Download Muscular System Study Guide KD12

Muscular System Study Guide
1. Label
the
diagram
to
the
right
with:
fascile,
tendon,
muscle
fiber,
endomysium,
epimysium,
perimysium,
Bone
!asc%a 2. Place
the
following
words
in
order
from
largest
to
smallest:
fascicle,
myofilament,
myofibril,
myofiber
(muscle
cell),
sarcomere
3. List
the
5
functions
of
the
muscular
system
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
______________________________
______________________________
______________________________
______________________________
______________________________
'xon of ,o-or neuron X
4. Label
the
following:
sarcomere,,
myosin,
and
actin
on
the
figure
to
the
right.
5. Thick
filament
fibers
in
myofibrils
are
_________
while
thin
filaments
are
called
________.
6. For
each
step
in
the
diagram
describe
the
state
of
contraction
for
the
sarcomere.
a) Sarcomere
is
___________________________
b) Sarcomere
is
beginning
to
__________________________
• ___________________
slides
toward
the
center,
as
it
is
pulled
by
the
______________________
crossbridges
c) Sarcomere
is
____________________________
7. __________________________
is
the
neurotransmitter
that
is
released
to
stimulate
the
muscle.
8. What
two
ions
are
exchanged
when
the
neurotransmitter
opens
the
gates
on
the
membrane
of
the
muscle
fiber?
________
&
_________
9. What
ion
is
stored
by
the
sarcoplasmic
reticulum
and
starts
muscle
contraction?
___________
10. Place
the
following
steps
in
order
of
how
a
muscle
contracts
a) neuron
releases
a
neurotransmitter
to
stimulate
the
muscle
b) myosin
heads
attach
to
the
actin
filaments
c) ATP
is
converted
to
ADP
when
the
myosin
head
change
shape
pulling
the
actin
filament
d) Myosin
heads
pull
the
actin
filament
together
e) Sarcoplasmic
reticulum
release
calcium
ions
11. Describe
the
sliding
filament
theory
of
muscle
contraction.
WORD BANK:
12. Match
the
following
terms
using
the
word
bank:
muscle fiber
a. connective
tissues
that
joins
muscle
to
bone
________________________
adduction
b. another
name
for
muscle
cell
________________________
sarcolemma
c. type
of
protein
filament
(2
answers)
____________
,
______________
tendon
d. movement
of
muscles
in
a
circular
motion
________________________
prime mover
e. movement
of
muscles
towards
the
midline
________________________
abduction
f. movement
of
muscles
away
from
the
midline
________________________
actin
g. cell
membrane
of
the
muscle
________________________
Circumduction
h. muscle
responsible
for
primary
movement
________________________
myosin
13. Identify
if
this
would
be
anaerobic
(fermentation),
aerobic
respiration,
creatine
phosphate
1.
Sprint
60
meters
in
5‐10
sec
_____________________
2.
Walking
45
minutes
_____________________
3.
Creates
only
2
ATP
_____________________
4.
Creates
36
ATP
_____________________
5.
Lactic
acid
is
created
_____________________
14. (Aerobic/
Anaerobic)
exercise
would
create
the
most
amount
of
energy
for
muscle
contraction.
15. The
depletion
of
____________
causes
muscles
to
fatigue.
16. Muscles
produce
different
amounts
of
force
because
of
different
numbers
of
muscle
fibers
contracting.
(True
or
False)
17. An
inherited
disease
that
causes
muscles
to
degenerate
and
atrophy
is
called
___________________________________.
18. A
strain
involves
the
overextension
of
a
_______________
while
a
sprain
injures
the
_________________.
19. What
is
the
best
way
to
maintain
our
muscle
mass
and
strength
as
one
ages?
_____________________
20. The
end
of
the
muscle
that
is
attached
to
the
moving
bone
is
called
the
______________________,
while
the
muscle
that
is
attached
to
the
non‐moving
bone
is
called
the
____________________.
21. Identify
if
these
muscle
pairs
are
antagonist
or
synergistic
a.
flexor
digitorum
and
extensor
digitorum
_____________________
b.
gastrocnemius
and
tibialis
anterior
_____________________
c.
biceps
brachii
and
triceps
brachii
_____________________
d.
rectus
abdominius
and
external
oblique
_____________________
22. Extensor
muscles
cause
bones
to
(straighten/bend)
at
the
joint
while
flexors
(straighten/bend).
23. Muscle
work
in
_________________________
pairs.
Ex:
biceps
flexes
and
triceps
extends
when
elbow
is
flexed.
24. List
the
ways
muscles
are
named.
(at
least
3)
Muscular System Study Guide
25. Match
each
description
with
the
correct
muscle:
Word Bank
____________________
1.
bending
of
the
knee
would
flex
the
_______
1. biceps brachii
____________________
2.
muscle
group
that
adducts
leg
2. sternocleidomastoid
____________________
3.
bending
of
elbow
flexes
the
_______
3. triceps brachii
____________________
4.
bending
the
elbow
extends
the
________
4. inner thigh adductor group
____________________
5.
turns
the
head
5. hamstrings
____________________
6.
raises
the
eyebrow
6. frontalis
____________________
7.
closes
jaw
and
allows
for
chewing
7. masseter
____________________
8.
muscles
of
6‐pack
stomach
8. rectus abdominus
____________________
9.
muscle
that
flexes
for
“dancers
toes”
9. gastrocnemius
___________________
10
adducts
arm
at
shoulder
point
10. obicularis orsis
___________________
11.
closes
the
eye
11. deltoid
___________________
12.
kissing
muscle
12. obicularis oculi
27.
Label
each
of
the
following
muscles.
You
are
responsible
for
knowing
their
location
on
the
test.
Muscles of the arms & legs
Muscles
of the head & neck
Muscles of the trunk (anterior & posterior)
Gluteus
maximus
Masseter
Rectus abdominus
Biceps brachii
Obicularis orsis
External oblique
Triceps
brachii
Obicularis oculi
Pectoralis major
Sartorius
Frontalis
Latissimus dorsi
Quadriceps
femoris
group
Zygomaticus
Trapezius
Deltoid
Sternocleidomastoid
Adductor group
Hamstring group
Gastrocnemius