Download Body Systems Review: Skeletal, Muscular, Integumentary, Digestive

Body Systems Review: Skeletal, Muscular, Integumentary, Digestive and Excretory
Systems – 2017
1. List the 5 different types of joints we discussed and an example of each:
a. Hinge – example: _ELBOW, KNEE, KNUCKLES, TOES____
b. _FIXED/IMMOVABLE - example is the skull
c. Ball and Socket – example: __SHOULDER/HIP______
d. _GLIDING_ - example is the wrist, ankle
e. _PIVOT_ - example is the neck
2. What is the difference between cartilage and bone?
BONE IS FIRM/CARTILAGE IS RUBBERY TO CREATE CUSHION BETWEEN
BONES IN JOINTS
3. What is compact bone? __HARD, STRONG LAYER OF BONE CONTAINING
CALCIUM/OUTER PART
4. The spongy bone’s function is to: __PRODUCE RED BLOOD CELLS/FOUND NEAR THE
END OF LONG BONE__
5. Why is cartilage important? _CREATES CUSHION IN JOINTS___
6. Why are minerals such as calcium important nutrients? THEY MAKE BONES HARD AND
STRONG WITHOUT
7. What are the different types of muscle & where are they located?
a. _CARDIAC_ - found only in the heart/involuntary/striated
b. __SKELETAL _ - most common type/allows movement and are voluntary/striated
c. Smooth muscle - __FOUND IN INTERNAL ORGANS/SMOOTH LINED_____
8. How are muscles cells different than other cells in the body? THEY WORK TOGETHER
IN PAIRS TO CONTRACT AND RELAX
9. What are the 3 layers of skin and their function?
a. _EPIDERMIS_: top layer that protects, helps with synthesis of Vit D, contains dead
skin cells that can rub off, release sweat to cool body
b. Dermis: _MIDDLE LAYER, CONTAINS NERVE CELLS, SWEAT GLANDS, BLOOD
VESSELS__
c. HYPODERMIS_ : fatty layer that protects organs/insulates body
10.
What is the function of the Integumentary System?
TO PROTECT THE INNER ORGANS OF THE BODY
11.What are the levels of organization:
cells - _TISSUES_ - organs - _ORGAN_
SYSTEM_ - organism
12.An example of a tissue is __MUSCLE _
13.An example of an organ is __LUNG, HEART__
14.Sweating when it is hot and getting goose bumps or shivering when it is cold is
the_INTEGUMENTARY_ system adjusting to the environmental changes.
15.What are some of the functions of the skeletal system?
a. Provide ATTACHMENT POINT
for MUSCLES
b. Allow _MOVEMENT of bones
c. __PROTECT_ vital organs
16.Which two body systems work together to create movement
A. SKELETEL
b. MUSCULAR
17.What is the function of the muscular system?
TO ALLOW THE BODY TO BALANCE AND MOVE
18. Muscle cells work together to contract_ and _RELAX_, while other cells do not do this
19. Tendons attach _MUSCLES_ to __BONES__
20. Ligaments attach
BONE_ to __BONE____
21.What is melanin? __THE PIGMENT THAT GIVES SKIN ITS COLOR AND PROTECTS
SKIN FROM BURNING IN SUNLIGHT__
22. The __KIDNEYS ARE the major organ of the urinary/excretory system.
23.What is the function of the excretory system? USING THE KIDNEYS - FILTER WASTE
FROM THE BLOOD AND PRODUCE URINE
24.
Why is it important for your body to sweat? IF YOU DON’T SWEAT YOUR BODY
IS UNABLE TO RELEASE WASTE AND REGULATE OR CONTROL YOUR BODY’S
TEMPERATURE
25. Label the following: