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Timeline of Medical Advances: The Equipment: Part 1 University of Cincinnati Professor Labiner Magnifiers 1st century Spectacles Roger Bacon – 1297 CE Lens making a skilled trade convex lenses concave lenses ©University of Cincinnati MLS Distance Learning Program 1 Timeline of Medical Advances: The Equipment: Part 1 Zacharias Janssen ‐1590 Invented microscope Galileo ‐ 1609 Lincean Academy Cornelius Drebbel ‐ 1620 Compound microscope Microscopists Marcello Malpighi in 1661 Harvey’s circulation of blood solved Robert Hooke‐ Micrographia, 1665 Coined the word “cell” Antony van Leeuwenhoek, 1681 Invented the simple microscope RBC, Spermatozoa & Bacteria Portrait of Anthony van Leeuwenhoek by J. Verkolje, 1686 Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam Copyright © 2004 Octavo ©University of Cincinnati MLS Distance Learning Program 2 Timeline of Medical Advances: The Equipment: Part 1 Problems that impeded progress in the 18th century Inaccurate observations blamed on microscope Inadequate preparation Rough handling of specimens Belief microscope too complicated to use Physicians considered it a waste of time Empirical art to a scientific discipline 1829 ‐ Joseph Jackson Lister Listerian lenses 1867‐His son, Joseph, pioneers antisepsis 1843 ‐ Microscopy Education Guy’s Hospital, London 1858 ‐ Rudolf Virchow Cellular Pathology Rudolf Virchow (1821‐1902) ©University of Cincinnati MLS Distance Learning Program 3 Timeline of Medical Advances: The Equipment: Part 1 Advancement of the discipline Need for Documentation Photomicrography – 1882 Robert Koch X‐Ray Technology The Electron microscope – 1931 Ernst Ruska & Max Knoll Microtome ‐1885 Electrons – 1897 ©University of Cincinnati © James A. Sullivan MLS Distance Learning Program 4