Download Force – Acceleration and Velocity

Topic: Physical Science – Motion and Stability Software: Newton’s Park Force – Acceleration and Velocity Lesson Overview Activity video available at edu.zspace.com Grade Level: 8th Students will view and run the demonstration. They will launch balls in four different force fields that have varied force values and observe each balls' movement. They will answer questions within the demo to explore the ways that multiple forces interact and affect the motion of the balls by using numerical data to explain their reasoning. Lesson Time: 30 Minutes Objectives •
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Predict, observe, and compare the effect that a sum of forces has on the motion of an object. Show evidence of the effects that the sum of forces has on the direction of an object by using numerical data. Key Terms: Acceleration Balanced Force Force Motion Unbalanced Force Resources: Answer Key Standards (NGSS and Common Core) For state specific standards visit edu.zspace.com Next Generation Science Standards • Physical Science – Motion and Stability o MS-­‐PS2-­‐2 -­‐ Plan an investigation to provide evidence that the change in an object's motion depends on the sum of the forces on the object and the mass of the object. Common Core Connections • Language Arts o RST.6-­‐8.3 Follow precisely a multistep procedure when carrying out experiments, taking measurements, or performing technical tasks o WHST.6-­‐8.7 Conduct short research projects to answer a question (including a self-­‐generated question), drawing on several sources and generating additional related, focused questions that allow for multiple avenues of exploration. Differentiation •
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Students may be grouped heterogeneously to allow students with a strong command of the English language to assist in reading or interpreting questions Allow students to provide answers that are handwritten, typed, or verbal Give students a variety of presentation styles to choose from (using charts/graphs, PowerPoint, making 3D presentations, creating videos/movies, making posters) Enrichment: Students could change an additional variable listed in activity and look for patterns Specific differentiations are indicated in this document with a ∆ symbol Force – Acceleration and Velocity 1
Topic: Physical Science – Motion and Stability Software: Newton’s Park Introduction Teacher should review the definition of a "force" -­‐ a push or a pull on an object. They should also tell the students that a "force field" is a space in which a constant force is applied as long as the object is inside the field. The teacher will then tell that students that they will be observing four different force fields with varied force values and predicting the movement of the balls. They will then launch the balls and analyze their motion. They will answer questions within the demo to explore the ways that multiple forces interact and affect the motion of the balls. Activity – Force – Acceleration and Velocity 1. There are four experiments displayed before you. They look very similar but are in fact different. Describe how the four experiments are similar. 2. How a re each of the four experiments are d ifferent from one another? 3. Use your knowledge about force to p redict how the balls will move once they're launched. 4. Launch the experiment and take a screen capture that best illustrates the results. 5. Compare the first ball to the s econd ball. How d id the d ifferent force fields affect the ball's acceleration? 6. Describe the a cceleration of the third ball. Why d o you think the ball moved the way it did? 7. Describe the acceleration of the forth ball. Which of the other experiments was it most like? 8.
∆ Students can change the force fields and then run the experiment again. Could all the balls to leave the force fields at the same time?
Closing
The teacher will gather the students to discuss their discoveries. The class will participate in a whole-­‐group discussion focusing on how the forces affected the movement of the balls. Students will complete the Follow-­‐Up answer question. Questions for Discussion 1. What is the relationship between balanced/unbalanced forces and motion of an object? Answers will vary. Sample Answer: When the forces of an object are balanced, the motion of the object does not change. When the forces on an object are unbalanced, the object will change its velocity. 2. What changed when the balls hit the wall? Answers will vary. Sample Answer: Everything changed except their mass. The velocity and acceleration of the ball decreased. The direction of the ball also changed. Force – Acceleration and Velocity 2
Topic: Physical Science – Motion and Stability Software: Newton’s Park Answer Key – Force – Acceleration and Velocity Activity Questions Provided in Newton’s Park 1. There are four experiments displayed before you. They look very similar but are in fact different. Describe how the four experiments are similar. Answers will vary. Sample Answer: They are the same length and width and the balls are all in the same spot. 2. How are each of the four experiments are different from one another? Answers will vary. Sample Answer: Different force values: Also, Force Fields 1 & 2 have a two forces, while Force Fields 3 & 4 have one. 3. Use your knowledge about force to predict how the balls will move once they're launched. Answers will vary. Sample Answer: I think that the balls with more force applied to them will have a great acceleration. The ball with equal opposing forces will not move at all. 4. Launch the experiment and take a screen capture that best illustrates the results. Answers will vary. Screenshot 5. Compare the first ball to the second ball. How did the different force fields affect the ball's acceleration? Answers will vary. Sample Answer: The first ball moved faster than the second ball. The velocity of the first ball is 8.79 m/s, while the velocity of the second ball is 0 m/s. 6. Describe the acceleration of the third ball. Why do you think the ball moved the way it did? Answers will vary. Sample Answer: The acceleration of the third ball (when it's in the force field) is 9.99 m/s. 7. Describe the acceleration of the forth ball. Which of the other experiments was it most like? Answers will vary. Sample Answer: The acceleration of the fourth ball is 4.64 m/s. Force – Acceleration and Velocity 3