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NOTES – Chapter 8, JOINTS – ANATOMY I – DR. NELSON 2. CHAPTER 8 – JOINTS • Joints or ______________ site ____________________ • Function: skeletal _________, hold skeleton . _________ & _________ • Movement vs. Strength: _______ joint _________ means _________ joint _________ I. Classification: by _________ & _________ . A. Function classification . 1. _________: _________ joint . 2. ______________: _________ moveable . 3. _________: freely __________ 3. B. Structure Classification – _________, ____________ & __________* 1. fibrous: No joint ________, bones held tightly together w/ _________ and very little _________ a. __________: (seams) _________ _________ edges (jig saw puzzle) skull b. ____________: connected by __________, if short little movement – ie: distal tibia & fibula; if long more movement – ie; ulna/radius 4. fig 8.1; page. 249 & fig. 7.27 pg. 230 6. c. _________: cone like _____ fitting into a ________ 1. _________ - mandible & maxilla 2. Held in w/ ______________ ligament 7. fig. 8.1 c; pg. 249 1 8. 2. ______________: No ______________, articulating bones . are held tightly together by _________ w/ little or no _________ . a. _____________: where ________ cartilage connects the bone i. ie: _________ plate/epiphyseal plate (temporary) . ii. ie: True _______ connected to the sternum b. _________: broad flat disc of _____________ connects articulating bones . i. ie: _________ disc . ii. Ie: disc between left/right _______ bones . 9. Fig 8.2 a&b; pg. 250 10. C. SYNOVIAL JOINTS!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! Have a _______ _______ cavity Six characteristics for synovial joints 1. _______ _______ cartilage - cushions 2. _________ cavity - filled w/ _________ fluid 3. Joint _________ – _________ layer a. _________ layer – tough, irregular CT continuous w/ bone __________ . b. _________ layer – synovial _________ makes_________ fluid 11. 4. _________ fluid – fills the_________ . a. like _____ whites – very _________ b. soaks_______ articular cartilage & then back _______ when under _________ 5. ___________ (accessory) __________ – 3 types a. __________/intrinsic: _________ part of capsule b. _______ _______: distinct, separate & _________ of the capsule c. __________: inside capsule but separate from capsule wall 2 6. ________ & _______ _______ a. pain _________ b. ______________: monitor _________ & ___________ 12. Figure 8.3 Synovial Joint Structure pg. 251 13. ________: Flattened ______ of ________ to _________ ligaments, muscles, tendons, bones or skin • _______ _______: _______like bursae that _________ _________ a. _________ tendons when _________ b. _________ __________ 14 15. _________ Allowed by Synovial Joints Every muscle is attached to, ______________, bones w/ a _______ in _________ • _________ is the attached _______ that_______ _______ • I_________ is the _______ that _______ _______ Movement occurs when muscles ______ bringing the _________ _________ the _______ Movements are described in directional terms relative to the plane they move in 16. I. Angular movements A. _________: bending movement that __________ the angle. B. _________: ________ of flexion; _________ the angle 17, 18, 19 Figure 8.5, b, c, d page 256 & 257 3 20. C. _________: Moving_______ _______ _______ D. _________: Moving _________ _________ 21 Figure 8.5 e 22. E. ___________: _______ end moves in a ___________ pattern w/ __________ end is ___________ 23. figure 8.5 e pg. 257 24 F. __________: Moving a bone along it’s own ________ axis. 1. ________ ________ rotation – ________ & ________ rotation 25. Fig. 8.5 f page 257 26. II. __________ movements A. When __________ surfaces slide ________ & ________ or ________ to________. 1. ________: ________ ________ _________ 2. ________: I__________ __________ 3. vertebral column 27,28 Figures 8.5 a & 8.6 c 29. III. Special Movements - . A. __________/__________: movements of ________ around the ________ – “don’t spill your soup” 30. Fig. 8.6 a pg. 258 4 31. B. ___________ __________ flexion: ________ ________ movements __________ ________ 32 fig. 8.6 b; pg. 258 33. C. __________ ____________: Anterior & posterior . movement along transverse plane – ___________ . 34. Fig. 8.6 d pg; 258 35. D. __________ & __________: Lifting a body part ________ & i_______________ ___________ 36 Fig. 8.6 d pg; 258 37. E. ___________: Touch tip of ________ to tip of any _________ 38. Fig. 8.6 f page; 258 5 6