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Transcript
Models in Science - Vocabulary • Model • Types of models – Conceptual model – Physical model – Constructed model – Mathematical model – Scale model • Dynamic • Static REVOLUTION means to orbit another celestial body 23.5o tilt ROTATION means to spin on axis 23.5o tilt Is it rotation or revolution that causes days and nights? Photo of an illuminated Earth & Moon seen from space by the Galileo probe – How does rotation fit into day and night? Remember it isn’t just Earth… Here’s an illuminated Jupiter & one of its moons seen from space by the Galileo probe 23.5o tilt WHY DOES THE EARTH ROTATE? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fD3P_l2sZFI&list=PL316AE0D3F2E1604C EVIDENCE FOR ROTATION 1. In which direction does the sun generally rise each day? 2. In which direction does it generally set? 3. What does that tell you about the direction of planet rotation? Evidence for rotation Why does the sun generally rise in the east in the morning and set in the west at night? THE EARTH ROTATES TO THE EAST so the sun appears to move from east to west across the sky. Try it with a flashlight and globe! What type of motion is this diagram showing? PROVE IT TO YOURSELF with the globes – counterclockwise in northern hemisphere and clockwise in southern hemisphere but always towards the east It’s called a Foucault pendulum and its evidence for rotation and can be used to find latitude. Here’s how it works. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M8rrWUUlZ_U Have you ever seen one of these work ? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WZ3bi5IVToE Star trails around Polaris is evidence for rotation Day and night are evidence for rotation http://www.learner.org/jnorth/tm/mclass/SunriseSetAns.html HOW DOES ROTATION RATE DEFINE THE LENGTH OF A FULL SOLAR “DAY” Remember, a SOLAR DAY is 24 hours total on Earth. It does NOT mean JUST DAYTIME! What’s the equation for rate (speed) of change? LINK - http://www.universetoday.com/26623/how-fast-does-the-earth-rotate/ Does Earth rotate at the same rate at all latitudes? How fast does Earth rotate (spin) on its axis every place on Earth? RATE can be measured in DEGREES of ARC of a CIRCLE How fast does Earth rotate (spin) on its axis at the equator? RATE can be measured using a real world distance like EQUATORIAL CIRCUMFERENCE (from NASA) of 40,030 km = 24,874 mi How fast does Earth rotate (spin) on its axis at other latitudes? Using a real world distance like Endicott’s latitude (42oN) of 29,826 km = 18,533 mi How fast do jets fly? LINK - http://www.universetoday.com/26623/how-fast-does-the-earth-rotate/ Does Earth rotate at the same rate at all latitudes? How do days and years compare on other planets? Rank them (max to min) in your notebooks Is one full rotation on Earth for a solar day exactly 24 hours? Check your ESRTs