Download Language Homework - Denny High School Departments

This is your English Language Homework Booklet. You will use it this year
to help you develop the skills you need to improve your English. As you
will be using it all year, you must take care of it.
Complete each exercise as directed by your English teacher.
Each exercise contains an explanation of a grammar point and a task to
check that you have understood what has been explained. You should
neatly write all of your answers in the booklet.
If you do not understand one of the exercises, you must let your teacher
know so that it can be explained in more detail.
This booklet will help you with a number of skills. In particular, you will
be looking at developing the skills found in the following Experiences
and Outcomes:
Reading
Writing
Through developing my knowledge of context clues,
punctuation, grammar and layout, I can read with increasing
fluency, understanding and expression.
Eng 3-12
As appropriate to my purpose and type of text, I can
punctuate and structure different types of sentences with
sufficient accuracy, and arrange these to make meaning
clear, showing straightforward relationships between
paragraphs.
Lit 3-22a
Throughout the writing process, I can review and edit my
writing to ensure that it meets its purpose and
communicates meaning at first reading.
Lit 3-23a
2
You will often be asked to peer or self assess the tasks in this booklet.
This will help you to understand how to improve your work.
In order to do this you should use the following code:
Use the tick sign if the answer is correct.
Use the cross sign if the answer is incorrect.
Use the plus sign if part of the answer is correct.
There is a space at the bottom of the page for you to put your mark.
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Nouns
A noun is a Naming word. It is a word for a person, place or thing.
Common nouns are used for general
persons
girl
boy
teacher
doctor
places
house
church
school
library
things
desk
chair
pen
cup
proper nouns are used for particular
persons
Mr Brown
James
Lisa
places
Glasgow
Seres Road
Italy
things
days
months
titles
You can spot proper nouns easily as they must always begin with
capital letters.
You know that nouns are naming words. As well as common nouns and
proper nouns, there are also:
collective nouns
The name for a special group
of people or animals:
- audience of people:
- herd of cattle
- flock of sheep
abstract nouns
The name for something we
cannot see, hear or touch,
such as feelings or ideas:
- love
- truth
- hatred
- happiness
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Task 1
Underline the common nouns and circle the proper nouns in the
following sentences:
1.
Lucy had been studying for her Higher German exam since last
Tuesday.
2.
The Showcase was showing the film, ‘Pirates of the Caribbean’,
last month.
3.
David tidied his room by making the bed, washing the windows
and by scrubbing the carpet.
5. Jennifer needed to go into town to buy some new clothes,
including a coat, a party dress and a cardigan. She also needed to
pick up some groceries from Safeway, and if she had time, some
tickets for the concert at the SECC.
Task 2
Write down what type of noun each of the following words is:
boy
_________
evil
_________
sadness
_________
team
_________
chair
_________
Tenerife
_________
September
_________
Regiment
_________
John
_________
station
_________
crowd
_________
hope
_________
needle
_________
group
_________
computer
_________
ambition
_________
troop
_________
class
_________
imagination
_________
courage
_________
swarm
_________
bunch
_________
table
_________
Jane
_________
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Verbs
A verb is a doing word:
Example
He walked to the shops.
She felt excited.
They laughed at the show.
Action
Walking
Feeling
Laughing
Task 3
Underline the verb in each sentence:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
The cat fought with the dog.
William writes stories.
The boy cried when he lost the race.
Jane rode her bike to school.
Roses grew in the park.
Some sentences also contain a verb phrase. This is a main verb plus a
helping verb.
E.g. I have talked to him.
She is listening to music.
Task 4
Underline the verbs in the sentences below. Remember to look for verb
phrases.
1. John ate all the cakes and the crisps.
2. Have you seen my handbag?
3. I read the magazine then I watched TV.
4. You have really grown since I last saw you.
5. We are moving at the end of the month.
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Verbs
Agreement of the verb with its subject
A singular (when there is one) subject must be followed by a singular
verb.
A plural (more than one) subject is followed by a plural verb.
E.g. The height of the walls was increased. (Singular)
The walls of the city were destroyed. (Plural)
Task 5
Complete the sentences with the correct answer.
1. The absence of the boys _______________ reported. (was, were)
2. The boys of the school _____________ taught swimming. (is, are)
3. The majority of the noise ______________made by the boys.
(was, were)
4. In general his answers ____________ correct. (is, are)
5. Most of his money ______________ been lost. (has, have)
6. The bikes in the shop _____________ very expensive. (is, are)
7. Most of the neighbours ____________ friendly. (was, were)
8. Almost all of the girls ____________ nice. (was, were)
9. John _________ learning to swim. (is, are)
10.Most of his plans ________________ failed. (has, have)
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The Present Tense
The present tense is the one that we use to say what is happening at this
moment. A verb changes in form depending on which “person” you are
describing.
Examples: I eat
we eat
you eat (singular)
you eat (plural)
he/she/it eats
they eat
If we want to show that the action is going on for some time, we use are
and add ing to the verb.
E.g. They are eating dinner (and have been for half an hour).
Task 6
Change the following sentences into the present tense. You should give
both possible versions.
Example
I ran uphill.
I run uphill
I am running uphill.
1. I walked to the
shops.
I ____________ to the
shops.
I _____ ___________
to the shops.
2. I ate chocolate.
I _____________
chocolate.
I ____ ____________
chocolate.
3. Lisa went to
Brownies.
Lisa __________ to
Brownies.
Lisa _____ _________
to Brownies.
4. Stuart painted
pictures.
Stuart __________
pictures.
Stuart ____ ________
pictures.
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The Future Tense
The future tense is the one we use to say what is going to happen in the
future and has not happened yet. To do this we usually use “will” or
“shall”.
E.g. I learn  I will learn.
If we want to show it will happen over a long period of time it should be
I am staying  I will be staying.
Task 7
Complete the following sentences in the future tense.
I am learning German.
I will be learning German.
1. I am learning
French.
2. I watch
‘Neighbours’.
3. We arrived on
Monday.
4. Sharon is studying
tonight.
5. Tracey read that
book.
6. They swam for one
hour.
7. They ran 4 miles on
Monday.
8. John did his
homework after
school.
9. Sarah worked hard
on Thursday.
10. We left on
Saturday.
I ____ ____ __________ French.
I ______ __________ ‘Neighbours’.
Lisa ______ ___________ on Monday.
Sharon _____ _____ ___________ tonight.
Tracey _______ _________ that book.
They _______ _________ for one hour.
They _____ ________ 4 miles on Monday.
John ______ ______ his homework after
school.
Sarah _____ ________ hard on Thursday.
We _____ _________ on Saturday.
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The Past Tense
The past tense is the tense we use to say what has happened before and
is no longer happening.
Most ‘weak’ verbs add ‘ed’ to form the past tense.
E.g. walk = walked
call = called
‘Strong’ verbs change when they are put into the past tense.
Examples:
eat = ate
is = was
drink = drank
have = had
sing = sang
cry = cried
Task 8
Change the following sentences into the past tense.
1. I swim.
2. She cries at sad films.
3. John likes going on the roller
coaster.
4. We watch T.V. in the afternoons.
5. They run to the swing park.
6. They eat their food quickly.
7. Sam goes jogging in the park
regularly.
8. Joe is kicking a can.
9. Lisa is reading a comic.
10. The children clap after the
team score.
I ______________.
She ___________ at sad films.
John __________ going on the
roller coaster.
We ___________ T.V in the
afternoons.
They ________ to the swing park.
They ________ their food quickly.
Sam _________ in the park
regularly.
Joe _____________ a can.
Lisa _______ a comic.
The children __________ after the
team score.
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Active and Passive
Verbs can be used in two different ways. We call these active and
passive ‘voices.’
The Active Voice
Stuart pushed the trolley.
In this sentence, Stuart (the subject) is doing the action of pushing.
The Passive Voice
The trolley was pushed by Stuart.
Here, the trolley (subject) was having the action done to it.
The ‘active’ voice is stronger and more direct than the ‘passive’ voice.
The ‘active’ is normally shorter and easier but we use the ‘passive’ to
give a different emphasis.
Task 9
Change the following ‘active’ sentences into ‘passive’ sentences.
1. Lisa drank the juice.
The juice was _____________________________________________.
2. The cleaner waters the plants every week.
The plants are ____________________________________________.
3. We walk the dog every day.
The dog is _______________________________________________.
4. John collects Nadine from school.
Nadine is ________________________________________________.
5. The boy hid the watch.
The watch was ___________________________________________.
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Adverbs
Adverbs are words that tell us more about verbs and other words.
There are different types of adverbs:
Adverbs
of manner
manner
Tell us how something is
done. You can often spot
these as they end in ‘ly’.
Examples:
The train arrives slowly.
The girls skipped happily
Adverbs
of time
Adverbs
of place
Tell us
when
Tell us where
Examples:
I posted the letter yesterday.
I’ll get it later.
Examples:
Let’s meet here.
Put it over there.
Task 10
Choose one of the adverbs to fill in the blanks in the sentences. Only use
each word once.
slowly
loudly
quickly
angrily
brightly
1. I want you to shout ________________.
2. The sun shone _______________ when we were on holiday.
3. The baby crawled ______________ across the floor.
4. He glared ______________ at the boy.
5. The girl ran ______________ across the road.
Task 11
Change the following adjectives into adverbs.
1. calm = ____________
2. quiet = _______________
3. sad = _____________
4. frosty = ______________
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Pronouns
A pronoun is a word used to refer to a person or thing without giving a
name. This is used instead of a noun.
Examples:
it
she
he
them
us
myself
Task 12
Choose a pronoun from the list below and complete the following
sentences. Only use each pronoun once.
yourself
him
she
us
I
it
you
himself
some
any
1. Do ________ want to go to the cinema?
2. Our aunt gave ________ some sweets.
3. That is John’s book. It belongs to _________.
4. I made ten pounds. Did you make ____________?
5. Look after __________ when you are away.
6. This is Gillian’s picture that _________ painted.
7. _____ am going to the disco on Saturday.
8. Alan brushed his teeth and dressed _____________.
9. I’m having soup. Do you want ____________?
10.I can’t find the book. I’m sure I left ________ here.
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Relative Pronouns
Relative pronouns are used to refer to the nouns or pronouns which
have already been used earlier in the sentence. They are useful for
joining two sentences together.
E.g. This is a girl. Her mother is a clothes designer.
becomes
There is a girl whose mother is a clothes designer.
Relative Pronouns
Who/whom
Whose
Which
That
Use
Used for people.
Used mainly for people but can also refer to things.
Used for things and animals.
Used to replace ‘which’. It refers to things and
people.
Task 13
Complete the sentences below by filling in the blanks with an
appropriate relative pronoun.
1. I went swimming with Jackie _____________ lives next door to
me.
2. This is the top __________ I bought for the party.
3. I lost the ring ___________ my gran gave to me.
4. That is the girl __________ sister got married.
5. I finished the cake __________ my mum baked yesterday.
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Adjectives
An adjective is a word used to tell us more about a noun or pronoun.
E.g. She had sparkling green eyes
adjectives
noun
Task 14
Underline the adjectives in the following sentences.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
The hungry lion killed its prey.
The little boy held his mother’s hand when crossing the busy road.
The children believed the house was haunted.
John had brown, messy hair that fell over his eyes.
The house was massive!
Writers use adjectives to make their writing more interesting.
Adjectives can also add atmosphere.
E.g. ‘The screeching, icy wind howled through the bare, jagged tree branches of the
dark, desolate forest.’
The writer could have written simply ‘The wind blew through the
branches of the forest.’ However, here, the adjectives, screeching, icy,
bare, jagged, tree, dark and desolate help to create a bleak atmosphere.
Task 15
Write descriptive sentences using adjectives for the following scenes:
1. The ________ ____________ house looked haunted.
2. The ________ sun shone down on to the ________ ____________
beach.
3. The ____________ wind blew against the _________ hut.
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Forms of Adjectives
There are three forms of adjectives that you can use to describe a noun
or pronoun.
Forms
Ordinary
Add
Comparative ‘er’ or
‘more’
Superlative
‘est’ or
‘most’
Example 1
Lynne is young.
Lynne is younger than
Paula.
Susan is the youngest in
the class.
Example 2
The card is
special.
This card is
more special.
This one is the
most special.
Be careful, though, as not all adjectives follow the pattern above.
Task 16
Insert the correct form of the adjective using the word in the bracket.
1. Colin had the __________ test mark in the class. (bad)
2. Lynne is a __________ girl. (pretty)
3. Christine is ______________ than Claire. (old)
4. Liam is the _____________ boy of three. (small)
5. This CD is ____________________ than that one. (expensive)
6. Colin was ____________ than Amy. (tall)
7. That boulder was the ____________ one they had lifted. (heavy)
8. Those flowers are the ______________ I have seen. (bright)
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Conjunctions
Conjunctions are words used to join words or clauses. You should use
them in your own writing to lengthen you sentences and add variety.
Note: A clause is a group of words which acts as a single unit and is built
around a verb.
E.g. He lives in America.
Verb
Task 17
Use one of the conjunctions in the list below to join two of the sentences
together. Write the completed sentence below. Only use each
conjunction once. The first one has been done for you.
then
but
if
until
because
1. Susan got up at ten.
A. You water the flowers.
2. John drinks coffee.
B. She went to bed.
3. I will clean the car.
C. This programme is over.
4. I won’t go to bed.
D. She was on holiday.
5. Stacy brushed her teeth.
E. He doesn’t drink tea.
1. Susan got up at ten because she was on holiday._________________
2. _________________________________________________________
3. _________________________________________________________
4. _________________________________________________________
5. _________________________________________________________
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Prepositions
Prepositions are the words used to show what one person or thing has
to do with another person or thing.
Examples:
Over
Under
Between
On
Task 18
Choose a preposition from the list and complete the following
sentences. Use each preposition only once.
on
past
before
up
over
near
into
under
1. Put the lid ________________ the potato pot please.
2. Your jacket is in the cupboard _____________ the stairs.
3. Her house is the first one _______________ the sweet shop.
4. The boy climbed _____________ the fence to escape.
5. I’ll drop you off ________________ your house.
6. We will need to get _________________ at 8 o’clock tomorrow
morning.
7. Put your toys back ___________ the toy box!
8. Brush your teeth ______________ you go to bed.
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Sentence Types
Sentences finish with different punctuation marks depending on the
sentence type.
A STATEMENT ends with a full stop. E.g. We’ve got the best bargains.
A QUESTION ends with a question mark. E.g. Have you booked a
holiday?
An IMPERATIVE statement (command) ends with a full stop. E.g. Send
for our brochure today.
An EXCLAMATION ends with an exclamation mark. E.g. What a bargain!
Task 19
Complete the following sentences by adding the correct punctuation
mark and stating what type of sentence it is.
Sentence
E.g. Did you buy any chocolate today
1. We went for a walk yesterday
Punctuation Sentence Type
?
Question
2. Are you busy tomorrow evening
3. You can’t wear that
4. Can you afford to miss this
opportunity
5. Where are you going on holiday
this year
6. It was amazing
7. Go to the shops now
8. I will be twenty on my birthday
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Alphabetical Order
When you are asked to put words into alphabetical order, you begin by
looking at the first letter of each word. The word that begins with the
letter nearest the beginning of the alphabet comes first.
If two or more words begin with the same letter then you should look at
the next letter in each word and apply the same rules.
E.g. carrot  clay crayon
Task 20
Put the following lists of words into alphabetical order.
1. Chair
Desk
Computer
Folder
Book
Cat
Mouse
Horse
2. Monkey
Dog
3. House
Caravan
4. Canada
Japan
France
Australia
5. Where
When
Why
Who
Bungalow
Flat
Iceland
What
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Exclamation Marks
Exclamation marks are used to mark the end of a sentence which shows
a strong emotion such as joy:
What a day it has been!
or excitement:
They made it to the finals!
Exclamation marks are often used for brief commands or instructions:
Turn out that light!
Be quiet!
Task 1
Add an exclamation mark to the sentences that need one.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
I thought it was not at all believable.
Unbelievable.
That was stupendous.
It had been an okay day.
She won the race.
It was horrific.
Close that door.
I was wondering if you could keep the noise down a little bit.
Keep the noise down.
Be quiet.
Now write down 3 sentences that need an exclamation mark:
1._________________________________________________________
2. _________________________________________________________
3. _________________________________________________________
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Question Marks
A direct question is something like direct speech where the actual words
spoken are written down:
What do you want for pudding?
Indirect questions do not use the exact words of a question and so do
not need a question mark. The words of the question are reported, as in
indirect speech:
The policeman was asked whether he had any clues.
Task 2
Add question marks to the sentences that require them. Think about
whether they are indirect or direct questions.
1.
I asked whether she wanted to come
2.
What is the matter with you
3.
What time is the last train
4.
I asked him what the matter was
5.
How was your holiday
6.
He asked about her health
7.
Julie asked Chloe why she had been so late
8.
When will you arrive
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Colons
A colon is used before a list:
The following were nominated for the award: Higgins, Hopkins
and Healy.
A colon can also be used to show that a quotation will follow:
She used the following quotation:
‘This too shall pass.’
Task 3
Add colons to the following sentences:
1.
2.
3.
He needed four ingredients flour, yeast, milk and eggs.
Aladdin remembered the magic words
‘Open Sesame!’
Our last five games are against the following opposition
Melbourne, Sydney, Adelaide, Perth and Tasmania.
Now write down 3 sentences that need a colon:
1._________________________________________________________
2. _________________________________________________________
3. _________________________________________________________
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Semi-Colons
These definitions are very simplified!
A semi-colon is used to separate two closely connected statements
which are of equal importance.
They are either in contrast or the second one explains the first.
e.g. John is very tall; his sister is very short.
(contrast)
John is very tall; he takes after his parents. (explanation)
Semi-colons can also be used in lists to separate items of several words.
e.g. For this recipe I need the following: four steaks; about a quarterof-an-inch thick; several shallots; some sour cream and some cooking
brandy.
Task 4
Add in the semi colons to the following sentences:
1. Craig joined the Army Darren joined the Marines.
2. It was the best of times it was the worst of times.
3. Terry always slept with the light on he was afraid of the dark.
4. Greece is a beautiful country the people are friendly and the
beaches are empty.
5. I hate rice pudding dairy products don't agree with me.
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The Apostrophe
Possession
We often use an apostrophe to show who something belongs to. The
position of the apostrophe depends on the number of owners. You
should put the apostrophe before the ‘s’ if it is singular and put it after
the ‘s’ if it is plural.
Examples:
The cat’s basket = the basket belonging to the cat. (1 cat)
The cats’ basket = the basket belonging to the cats. (more than 1 cat)
Exception to the rule:
Put the apostrophe before the ‘s’ if the plural of the word is different
from the singular.
Examples:
The child’s toys were in a box.
The children’s toys were in a box.
Task 5
Add an apostrophe to the following phrases:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
The dogs bone. (1 dog)
The dogs ball. (2 dogs)
The girls dresses. (2 girls)
The elephants tusks. (1 elephant)
The ladys hat.
Contraction
Apostrophes can also be used to abbreviate words. The apostrophe is
placed where the missing letters would be.
Examples
Cannot can’t
I am  I’m
Task 6
Use apostrophes to shorten the following words and phrases.
1. Should have
2. Could not
3. Let us
4. She is




__________________
__________________
__________________
__________________
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Inverted Commas
Inverted commas (“ ”)are used to mark speech. Only the words that
have actually been said are placed inside the inverted commas.
E.g. “My name is John,” he said.
He said, “My name is John.”
When what is actually said comes before who said it, a comma, an
exclamation mark or a question mark is placed before the inverted
commas are closed. When what is said comes after who said it, a comma
is placed before the inverted commas are opened.
Task 6
Complete the following sentences. Put inverted commas around the
words actually said. Add in the necessary commas, question marks and
exclamation marks.
1. I need to go to the hospital she moaned.
2. Where is the train station enquired Jason.
3. He shouted go to your room now.
4. Claire asked are you going out tonight.
5. Over here shouted Connor. Sarah replied no, this way.
Single inverted commas (‘ ‘) are used for the titles of books, films, songs
etc.
Examples:
‘Hollyoaks’
‘Matilda’
‘Jaws’
Task 7
Add capitals and single inverted commas to the titles below.
1. Did you see coronation street last night?
2. I read the tulip touch by Ann Fine.
3. My mum buys bella magazine every week.
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