Download Physics Christmas Assignment In order to retake the 9 week test

Physics Christmas Assignment
In order to retake the 9 week test, you must complete this
assignment first.
DUE TUESDAY JANUARY 5, 2016 BY 8AM
The retake will be on January 5, 2016, from 7:45am- 8:30am ONLY.
It is your job to make plans to be here.
Circular Motion
Fc= mac
ac= v2/ r
Universal Gravitation
F= G (m1m2)
r2
For projectiles
x=voxt
h=1/2 gt2
a2 +b2= c2
G= 6.67x10-11 N•m2
kg2
to find sides
sin(θ) = opp/hyp
cos(θ) =adj/hyp
tan(θ) =opp/adj
to find angles
sin-1( opp/hyp)= θ
cos-1(adj/hyp)= θ
tan-1(opp/adj)= θ
Work, Energy, Power, Momentum
v =d/t
KE = ½ mv2
GPE = mgh OR Fg h OR weight x height
Wtotal =Fd = ∆KE=change in kinetic energy = KEf - KEi = ½ mvf 2 - ½
mvi 2
g= 9.8m/s2
ME = KE + PE= ½ mv 2 + mgh
PE=KE
therefore GPE= KE= EPE= mgh=½ mv2=½ kx2
P=W/t
p=mv
MUST SHOW ALL CALCULATION WORK ON A SEPARATE
SHEET AND STAPLE TO THIS SHEET.
Letter Answers
1.
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2.
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8.
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9.
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10. ______ 31. ______ 52. ______ 73. ______
11. ______ 32. ______ 53. ______ 74. ______
12. ______ 33. ______ 54. ______ 75. ______
13. ______ 34. ______ 55. ______ 76. ______
14. ______ 35. ______ 56. ______ 77. ______
15. ______ 36. ______ 57. ______ 78. ______
16. ______ 37. ______ 58. ______ 79. ______
17. ______ 38. ______ 59. ______ 80. ______
18. ______ 39. ______ 60. ______ 81. ______
19. ______ 40. ______ 61. ______
20. ______ 41. ______ 62. ______
21. ______ 42. ______ 63. ______
1
A projectile is fired from a gun near the surface of Earth. The initial velocity of the
projectile has a vertical component of 98 meters per second and a horizontal
component of 49 meters per second. How long will it take the projectile to reach the
highest point in its path?
A 5.0 s
B 10. s
C 20. s
D 100. s
2
Four projectiles, A, B, C, and D, were launched from, and returned to, level ground.
The data table below shows the initial horizontal speed, initial vertical speed, and time
of flight for each projectile.
Which projectile traveled the greatest horizontal distance?
F A
G B
H C
J D
3
Four cannonballs, each with mass M and initial velocity V, are fired from a cannon at
different angles with the horizontal. Which angular direction of the cannon produces the
greatest projectile height?
A 20°
B 45°
C 70°
D 90°
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4
t the top of a projectile's path above
Earth, the acceleration of an object
—
F is zero
G goes from positive to negative
H goes from negative to positive
J remains unchanged
5
A 0.50-kilogram object moves in a horizontal circular path with a radius of 0.25
meter at a constant speed of 4.0 meters per second. What is the magnitude of the
object's acceleration?
A 8.0 m/s2
B 16 m/s2
C 32 m/s2
D 64 m/s2
6
An amusement park ride moves a rider at a constant speed of 14 meters per second
in a horizontal circular path of radius 10. meters. What is the rider's centripetal
acceleration in terms of g, the acceleration due to gravity?
F 0g
G 1g
H 2g
J 3g
7
An object travels in a circular path of radius 5.0 meters at a uniform speed of
10. meters per second. What is the magnitude of the object's centripetal acceleration?
A 2.0 m/s2
B 5.0 m/s2
C 10.0 m/s2
D 20. m/s2
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8
The diagram below represents a ball traveling with a uniform clockwise circular
motion on a string.
Which of the following best represents the directions of both the velocity and
centripetal acceleration of the ball at the instant shown in the diagram?
F
G
H
J
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9
The diagram below represents an object traveling clockwise in a horizontal, circular
path at constant speed.
Which of the following arrows best represents the direction of the centripetal
acceleration of the object at the instant shown?
A
B
C
D
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10
A 1750-kilogram car travels at a constant speed of 15.0 meters per second around a
horizontal, circular track with a radius of 45.0 meters. What is the magnitude of the
centripetal force acting on the car?
F 5.00 N
G 583 N
H 8750 N
J 3.94 × 105 N
11
A ball attached to a string is moved at constant speed in a horizontal, circular path. A
target is located near the path of the ball as shown in the diagram below.
At which point along the ball's path should the string be released if the ball is to hit
the target?
A A
B B
C C
D D
12
Why was the Law of Universal Gravitation an important contribution to
the development of the concept of gravity?
F It put forth the idea that the force of gravity on an object is equal to the object's
mass multiplied by its acceleration.
G It put forth the idea that the force of gravity on an object is dependent upon the
object's mass and how high it is lifted.
H It put forth the idea that all objects will fall at the same velocity due to gravity.
J It put forth the idea that all objects exert a gravitational force on each other.
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13
Point objects A and B are separated by distance R. Object A exerts a gravitational
force of F on object B. If the mass of A is doubled and distance R is tripled, what is
the new gravitational force that A exerts on B?
A
F
B
F
C
F
D
F
14
Two bodies attract each other with a gravitational force of 10.0 newtons. What
would be the force of attraction if the mass of each body were doubled?
F 5N
G 10 N
H 20 N
J 40 N
15
Two objects are moved apart so that they are separated by three times their original
distance of separation. Compared to the magnitude of the original gravitational force
between them, the magnitude of the new gravitational force is which of the
following?
A One-ninth the amount
B One-third the amount
C Three times the amount
D Nine times the amount
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16
When Earth and the Moon are separated by a distance of 3.84 × 108 meters, the
magnitude of the gravitational force of attraction between them is
2.0 × 1020 newtons. What would be the magnitude of this gravitational force of
attraction if Earth and the Moon were separated by a distance of
1.92 × 108 meters?
F 5.0 × 1019 N
G 2.0 × 1020 N
H 4.0 × 1020 N
J 8.0 × 1020 N
17
The diagram below shows two bowling balls, A and B, each having a mass of
7.00 kilograms, placed 2.00 meters apart.
What is the magnitude of the gravitational force exerted by ball A on ball B?
A 1.17 × 10-10 N
B 8.17 × 10-10 N
C 1.63 × 10-9 N
D 8.17 × 10-9 N
18
The centers of two 15.0-kilogram spheres are separated by 3.00 meters. What is
the magnitude of the gravitational force that one sphere exerts on the other?
F 1.11 × 10-10 N
G 3.34 × 10-10 N
H 1.67 × 10-9 N
J 5.00 × 10-9 N
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19
What is the magnitude of the gravitational force that two 5.0-kilogram masses
separated by a distance of 5.0 meters exert on each other?
A 1.3 × 10-11 N
B 6.7 × 10-11 N
C 3.3 × 10-10 N
D 5.0 × 100 N
20
Which of the following would increase the gravitational force of attraction
between two objects?
F Doubling the mass of both objects, only
G Doubling the mass of one object and doubling the distance between the objects
H Doubling the mass of both objects and doubling the distance between the objects
J Doubling the distance between the objects, only
21
If Earth had twice the mass it has now, then the magnitude of the gravitational force
between it and the Sun would be which of the following?
A The same as it is now
B Four times as much as it is now
C Twice as much as it is now
D Half as much as it is now
22
Two objects with equal masses are separated by a distance of 1 meter. If the mass
of one of the objects were to be doubled, then the gravitational force between the
two masses would be which of the following?
F One-fourth as much
G One-half as much
H H Two times as much
I J Four times as much
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23
Which of the following graphs best represents the gravitational force between
two point masses as a function of the distance between the masses?
A
B
C
D
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24
As a meteor moves from a distance of 16 Earth radii to a distance of 2 Earth radii
from the center of Earth, what happens to the magnitude of the gravitational force
between the meteor and Earth?
F
It becomes
the amount.
G It becomes 4 times the amount.
H It becomes 8 times the amount.
J It becomes 64 times the amount.
25
Determine the gravitational force of
attraction between two 3.5 kg
bowling balls whose centers are
exactly 2.0 meters from each other.
A 3.06 N
B 7.00 N
C 4.09 E -10 N
D 2.04 E -10 N
27
What is the distance between a 900
kg compact car and a 1600 kg
pickup truck if the gravitational force
between them is about 0.0001 N?
A 0.98 m
B 3.10 m
C 9.60 m
D 144 m
26
Determine the distance between a
newly discovered planet and its
single moon if the orbital period of
the moon is 1.2 Earth days and the
mass of the planet it orbits is
9.38E24 kg. You may assume the
orbit to be circular.
F 1.18E+6 m
G 1.71E+23 m
H 8.19E+24 m
J 1.13E+25 m
28
The force of attraction due to
gravity between two objects is F’.
If the distance between the two
objects doubles and the mass of
one object triples, the new
gravitational force between them
will
be —
F 0.5F’
G
0.75F
’ H 1.5F’
J 2.5F’
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29
A space probe has just performed a flyby close to the planet Jupiter. It is now
heading toward the outer reaches of the solar system where it will arrive in orbit
around Neptune. Which of the following graphs best represents the relationship
between the gravitational force exerted by Jupiter upon the space probe and the
space probe's distance from Jupiter?
A
B
C
D
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30
A 15.0-kilogram object is moving at 7.50 meters per second on a horizontal,
frictionless surface. What is the total work that must be done on the object to
increase its speed to 11.5 meters per second?
F 120. J
G 422 J
H 570. J
J 992 J
31
The work done in accelerating an object along a frictionless, horizontal surface is
equal to which of the following?
A The change in the object's momentum
B The change in the object's potential energy
C The change in the object's kinetic energy
D The change in the object's velocity
32
An archer performs 100 joules of work in pulling back the string of a bow. What
will be the initial speed of a 0.5-kilogram arrow when it is fired from the bow?
F 20 m/s
G 50 m/s
H 200 m/s
J 400 m/s
33
What is the work done on a 10.0-kilogram object at rest to give it a speed of
5.00 meters per second?
A 2.00 J
B 50.0 J
C 125 J
D 250. J
34
What is the total kinetic energy gained by an object of mass 2.0 kilograms when
10 joules of work is done on it to accelerate it from rest across a horizontal,
frictionless table?
F 3.2 J
G 5.0 J
H 10. J
J 20. J
35
A 10.0-kilogram block rests motionless on a horizontal, frictionless table. How
much work must be done to accelerate the block to a speed of 5.00 meters per
second?
A 25.0 J
B 125 J
C 3120 J
D 6250 J
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36
The work done in raising an object must result in an increase in which type of energy
that the object possesses?
F Internal energy
G Potential energy
H Kinetic energy
J Heat energy
37
What is the maximum amount of work that a 6000.-watt motor can do in
10. seconds?
A 6.0 × 101 J
B 6.0 × 102 J
C 6.0 × 103 J
D 6.0 × 104 J
38
When 20. joules of work is done in 4.0 seconds, what is the power developed?
F 0.20 watt
G 5.0 watts
H 16 watts
J 80. watts
39
How long would it take a machine to do 5000 joules of work if the power rating
of the machine is 100 watts?
A 0.2 s
B 10 s
C 50 s
D 5 000 s
40
When a machine does 250 joules of work in 10. seconds, what is the power that it
develops?
F 25 watts
G 240 watts
H 260 watts
J 2 500 watts
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41
A student running up a flight of stairs increases her speed at a constant rate. Which
of the following graphs best represents the relationship between total work done and
total time elapsed for the student's run up the stairs?
A
B
C
D
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42
An elevator lifts an object to a certain height in 10 seconds, and a second elevator
does the same work in 5 seconds. Compared to the power developed by the first
elevator, the power developed by the second elevator is which of the following?
F Four times as much
G Twice as much
H One-half as much
J The same
Directions: The diagram below represents an object being pulled by a force of
20 newtons up a hill at a constant rate of 2 meters per second. Use the diagram to answer
any questions that follow.
43
What is the work done against gravity in moving the object from point A to point B?
A 100 J
B 200 J
C 500 J
D 600 J
44
The work done in accelerating an object along a frictionless, horizontal surface is
equal to the object's change in which of the following?
F Potential energy
G Kinetic energy
H Momentum
J Velocity
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45
Which of the following is the minimum amount of work done by a hydraulic lift to
raise a 150-kg aluminum block 2.0 m vertically?
A 75 J
B 300 J
C 1470 J
D 2940 J
46
A 1000-kg car comes to a stop without skidding. The car's brakes do 50,000 J of
work to stop the car. Which of the following was the car's velocity when the brakes
were initially applied?
F 5 m/sec
G 10 m/sec
H 50 m/sec
J 2 m/sec
47
A 2.5-kg book slides horizontally and falls from a shelf 3.0 m above the floor. How
much work does the force of gravity do on the book as it falls 3.0 m?
A 1.2 J
B 7.5 J
C 24.5 J
D 73.5 J
48
49
A warehouse employee is pushing a 30.0 kg desk across a floor at a constant
speed of 0.50 m/s. How much work must the employee do on the desk to change the
speed to 1.00 m/s?
F 3.75 J
G 7.50 J
H 8.44 J
J 11.3 J
Which of the following is the best evidence that work has been done on or by
an object?
A The energy of the object has changed.
B The velocity of the object remains constant.
C The mass of the object has changed.
D The direction the object is moving remains constant.
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50
An object resting on a shelf 10.0 meters above the floor has a gravitational potential
energy of 980. joules with respect to the floor. The object is moved to a shelf
8.00 meters above the floor. What is the new gravitational potential energy of the
object with respect to the floor?
F 196 J
G 490. J
H 784 J
J 960. J
51
The graphs below relate the kinetic energy, gravitational potential energy, and total
mechanical energy of a moving block to the distance it travels.
Which of the following best describes the motion of the block?
A Accelerating on a flat horizontal surface
B Sliding up a frictionless incline
C Rising at constant velocity
D Falling freely
52
At what point in its fall does the kinetic energy of a freely falling object equal its
potential energy?
F At the start of the fall
G At all points during the fall
H Halfway between the start and the end
J At the end of the fall
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53
The diagram below shows a cart at four positions as it moves along a frictionless
track.
At which positions is the sum of the potential energy and kinetic energy of the cart
the same?
A A and C, only
B A, B, C, and D
C C and D, only
D A and B , only
54
A 55.0-kilogram diver falls freely from a diving platform that is 3.00 meters above
the surface of the water in a pool. When she is 1.00 meter above the water, what are
her kinetic energy, KE, and gravitational potential energy, PE, with respect to the
water's surface?
F PE = 1620 J and KE = 0.00 J
G PE = 810. J and KE = 810. J
H PE = 540. J and KE = 1080 J
J PE = 1080 J and KE = 540. J
55
At a height of 10.0 meters above Earth's surface, the potential energy of an object is
196 joules. After the mass falls 5.00 meters, how much kinetic energy does it gain?
A 49.0 J
B 98.0 J
C 147 J
D 196 J
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56
A diver of mass 75.0 kilograms is located 3.00 meters above the surface of the
water in a swimming pool. What is her gravitational potential energy with respect to
the water's surface?
F 2.29 × 101 J
G 2.25 × 102 J
H 2.21 × 103 J
J 2.17 × 104 J
57
An object weighing 15 newtons is lifted from the ground to a height of 0.22 meter.
What is the increase in the object's gravitational potential energy?
A 0.34 J
B 3.3 J
C 32 J
D 310 J
58
A force of 10. newtons holds a stretched spring 0.20 meter from its rest position.
What is the potential energy stored in the stretched spring?
F 1.0 J
G 2.0 J
H 5.0 J
J 50. J
59
A force of 0.2 newton is needed to hold a spring compressed by 0.02 meter. What is
the potential energy stored in this compressed spring?
A 2 × 10-5 J
B 4 × 10-5 J
C 8 × 10-5 J
D 2 × 10-3 J
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60
The diagram below shows block A with mass 2m and speed v, and block B with
mass m and speed 2v.
Compared to the kinetic energy of block A, the kinetic energy of block B is which
of the following?
F Four times as great
G One-half as great
H Twice the amount
J The same amount
61
What is the total kinetic energy gained by an object of mass 2.0 kilograms when
10 joules of work is done on it to accelerate it from rest across a horizontal,
frictionless table?
A 3.2 J
B 5.0 J
C 10. J
D 20. J
62
The drawing below represents a roller coaster car at different positions on a track.
At which of these positions on the track was the potential energy being transformed
into kinetic energy for the roller coaster car?
F A
G B
H C
J D
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63
Which of the following graph represent the relationship between mechanical energy v.
time as a ball rolls down a frictionless hill?
A
B
C
D
A
B
C
D
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64
The magnitude of the momentum of an object is 64.0 newton-seconds. If the
velocity of the object were to be doubled, what would then be the magnitude of its
momentum?
F 32.0 N-s
G 64.0 N-s
H 128 N-s
J 256 N-s
65
What is the momentum of a 30-kilogram cart moving with a speed of 10 meters
per second?
A 3 N-s
B 20 N-s
C 40 N-s
D 300 N-s
66
What is the momentum of a 1200-kilogram car traveling at 15 meters per second
due east?
F 1.8 × 104 N-s due west
G 80. N-s due east
H 80. N-s due west
J 1.8 × 104 N-s due east
67
What is the momentum of a car of mass 1.5 × 103 kilograms as it travels at
30. meters per second due east for 10. seconds?
A 4.5 × 104 N-s, east
B 4.5 × 105 N-s, west
C 4.5 × 105 N-s, east
D 4.5 × 104 N-s, west
68
Which of the following objects has the momentum with the greatest magnitude?
F A 100-kg object moving at 2 m/s
G A 20-kg object moving at 20 m/s
H A 1-kg object moving at 200 m/s
J A 10-kg object moving at 30 m/s
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69
A laboratory cart with a mass of 5 kilograms rolls a distance of 2 meters in
10 seconds. Which of the following mathematical expressions can be used to
determine the magnitude of the momentum of the cart?
A (5 kg + 10s) ÷ 2 m
B 5 kg × 2m ÷ 10 s
C 5 kg × 10s ÷ 2 m
D (5 kg + 2m) ÷ l0 s
70
Which of the following objects has the momentum with the greatest magnitude?
F A 9-kg mass moving at 3 m/s
G A 4-kg mass moving at 4 m/s
H A 5-kg mass moving at 2 m/s
J A 12-kg mass moving at 1 m/s
71
An object of mass 25 kilograms travels east with a constant velocity of 40. meters
per second. What is the momentum of this object?
A 1.0 × 103 N-s, east
B 1.0 × 103 N-s, west
C 9.8 × 103 N-s, east
D 9.8 × 103 N-s, west
72
Which of the following situations produces the greatest change in the magnitude of
the momentum of a 1.0-kilogram cart?
F Accelerating it from 2.0 m/s to 4.0 m/s
G Applying a net force of 10.0 N for 0.5 s
H Accelerating it from rest to 3.0 m/s
J Applying a net force of 5.0 N for 2.0 s
73
There are four balls with equal
masses moving on a level lab table.
The one with the most momentum
is the ball that has the greatest —
A altitude
B hardness
C temperature
D velocity
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74
A 0.25-g paint chip comes off a satellite orbiting Earth. The velocity of the paint chip
is 7000 m/s. Which is the kinetic energy of the paint chip?
F 1750 J
G 6125 J
H 12,250 J
J 24,500 J
75
A 2-kilogram block is dropped from the roof of a building at the same time a 6kilogram ball is thrown horizontally from the same height. Which of the
following statements best describes the motions of the block and ball?
A The 2-kg block hits the ground first because it has no horizontal velocity.
B The block and the ball hit the ground at the same time because they have the
same vertical acceleration.
C The 6-kg ball hits the ground first because it has more mass.
D The 6-kg ball hits the ground first because it weighs more.
76
Four cannonballs, each with mass M and initial velocity V, are fired from a cannon at
different angles with the horizontal. Which angular direction of the cannon produces
the greatest projectile height?
F 20°
G 45°
H 70°
J 90°
77
A machine launches a tennis ball at an angle of 45° with the horizontal, as illustrated
in the diagram below. The ball has an initial vertical velocity of 9.0 meters per second
and an initial horizontal velocity of 9.0 meters per second. The ball reaches its
maximum height 0.92 second after its launch.
The total horizontal distance traveled by the tennis ball during the time it is in the air
is closest to which of the following?
A 4.1 m
B 8.3 m
C 17 m
D 23 m
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78
A child kicks a ball with an initial velocity of 8.5 meters per second at an angle of 35°
with the horizontal. The ball has an initial vertical velocity of 4.9 meters per second
and a total time of flight of 1.0 second.
The maximum height reached by the ball is closest to which of the following?
F 1.2 m
G 2.5 m
H 4.9 m
J 8.5 m
79
A 10.-kilogram object and a 5.0-kilogram object are released simultaneously from a
height of 50. meters above the ground. Which of the following will be different for the
objects after they fall freely for 2.0 seconds?
A Their speeds
B Their displacements
C Their accelerations
D Their kinetic energies
80
At a height of 10.0 meters above Earth's surface, the potential energy of an object is
196 joules. After the mass falls 5.00 meters, how much kinetic energy does it gain?
F 49.0 J
G 98.0 J
H 147 J
J 196 J
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81
Which of the following graphs best represents the relationship between the
gravitational potential energy of a freely falling object and the object's height
above the ground?
A
B
C
D