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Has Anybody in this Class ever had a Zucchini Squash Failure? You are Excused Why Do We Vegetable Garden? Save Money? Therapy? Bragging rights? Tastes better than what we can purchase in the market Specific varieties – When we want them EARLY SEASON VEGETABLES Onions Potatoes Onions Purchase early February Plant Valentine Day Weekend – “Nothing says “Love” like Onions” At this time also pick-up your potatoes Onion Varieties Classed by day length – – Short, Intermediate, or Long Day Short Day onions are best suited for here Granex Onion – – – – OSO Sweet Vidalia Maui Sweet Imperial Onions Texas 1015 Y – Will be sweet where ever grown Red Onions? Onion Production Onions have a very small root system – Drip Irrigation is very useful Space plants far enough to apart to allow for maximum size Fertilize with Nitrogen Fertilizer – 1 cup every 20 foot of row every 2-3 weeks Onion Production What part of the plant does nitrogen promote growth Leaves Each leaf is a ring The more leafs, the more rings, the more rings, the larger the onion Onion Harvest Do you need to step on the tops? No, they will go over on their own – Bulbing is initiated by day length Dig 7-10 days after tops go over – Store in shady area Potatoes You say Patato, I say Potato, let call the whole thing off. Varieties – – – Yukon Gold Red LaSoda Norland Both are poor eye producers – Purchase 2-3 weeks before planting Potato Production To Callous or not Callous, that is the questions The Bill Geer potato famine of 1999 Potato Production Till ground Just barely cover the potatoes with soil Put on thin layer of mulch to keep the soil “mellow” Lay out drip hose Potato Production Do you scalp your lawn? Steal from the neighbors Cover the potato plants weekly Be sure to stockpile enough “Dry Grass” clipping Plants will set potatoes in the clipping and you will never have to “dig” potatoes again Broccoli Transplants are expensive – One head per plant Start your own transplants Premium Crop is well adapted Green Goliath Avoid Green Comet A better Fall crop Cabbage $.15/Pound – ‘nuff said Edible Pod Peas Like Broccoli – better suited for the Fall Powdery Mildew Work well on Hog Panel Asparagus Mary Martha Washington – the old standard bearer UC 157 F1 New varieties – – Jersey Giant Jersey Knight Why are they better ? Because the are ALL MALE Cucumbers Perform well on a 15 foot hog panel Burpless slicers are well adapted Dasher II is an excellent choice Cantaloupe Ambrosia and Magnum .45 are well adapted Magnum .45 holds up to heat well Pick at full slip Cottonseed mulch works well for vine crops Peppers Are all your Bell Peppers perfect w/4 lobes? Or do you have the “Okie 1 Lobe”? Poor pollination on Bell varieties Hot varieties are excellent performers – Usually late season Sweet Corn You can buy corn for 8-10 ears for a dollar – why are you growing it? In the past 30 years great changes have been made “SuperSweet” varieties Warmer soil temperatures needed Only 1 variety can be grown at a time – Or stagger plantings by 12 days The Vegetable Garden Insects Diseases Abiotic problem – Not caused by insect or disease Tomatoes Diseases Main Disease is fusarium wilt Plants turn yellow to brown progresses up the plant Not control Purchase varieties that are resistant to fusarium race 1 &2 Resistance not immunity Curly Beet Top Virus Over 80% of the varieties at Bixby Been in the west for years Leafhopper is the vector Plants have severe leaf curl Stop growing CBTV Purpling of the veins Late season less apparent Outlook? Tomato Insects Spider Mite Goldening of the upper surface of the leaf Hot weather lovers Soap and oil solutions Tomato Insects Fruit and Horn Worm Both can be controlled with B.T. products Usually only on horn worm per plant – – Can hand pick Usually early in the season Tomato Insects Stink Bugs Stink bugs are predatory Lots of stink bugs due to large moth flights in spring Stink bugs feed on the larvae Stink Bug Damage Unsightly – Reduces salability Still edible Area damaged may not be as tender Abiotic Problems Blossom End Rot Not enough calcium in the fruit Plant is growing too fast and calcium is going into foliage and not the fruit Get calcium to plant Fluctuations in available water? Abiotic Problems Blossom Drop Tomatoes do not set fruit well when the night temperature is below about 60 degrees or above about 70 degrees Or when the day temperature is about 92 degrees Or if the grower has applied excess nitrogen Blossom set spray only help with low temperature blossom drop Abiotic Problems Catfacing Incomplete pollination Usually do to low temperature at pollination time Abiotic Problems Tomato Leaf Roll Do not confuse with herbicide damage A curling or rolling of the leaves Occurs in hot weather – – Or after cultivation Or after severe pruning Abiotic Problems Hormonal Herbicide Damage Vapor Drift Can travel great distances Tomato is VERY! Sensitive If early enough and replacement plants are still available – replace them Birds and Cracking Pick tomatoes when they start to break color Ripen them indoors Will eliminate bird damage Better color and flavor Even watering will lessen cracking Cucurbits Squash Cucumbers Watermelons Cantaloupe Diseases Mosaic Virus Spread by aphids, squash bugs and cucumber beetle Affects most all cucurbits Symptoms appear on 2nd to 4th true leaf but no on older leaves No control – a virus Diseases Bacterial Wilt Cucumber beetle is the vector Rapid wilt and death of the plant Gummy ooze from cut stem Insects Squash Bug and Cucumber Beetle No they do not come with the seed Both are vectors of many wilts and viruses Control when they look like small gray ticks Once Adults 2 bricks or thermo nuclear device Insects Squash Vine Borer 2 Generation per year Stagger or delay plantings Mound dirt around base of plants Promote adventitious roots Remove larvae Delayed Fruit Set Very common in cucurbits Most set only male flowers for the first several weeks Female flowers have ovary at their base Poor Pollination Both male and female flowers present Poorly shaped fruit Pollinate with water color brush Pollinate early in the morning My Potato Gots Tomatoes Under favorable conditions they will set fruit Do not save for seed – will not breed true Toxic – remove so children will not eat Before We Leave The Garden A large majority of questions will be on tomatoes and cucurbits Be aware that mites and aphids can attack almost all warm season vegetable. Other odds and ends bugs – – – Asparagus beetle Cutworms Loopers Questions?