pressure lower than that in the
atria
D. forcing blood to the lungs and body
page 7
Human Body System Review
34.
35.
In animals, hormones are transported throughout
the organism by the
A.
lysosomes
B.
C.
circulatory system
D. excretory system
38.
synapses
Into which system do endocrine glands secrete
hormones?
A.
circulatory
B.
C.
digestive
D. reproductive
Which is regulated by thyroxin?
A.
the rate of metabolism in the body
B.
the condition of cartilage in the joints of
bones
C.
ACTH production
39.
Select the endocrine gland, chosen from the list
below, that is best described by the statement
shown.
This gland is often called the master gland
because many of its hormones stimulate the
activities of other glands.
D. calcium production
36.
nervous
A.
Adrenal
B.
Pancreas
C.
Parathyroid
D. Pituitary
Human ovaries do not function properly unless
they receive a stimulating hormone from the
A.
thyroid
B.
pituitary gland
C.
adrenal gland
D. pancreas
40.
Select the endocrine gland, chosen from the list
below, that is best described by the statement
shown.
This gland produces a hormone that regulates
calcium balance in the bloodstream.
37.
In humans, glucose is stored in the liver chie y as
a polysaccharide known as
A.
fat
B.
protein
C.
maltose
D. glycogen
page 8
A.
Pancreas
B.
Parathyroid
C.
Pituitary
D. Testis
Human Body System Review
41.
43.
Select the hormone, chosen from the list below,
that is best described by the statement shown.
Which ovarian hormone in uences female
secondary sexual characteristics?
A.
Insulin
B.
Thyroxin
C.
Estrogen
D. Parathormone
The chart shown gives incomplete information
about various systems of the human body which
can fail, causing a speci c malfunction.
Malfunction
of Human
Body
A
System
A ected
Chacteristics of
Malfunction
Endocrine
Leukemia
B
Emphysema
Respiratory
Not enough insulin
produced by the pancreas,
causing high levels of
sugar in blood and urine;
weakness results
Cancer of the bone
marrow, causing
uncontrolled production
of white blood cells
D
C
Nervous
In ammation of
membranes surrounding
the brain and spinal cord
caused by bacterial or
viral infection
The name of which malfunction should be
included in the table at A ?
42.
A.
gout
B.
pneumonia
C.
stroke
D. diabetes
Select the hormone, chosen from the list below,
that is best described by the statement shown.
Which hormone regulates the overall rate of
metabolism?
A.
Insulin
B.
FSH
C.
Thyroxin
D. Parathormone
44. Which endocrine gland would be most responsible
for secreting the hormone that accelerates the heart
rate?
page 9
A.
thyroid
B.
pancreas
C.
parathyroid
D. adrenal
Human Body System Review
45.
Select the gland, chosen from the list below, that
is best described by the statement shown.
48.
Select the structure, chosen from the list below,
that is best described by the statement shown.
A child's heartbeat increases when the child
is frightened.
A.
Islet of Langehans
B.
C.
Testis
D. Parathyroid
This endocrine gland secrets numerous
hormones that directly regulate the activities
of several other endocrine glands and body
tissues.
Adrenal
A.
Pituitary gland
B.
Thyroid gland
C.
Parathyroid gland
D. Islets of Langerhans
46.
Which hormone aids directly in reducing the sugar
level of the blood?
A.
glucagon
B.
adrenalin
C.
insulin
D. estrogen
49.
47.
For the statement shown, select the endocrine
gland that is best described.
This gland is responsible for producing a
hormone that promotes the conversion of
excess glucose to glycogen.
Select the malfunction, chosen from the list below,
that is best described by the statement shown.
This region of the brain functions as an
endocrine gland by producing hormones that
in uence the activities of the pituitary gland.
A.
Hypothalamus
B.
Pituitary gland
C.
Thyroid gland
A.
adrenal
B.
pituitary
C.
thyroid
D. pancreas
D. Islets of Langerhans
page 10
Human Body System Review
50.
The graph represents the level of glucose in a
student's blood from 11:00 am until 10:00 pm. At
3:30 pm the student ran in cross-country meet,
and at 5:30 pm the student ate dinner. Which
hormones were primarily responsible for producing
some of the changes in the blood sugar level
between 4:30 pm and 8:00 pm?
A.
insulin and glucagon
B.
estrogen and progesterone
C.
parathormone and TSH
51.
The chart shown represents a homeostatic control
mechanism in humans. Which system is most
directly involved in the events represented in the
chart?
D. adrenalin and FSH
52.
A.
digestive
B.
endocrine
C.
nervous
D. respiratory
A similarity between the nervous system and the
endocrine system in humans is that they both
A.
are composed of neurons
B.
are composed of glands
C.
maintain homeostasis
D. secrete chemicals across synapses
page 11
Human Body System Review
53.
In which part of the human reproductive system
does the development of an embryo normally
occur?
A.
scrotum
B.
C.
ovary
D. testes
54.
Where are the hormones that regulate the human
female reproductive cycle produced?
uterus
A.
ovaries, testes, and uterine lining
B.
hypothalamus, pituitary, and ovaries
C.
Fallopian tubes, placenta, and ovaries
D. ovaries, pituitary, and Fallopian tubes
page 12
Human Body System Review
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Human Body System Review
05/17/2016
1.
Answer:
D
21.
Answer:
B
2.
Answer:
A
22.
Answer:
C
3.
Answer:
A
23.
Answer:
C
4.
Answer:
A
24.
Answer:
C
5.
Answer:
B
25.
Answer:
C
6.
Answer:
B
26.
Answer:
B
7.
Answer:
D
27.
Answer:
B
8.
Answer:
B
28.
Answer:
B
9.
Answer:
D
29.
Answer:
A
10.
Answer:
A
30.
Answer:
C
11.
Answer:
B
31.
Answer:
C
12.
Answer:
D
32.
Answer:
B
13.
Answer:
D
33.
Answer:
D
14.
Answer:
A
34.
Answer:
C
15.
Answer:
C
35.
Answer:
A
16.
Answer:
A
36.
Answer:
B
17.
Answer:
D
37.
Answer:
D
18.
Answer:
B
38.
Answer:
A
19.
Answer:
C
39.
Answer:
D
20.
Answer:
D
40.
Answer:
B
Teacher's Key
41.
Answer:
C
42.
Answer:
C
43.
Answer:
D
44.
Answer:
D
45.
Answer:
B
46.
Answer:
C
47.
Answer:
A
48.
Answer:
A
49.
Answer:
D
50.
Answer:
A
51.
Answer:
B
52.
Answer:
C
53.
Answer:
B
54.
Answer:
B
Page 2