Download TCSS Genetics Study Guide

TCSS Genetics Study Guide
Name _________________________________
1. Define heredity. (S7L3a)
2. Define a dominant trait. (S7L3a)
3. Define a recessive trait. (S7L3a)
4. If you inherit half of your genes from your mother and half of your genes from your father, what
percent of your genes did you inherit from each of your grandparents? (S7L3a)
5. Define a Punnett Sqaure. (S7L3a)
6. Describe how the color of a person’s eyes is determined. (S7L3a)
7. In a sexually reproducing organism, if an adult cell has 46 chromosomes in its nucleus, how many
of these chromosomes will its offspring receive? (S7L3a)
8. Mendel identified a combination of “factors” inherited from each parent called a _______. (S7L3a)
9. Identify characteristics that you are likely to inherit from a parent and
characteristics that you are least likely to inherit from a parent. (S7L3a)
10. The drawing to the right represents a pair of chromosomes. The area labeled
“bands” shows the location of what? (S7L3a)
11. Explain how a person’s mother and father can both exhibit or show a trait but
their children may not exhibit the trait. (S7L3a)
12. If a homozygous tall pea plant is crossed with a homozygous short pea plant, explain how the
offspring always result in tall pea plants. What if two heterozygous tall plants are crossed, what percent
of the offspring will probably be short? (S7L3a)
13. In hamsters, the gene for a black coat is dominant over the gene for a white coat. What color is a
hamster with one gene for a black coat and one gene for a white coat? (S7L3a)
14. In zucchini plants, green fruit (G) is dominant to yellow fruit (g). If two plants heterozygous for
green fruit are crossed, what are the possible genotypes (alleles) of the offspring? (S7L3a)
TCSS Genetics Study Guide
Name _________________________________
15. Each body cell of a cod fish contains 82 chromosomes. How many chromosomes are contained in a
cod fish sex cell? (S7L3a)
16. The diagram to the right shows the X chromosomes in a female fruit fly
and the X and Y chromosomes in a male fruit fly. The two fruit flies are
crossed with each other. Fill in the two chromosomes below illustrating
the female offspring of the fruit flies. (S7L3a)
Base your answers on the diagram to the right and on your knowledge of
science. The diagram shows a model of human inheritance.
17. What is this model used to determine? (S7L3a)
18. In the diagram above, each row is labeled with a single letter. What
does each letter represent? (S7L3a)
19. What proportion of the offspring will have a straight hairline?
Peaked? (S7L3a)
20. What is the genetic makeup of the parents? (S7L3a)
21. Why will Aa individuals have a straight hairline rather than a peaked hairline? (S7L3a)
22. What advantage does a species that reproduces sexually have over a species that reproduces
asexually? (S7L3b)
23. What is a disadvantage of producing offspring through asexual reproduction? (S7L3b)
24. Identify whether the following examples produce cells that are different or similar to the parent
cells. (S7L3b)
a. skin cells dividing to produce more skin cells
___________________________
b. yeast cells splitting into new cells
___________________________
c. sperm and egg cells producing fertilized egg cells ___________________________
d. bacteria cells dividing into new cells
____________________________
25. When pieces of a plant fall to the ground, take root and become a new plant, what type of
reproduction has occurred? (S7L3b)
TCSS Genetics Study Guide
Name _________________________________
26. Define selective breeding. (S7L3b)
27. Which type of reproduction is
shown in the diagram to the right? (S7L3b)
28. Identify whether the examples below show sexual or asexual reproduction. (S7L3b)
29. The wolf is the ancestor of many species of dogs. Describe how other dog species have evolved
from wolves. (S7L3c)
30. Identify examples of selective breeding that are beneficial. (S7L3c)
The diagram to the right represents 23 pairs of structures
taken from the nucleus of a human body cell.
31. Identify the structures shown in the diagram.
32. Identify the information that is contained within these
structures.
33. Describe how the structures from this cell would
compare to the structures in the nucleus of another body
cell from the same person.
34. Explain why the structures are in pairs.