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Models in Science - Vocabulary
• Model
• Types of models
– Conceptual model
– Physical model
– Constructed model
– Mathematical model
– Scale model
• Dynamic
• Static
REVOLUTION
means to
orbit another
celestial body
23.5o tilt
ROTATION
means to
spin on axis
23.5o tilt
Is it rotation or
revolution that
causes days
and nights?
Photo of an
illuminated Earth &
Moon seen from
space by the
Galileo probe –
How does rotation
fit into day and
night?
Remember it isn’t just Earth…
Here’s an illuminated Jupiter & one
of its moons seen from space by the
Galileo probe
23.5o tilt
WHY DOES THE EARTH
ROTATE?
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fD3P_l2sZFI&list=PL316AE0D3F2E1604C
EVIDENCE FOR
ROTATION
1. In which direction does the sun
generally rise each day?
2. In which direction does it generally
set?
3. What does that tell you about the
direction of planet rotation?
Evidence for rotation
Why does the sun generally rise
in the east in the morning and
set in the west at night?
THE EARTH ROTATES TO THE EAST so
the sun appears to move from east to west
across the sky. Try it with a flashlight and globe!
What type of motion is this diagram showing?
PROVE IT TO YOURSELF with the globes – counterclockwise
in northern hemisphere and clockwise in southern
hemisphere but always towards the east
It’s called a Foucault pendulum
and its evidence for rotation and can be used to find
latitude. Here’s how it works.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M8rrWUUlZ_U
Have you ever seen one of these work ?
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WZ3bi5IVToE
Star trails
around Polaris is
evidence for
rotation
Day and night are evidence for rotation
http://www.learner.org/jnorth/tm/mclass/SunriseSetAns.html
HOW DOES ROTATION RATE
DEFINE THE LENGTH OF A FULL
SOLAR “DAY”
Remember, a SOLAR DAY is 24 hours total on
Earth. It does NOT mean JUST DAYTIME!
What’s the equation for rate (speed) of change?
LINK - http://www.universetoday.com/26623/how-fast-does-the-earth-rotate/
Does Earth rotate at the same
rate at all latitudes?
How fast does Earth
rotate (spin) on its axis
every place on Earth?
RATE can be measured in DEGREES of ARC of a CIRCLE
How fast does Earth
rotate (spin) on its axis at
the equator?
RATE can be measured using a real world distance like
EQUATORIAL CIRCUMFERENCE (from NASA)
of 40,030 km = 24,874 mi
How fast does Earth
rotate (spin) on its axis at
other latitudes?
Using a real world distance like Endicott’s latitude (42oN) of
29,826 km = 18,533 mi
How fast do jets fly?
LINK - http://www.universetoday.com/26623/how-fast-does-the-earth-rotate/
Does Earth rotate at the same rate at all latitudes?
How do days and years
compare on other planets?
Rank them (max to min) in
your notebooks
Is one full rotation on Earth for a
solar day exactly 24 hours?
Check your ESRTs