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New Deal Programs Arranged by Function Economic Stabilization National Industrial Recovery Act - NIRA (1933) -creates National Recovery Administration - NRA -price stabilization via trade associations -collective bargaining for labor -creates PWA & FERA (see below under Public Works) -overturned by Supreme Court in 1935 Agricultural Adjustment Act - AAA (1933, 1938) -price stabilization for farm products -overturned by Supreme Court 1935, reauthorized 1938 Bank Reform Emergency Banking Relief Act (1933) -evaluation of all banks, closures of insolvent ones Glass-Steagall Banking Act (1933) -creates Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation - FDIC -separates commercial & investment banking - The 'Firewall' Federal Reserve Bank upgrade (1935) Other Financial Reform Emergency Banking Relief Act of 1933 -impounds all gold and devalues the dollar Gold Reserve Act (1934) -creates a government hoard (Fort Knox) Securities Act (1933) Securities Exchange Act (1934) -creates Securities and Exchange Commission - SEC -regulation of stock trading in public corporations Rural & Farm Assistance Agricultural Adjustment Act (1933, 1938) -price stabilization -raises farm incomes Farm Credit Act (1933) -creates Farm Credit Administration - FCA -oversight of all farm credit programs -refinance of farm mortgages Resettlement Act (1935) -creates Resettlement Administration - RA -becomes Farm Security Administration - FSA (1937) -aid to farm workers Farm Tenancy Act (1937) -aid to poor farmers Public Works1 Civilian Conservation Corps - CCC (1933) -created under Emergency Conservation Act -put under Federal Security Agency, 1939-43 Tennessee Valley Authority - TVA (1933) -river basin development based on dams & hydroelectricity Civil Works Administration - CWA (1933-34) -created by Exec. Order under FERA, which was part of NIRA -provides model for WPA Public Works Administration - PWA (1933) -created under NIRA Works Progress Administration - WPA (1935) -continued programs begun under FERA, created by Exec. Order Rural Electrification Administration - REA (1935) -created by Executive Order -confirmed by Rural Electrification Act (1936) Soil Conservation Service - SCS (1933, 1935) -begins as Soil Erosion Service, under Emergency Conservation Act -confirmed by Soil Conservation & Domestic Allotment Act (1935) Bonneville Power Administration - BPA (1937) -Bonneville Power Act -sells power from Columbia River dams Federal Works Agency - FWA (1939) -Reorganization Act allows FDR to created FWA -Umbrella for PWA, WPA, USHA, BPR, FBA Housing & Mortgage Reform Home Owners Loan Act - HOLA (1933) -expands program begun under President Hoover -strengthens Home Owners Loan Corporation - HOLC -aid to distressed mortgage holders Federal Housing Act - FHA (1934) -Federal Housing Administration - FHA -mortgage guarantee program - Federal Savings & Loan Insurance Corporation - FSLIC -acts like FDIC for S&Ls Federal National Mortgage Association - FNMA (1938) -buys mortgages from banks; creates secondary market United States Housing Act - Wagner-Steagall - USHA (1937) -creates U.S. Housing Authority -builds public housing 1 List does not include assistance to pre-existing federal agencies: Bureau of Reclamation, Army Corps of Engineers, Bureau of Public Roads (BPR) and Federal Building Administration (FBA) Relief & Welfare Federal Emergency Relief Administration - FERA (1933 & 1935) -aid to states for relief of destitute (mostly work relief) -originates with NIRA; spawns CWA which morphs into WPA Social Security Act - SSA (1935) -creates Social Security Administration -old age pensions & unemployment assistance Labor Law & Assistance National Industrial Recovery Act - NIRA (1933) -right to organize, minimum wage, no child labor National Labor Relations Board - NLRB (1934) -created by Executive Order National Labor Relations Act (Wagner Act) (1935) -right to collective bargaining, with enforcement -confirms NLRB Social Security Act (1935) -retirement benefits & unemployment insurance for jobless workers Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) (1938) -restores minimum wage, confirms no child labor Regulation of Trade, Transport and Communications Federal Communications Act (1934) -establishes Federal Communications Commission - FCC Civil Aeronautics Act (1938) -establishes the Civil Aeronautics Authority - CAA -split into two parts: Civil Aeronautics Board - CAB Civil Aeronautics Board (later Federal Aviation Administraton) Federal Trade Commission - FTC -strengthened by Robinson-Patman Act (1936) & Wheeler-Lea Act (1938) General Good Sense Repeal of Prohibition (1933) (21st Amendment)
