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Dynamic Planet Vocabulary Need To Know Model A representation of a thing or concept that can be tested or observed Evidence Data or observations that are used to support or reject a hypothesis, used in a conclusion Lithosphere The crust and upper part of the mantle, made of solid rock Asthenosphere The mantle, under the lithosphere, made of liquid rock (thick like oatmeal) Outer Core The earth’s layer below the Asthenosphere, made of liquid iron Inner Core The center of the earth, made of solid iron Convection The process when melted rock in the Asthenosphere heats, rises, Cell moves sideways, cools and sinks; will move plates as it moves sideways Tectonic Plate Large sheets of the lithospheric crust that are moved by convection cells Dynamic Changing, A dynamic planet is a planet changes over time. Volcano A vent in the Earth’s lithosphere where magma, gases and ash escape Earthquake Vibrations caused by the release of stress when two plates move past each other Fault Where two lithosphere plates move past, toward or away from each other Subduction When two plates move toward each other and one is pushed Zone underneath the other. Pangea The original location of the earth’s plates when all the continents were joined together into one super-continent Geosphere The Earth system that contains all of the Earth’s layers. Optional (will cover more later) Stress Energy built up between two plates as they slowly slide past each other, released as vibrations -> Earthquake Hot Spot A place in the earth’s lithosphere where magma from the Asthenosphere reaches the earth’s surface Mid-Ocean Found where two plates move away from each other, magma Ridge moves up from the Asthenosphere to fill in the empty space.