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Chapters 4-5 Problem Set 1. In one to two sentences, give the function of each of the following organelles/ structures, AND state which overall cellular process it belongs to (Manufacturing, Breakdown, Energy, Structure). Lysosomes: Cellular Process: _______________________ Function: ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________. Microfilaments: Cellular Process: _______________________ Function: ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________. Rough ER: Cellular Process: _______________________ Function: ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________. Mitochondria: Cellular Process: _______________________ Function: ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________. Ribosomes: Cellular Process: _______________________ Function: ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________. 2. What are the three different types of junctions that exist between animal cells, and what are their functions? Junction: ___________________ Function: _____________________________ Junction: ___________________ Function: _____________________________ Junction: ___________________ Function: _____________________________ 3. What type of junction exists between plant cells, and what is its function? Junction: ___________________ Function: _____________________________ 4. What classes of macromolecules can exist in or on the membrane of a cell? 5. Give an example of an ion/molecule that could permeate a cellular membrane without the need for facilitated diffusion. 6. Give an example of an ion/molecule would required facilitated diffusion to move across a cellular membrane. Use the picture below to answer questions 7-8 Outside of cell Inside of cell Legend 7. Please state which direction each of the ions/molecules will move if they were to move down their concentration gradient (ex. From the inside of the cell to the outside of the cell). O2: _________________________________________________________________ Na+: _________________________________________________________________ K+: _________________________________________________________________ 8. Please state if the following would require active transport, passive transport, or neither. Movement of O2 from the outside of the cell to the inside of the cell: ________________ Movement of Na+ from the outside of the cell to the inside of the cell: _______________ Movement of K+ from the outside of the cell to the inside of the cell: ________________ 9. Given the following examples, please state if the solution that the cell is placed into is hypertonic, hypotonic, or isotonic. A red blood cell is placed into a solution, and over time, the cell begins to lose mass. Tonicity: _________________ A red blood cell has a sodium chloride concentration of 0.9%. The red blood cell is placed into a solution with a sodium chloride concentration on 0.45%. Tonicity: _________________ A plant cell is placed into a solution, and water flows in and out of the cell at an equal rate. Tonicity: __________________