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7.1 ROME AND BYZANTINE EMPIRES TRUTH OR DARE FALSE T Inflation was an internal weakness of Rome that occurred when Roman government made more coins, making it less valuable. F Justinian I was the first Roman emperor to accept Christianity and allowed Christians to worship freely. CONSTANTINE I F Aqueducts and roads are examples of Roman art. ENGINEERING T Citizenship is the idea of being a full member of a nation that includes rights and laws. F Invading Germanic tribes were an example of an internal weakness of Rome. EXTERNAL F Constantine moved the capital of the Roman Empire east to the city of Baghdad. CONSTANTINOPLE (BYZANTIUM) T Roman sculpture was special because of its lifelike appearance. T Diocletian is the Roman emperor who divided the empire into four pieces to make it easier to rule. F The Roman Catholic Church was led by the emperor of the Byzantine Empire. POPE F Emperor Leo III was excommunicated after ordering that all churches in the Byzantine Empire were to be destroyed. ICONS T Rome fell when Emperor Romulus Augustus was conquered by barbarians. F Justinian’s Code was a secret code for sending messages to the Byzantine military. SYSTEMATIC BODY OF LAWS BASED ON OLD ROMAN LEGAL CODES. F The two famous chariot teams of Constantinople were the Reds and the Whites. BLUES AND GREENS T Domes and stadiums are examples of Roman architecture. T A strong organized military helped Rome to expand its border throughout Europe and into Africa and Asia. T The Eastern Roman Empire became known as the Byzantine Empire. F Spanish was the official language of Rome. LATIN 7.2 MUSLIM EMPIRE Your favorite teacher Contains the messages of Allah revealed to Muhammad Qur’an © Loyola Marymount University/CMAST Military conquest Astronomy Muslims borrowed ideas about this from the Greeks Lifestyle of constant travel in search of food and water Nomadic Makkah (Mecca) Conquered by the Ottoman Turks Sunni Muslims Muslim law code that places the actions of Muslims into five categories Shari’ah The Muslim Empire gained most of their lands this way The prophet of Islam Personal battle against evil within oneself Jihad Jerusalem City that Muhammad traveled to on his Night Journey, also important to Jews and Christians Place of Muhammad’s birth and location of the Ka’ba People from all over the world came to these centers of learning built by Muslims Muslims had tolerance for Jews and Christians because they had written holy books Universities People of the Book Study of math created by Islamic scholars Muhammad Peninsula where the Islamic faith began Muslims preserved writings about government and philosophy from these two cultures Algebra Gabriel Angel that delivered the word of Allah to Muhammad Arabia Greeks and Romans Mr. Mercado Arabic Sunnah The Ka’ba in Makkah was built by this prophet Abraham Islamic pilgrimage to Makkah Believe that leaders of Islam should be descendents of Muhammad through Ali Shi’a Hajj Unified Arabia before Muhammad was born, official language or the Muslim Empire Contains the words and deeds of Muhammad 5 Pillars of Faith Primary duties of Muslims Byzantine Empire Accepted new Umayyad ruler after the death of Ali Standard 7.4 West Africa : GRAPES DIG Italy Spain Mediterranean Sea Taghaza SAHARA Senegal River Kumbi ARABIA Timbuktu Jenne jeno Niger River Wangara ATLANTIC OCEAN INDIAN OCEAN GHANA MALI SONGHAI The Niger River served as a natural highway for trade and provided fertile soil for agriculture Northern Africa was controlled by Muslims as of the 700s CE Ghana's location between Saharan salt mines and Southern gold mines helped it to gain wealth Many West Africans adopted the teachings of the Qur'an and the 5 Pillars of Faith After the introduction of Islam, West Africans practiced patrilineal succession of power (father to son) G West Africans practiced ancestor worship before and after Islam was brought by Arab traders Cities with strong militaries conquered neighbors and collected tribute as kingdoms West Africa adopted Shari'ah (the Muslim law code) which was based in the Qur'an and the Sunnah The Nok were the first people in West Africa to use iron technology Mansa Musa went on a hajj (pilgrimage) that brought attention to Mali Gold from West Africa was used to make coins in the Roman and Muslim empires Family based communities eventually grew into kingdoms because of success with trade. Arabic becomes the language of trade, education, and government Early family based communities settled in the savannas south of the Sahara ANSWER KEY The introduction of camels increased trans-Saharan trade Carvans of North African traders crossed the desert to trade salt for gold. Salt was an important trade good found in the Sahara, it was used to preserve food R A P E S Timbuktu became a major learning center with universities and libraries