Download 2016 Summer Session - Slide Deck

Nature’s rhythms:
Using Nature’s Notebook to track seasonal &
long term environmental change
July 13, 2016
LoriAnne Barnett
Education Coordinator
Objectives of today’s class:
 Define phenology and explain its
applicability to understanding changes in the
natural world
 Understand the importance of recordkeeping.
 Understand long-term phenology monitoring.
 Apply phenology as a service learning
project!
PHENOLOGY
phRenology – a
phOnology – a
pseudoscience focused on
measurements of the
human skull and size of
the brain
branch of linguistics
concerned with the
organization of sounds in
language
Just to be clear…
Activity 1
What do I KNOW about PHENOLOGY?!
What do I WANT TO KNOW?
THINK, PAIR, SHARE
In class worksheet - 5 minutes
What is phenology?
The science of the seasons
• Blooms and buds
• Hibernation, migration,
emergence
• Easy to observe
Photo credit: P. Warren
…it is the study of the timing of
recurring plant and animal lifecycle stages, or phenophases,
and their relationship to
environmental conditions.
Photo credit: L. Barnett
Who observes phenology?
Photo credit: P. Warren
• Scientists
• Gardeners/Agriculturists
• Land managers
• Educators
• Youth
Photo credit: S. Schaffer
Photo credit: C. Enquist
PLANT
Leaves
Flowers
Fruits
Observable life cycle events or
PHENOPHASES
ANIMAL >> Mammal, Bird, Snake, Insect
Activity
Reproduction
Development
Method
Ecology
& PHENOLOGY
-Mark Twain
Climate
Long-term average
of daily
weather in a given
area.
It is about…
…time
Weather
Day-to-day changes in the
Earth’s atmosphere.
"Bagatelle potager02" by Spedona (Spedona) - Cliché personnel - own work. Licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0 via Wikimedia Commons
Vegetable Gardening
Understanding outdoor recreation
schedules
• Feeding times
• Following brackish
waters
• Water
temperature
• Spawning times
related to temp 55° - 68° F in
Chesapeake Bay.
April peak?
Chesapeake Bay Spring
Season for Striped Bass =
May 16 – June 16
Photo credit: E. Stemmy
Image credit: John McColgan –U.S. Department of Agriculture. Licensed under Public Domain via Wikimedia
Land management decisions
Observations
RECORD KEEPING
Using nature as a guide
Tradition and Lore
November -Beaver Moon
September – Harvest Moon
Photo credit: B. Powell
February – Full Worm Moon
May – Full Flower Moon
“Tribes kept track of seasons by
giving distinct names to each
recurring full moon.”
http://www.farmersalmanac.com/full-moon-names/
Photo Credits: Wikimedia Commons unless otherwise noted
Photo credit: L. Barnett
Jefferson
Thoreau
Powell
Acer rubrum (red maple); Photo credit: D. Hartel
Observing the same individual through the seasons
Phenology
CLIMATE CHANGE
Bowers, J. E., Southwestern Naturalist. 2007.
http://www.southwestclimatechange.org/impacts/land/phenology
Shrubs in the Sonoran Desert Bloomed
10-41 days earlier between 1841 and 2004
Earlier
Bloom
Times
Phenology and Climate Change
Research, spring timing and range
A three-way mismatch
EARLIER
English Oak
Winter Moth
SAME TIME EACH YEAR
Pied Flycatcher
Both et al. 2006 Nature
EARLIER
Photo credit: Monticello
Garden re-created
Cloned lilac program
Photo credit: L. Barnett
HISTORIC LILAC NETWORK
ESTABLISHED IN THE 1950S
Photo credit: L. Barnett
SANTA RITA
EXPERIMENTAL RANGE,
GREEN VALLEY, AZ
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Collected by a single individual
1984-present
1480+ round-trip hikes (10 miles), 4158’ elevation gain
Approximately weekly
587 flowering plant taxa (group of species)
155K+ records of plant flowering.
73,000 vertebrate records
Photo credit: B. Wilder
Observations
SHARED FOR SCIENCE
Primary goal
• Create a standardized, long-term
dataset for use in multiple types
of research.
UNDERSTAND HOW SPECIES AND
LANDSCAPES ARE RESPONDING TO
CLIMATE CHANGE.
Mission
• Make phenology data, models
and related information
available.
• Encourage people of all ages and
backgrounds to observe and
record phenology.
Photo credit: C. Enquist
Photo credit: L. Romano
Citizen science …
 scientific research conducted, in whole or in part,
by amateurs or nonprofessionals
 public participation in scientific research
 (also known as) crowd science, crowd-sourced
science, or networked science
Quercus alba, Q. falcata, D. Hartel
•
•
•
•
•
6,415 active observers
7,809 active sites
5.9M+ records
Lilac data from 1956
1016 taxa from 2009
PLANT
Flowers
Leaves
 Young leaves
 Leaves
 Colored leaves
ANIMAL
Activity
 Active
individuals
 Feeding
Fruits
 Flowers or
flower buds
 Open flowers
 Ripe fruits
 Recent seed
or fruit drop
PHENOPHASES
Reproduction
 Male combat
 Mating
Development
 Young
individuals
 Dead
individuals
Method
 Individuals
at a feeding
station
…How Many?
Leaves
Fruits
Velvet mesquite, Prosopis velutina
Image credit: Patty Guertin
Flowers
One or more open, fresh flowers
are visible on the plant. Flowers
are considered "open" when the
reproductive parts (male stamens
or female pistils) are visible
between or within unfolded or
open flower parts (petals, floral
tubes or sepals). Do not include
wilted or dried flowers.
Velvet mesquite, Prosopis velutina
Image credit: Patty Guertin
Do you see…open flowers?
What percentage of all fresh flowers are open?
Less than 5%
5% - 24%
25% - 49%
50% - 74%
Select the most appropriate bin
Write the bin number on the line
75% - 94%
Image credit: Patty Guertin
95% or more
Photo from All About Birds
Acorn Woodpecker
Breaking leaf buds
Leaves
Colored leaves
Increasing leaf size
Flowers or Flower Buds
Open Flowers
Fruits
Ripe Fruits
Recent fruit or
seed drop
DECIDUOUS PLANT PHENOPHASES
Activity 2
What ELSE do I need to know before I
get started observing phenology for
Nature’s Notebook ?
THINK, PAIR, SHARE
In class worksheet - 5 minutes
Homework assignment – 45 minutes
One or more open, fresh flowers
are visible on the plant. Flowers
are considered "open" when the
reproductive parts (male stamens
or female pistils) are visible
between or within unfolded or
open flower parts (petals, floral
tubes or sepals). Do not include
wilted or dried flowers.
Velvet mesquite, Prosopis velutina
Image credit: Patty Guertin
Do you see…open flowers?
Resources
www.usanpn.org/nn/guidelines
Next Steps
NATURE’S NOTEBOOK
Image credit: Patty Guertin
Velvet mesquite, Prosopis velutina
Activity 3
Select a Species
10 minutes
Objectives of today’s class:
 Define phenology and explain its
applicability to understanding changes in the
natural world
 Understand the importance of recordkeeping.
 Understand long-term phenology monitoring.
 Apply phenology as a service learning
project!
 Learn where to find resources to get started.
Activity 4
What did I LEARN about PHENOLOGY
and Nature’s Notebook?
Reflection sheet – homework assignment – 5 minutes
Activity 5
INTRODUCTION TO OBSERVATION
Homework Assignment - 45 minutes
Activity 6
EXPLORE species in Krutch Garden,
datasheets, and phenophase definitions
Homework Assignment - 45 minutes
Connect with USA-NPN…
• Become an observer
• Discover new tools and
resources
• Visit a local phenology
trail
www.facebook.com/USANPN
www.pinterest.com/USANPN
www.twitter.com/@loriannebarnett
www.instagram/tucson_phenology_trail
LoriAnne Barnett
[email protected]
Closing activity–
Explore tagged plants and make
observations outside
15 minutes
Join me on Monday, July 25 @ 9:00 am
At the Krutch Garden for a “coffee walk”,
to learn how to collect data. Office hours
out there every 4th FRIDAY of the
semester.