Download Respiratory System

THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
 PRIMARY FUNCTION
 THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM IS THE BODY SYSTEM THAT
BRINGS OXYGEN FROM THE AIR INTO THE BODY FOR
DELIVERY VIA THE BLOOD TO THE CELLS
V ET ERINARY S CIENCE P ROGRAM

RESPIRATION
IS THE EXCHANGE OF GASES (OXYGEN AND
CARBON DIOXIDE) BETWEEN THE ATMOSPHERE AND THE BODY
CELLS

VENTILATION
MEANS THE BRINGING IN OF FRESH AIR
 VENTILATION IS ALSO KNOWN AS BREATHING
THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
 SECONDARY FUNCTION
 VOICE PRODUCTION
 THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM IS DIVIDED INTO UPPER AND
LOWER TRACTS
 VOCAL CORDS (FOLDS)

BODY TEMPERATURE REGULATION
 WARM INHALED AIR
 PANTING

ACID-BASE BALANCE
 INFLUENCE THE AMOUNT OF


THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
CO2 IN THE BLOOD
MORE CO2 > LOWER BLOOD PH (H2CO3)
 THE UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT CONSISTS OF:
 NOSTRILS
 NASAL PASSAGES
 PHARYNX
 LARYNX
 TRACHEA
SENSE OF SMELL
THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
THE RESPIRATORY TRACT
 THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM IS DIVIDED INTO UPPER AND
LOWER TRACTS
 THE LOWER RESPIRATORY TRACT CONSISTS OF:
 BRONCHI
 BRONCHIOLES
 ALVEOLAR DUCTS
 ALVEOLI
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UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT
 AIR ENTERS AND EXITS
THE BODY THROUGH
THE NOSE
 NAS/O AND RHIN/O ARE
COMBINING FORMS FOR
NOSE

UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT
 THE PHARYNX IS THE
AREA FROM THE BACK
OF THE NASAL CAVITY
AND MOUTH TO THE
LARYNX
 PHARYNG/O IS THE
EXTERNAL OPENINGS OF
COMBINING FORM FOR
THE NOSE AREA ARE
CALLED NARES
PHARYNX

COMMONLY CALLED THE
THROAT
UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT
 THE LARYNX IS THE
AREA BETWEEN THE
PHARYNX AND THE
TRACHEA
 LARYNG/O IS THE
COMBINING FORM FOR
THE LARYNX

COMMONLY CALLED THE
VOICE BOX
 CONTAINS THE VOCAL
CORDS
LOWER RESPIRATORY TRACT
LOWER RESPIRATORY TRACT
 THE TRACHEA EXTENDS
FROM THE NECK TO THE
CHEST AND PASSES AIR
FROM THE LARYNX TO THE
THORACIC CAVITY
 TRACHE/O IS THE COMBINING
FORM FOR THE TRACHEA

COMMONLY CALLED THE
WINDPIPE
 CONTAINS
C-SHAPED
CARTILAGINOUS RINGS
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LOWER RESPIRATORY TRACT
 THE TRACHEA DIVIDES INTO
LOWER RESPIRATORY TRACT
 THE BRONCHI CONTINUE TO
TWO BRANCHES AT THE
GET SMALLER IN DIAMETER
TRACHEAL BIFURCATION TO
FORM BRONCHI
UNTIL THEY BECOME
BRONCHIOLES
 BRONCH/O IS THE COMBINING
 BRONCHIOL/O IS THE
FORM FOR BRONCHI

COMBINING FORM FOR
BRONCHIOLES
BRONCHUS IS THE SINGULAR

FORM OF BRONCHI
-OLE MEANS SMALL
LOWER RESPIRATORY TRACT
SUPPORTING STRUCTURES
 ALVEOLI ARE AIR SACS
 THE THORACIC CAVITY IS
WHERE GAS EXCHANGE
OCCURS
 ALVEOL/O IS THE COMBINING
FORM FOR ALVEOLI (SMALL
SAC)
 OXYGEN DIFFUSES AND
CONTAINED WITHIN THE
RIBS
 COST/O IS THE COMBINING
FORM FOR RIBS
 THORAC/O AND
-THORAX
CARBON DIOXIDE DIFFUSES
ACROSS THE ALVEOLAR WALL
LUNG
LUNG LOBES
 THE LUNG IS THE MAIN
Lung Lobes
ORGAN OF RESPIRATION
 THE LUNGS ARE DIVIDED INTO
WELL-DEFINED DIVISIONS
CALLED LOBES
 PNEUM/O,
PNEUMON/O,
AND PNEU ALL MEAN LUNGS
OR AIR
BOTH MEAN CHEST
CAVITY OR CHEST
Species
Left Lung
Cat, cow, dog,
Cranial lobe
goat, pig, sheep Caudal lobe
 PULM/O AND PLUMON/O MEAN
LUNG
Horse
All one lobe
Right Lung
Cranial lobe
Middle lobe
Caudal lobe
Accessory lobe
All one lobe +
accessory lobe
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PLEURA
 THE LUNG IS ENCASED
 THE DIAPHRAGM IS THE
IN A MEMBRANOUS SAC
CALLED THE PLEURA

DIAPHRAGM
MUSCLE THAT
SEPARATES THE
THORACIC AND
PERITONEAL CAVITIES
THE PLEURA HAS TWO
LAYERS, AND BETWEEN
THESE TWO LAYERS IS
 DIA- MEANS ACROSS
THE PLEURAL SPACE
FUNCTION
 BREATHING IS THE INHALATION AND EXHALATION OF
AIR
 INHALATION IS THE DRAWING IN OF A BREATH
 MUSCLES
– DIAPHRAGM & EXTERNAL INTERCOSTAL

EXHALATION IS THE RELEASE OF A BREATH

NEGATIVE INTRATHORACIC
 MUSCLES
– INTERNAL INTERCOSTAL & ABDOMINAL
PRESSURE
RESPIRATORY VOLUMES
 TIDAL VOLUME
 VOLUME OF AIR INSPIRED AND EXPIRED DURING ONE BREATH
 MINUTE VOLUME
 VOLUME OF AIR INSPIRED AND EXPIRED DURING 1 MINUTE
 RESIDUAL VOLUME
 VOLUME OF AIR REMAINING IN THE LUNGS AFTER MAXIMUM
EXPIRATION
 ALSO AIDS THE RETURN OF BLOOD TO THE HEART
EXCHANGE OF GASES
 SIMPLE DIFFUSION OF
GAS MOLECULES FROM
AREAS OF HIGH
CONCENTRATION TO
AREAS OF LOW
CONCENTRATION
TERMS ASSOCIATED WITH BREATHING
 THE ROOT PNEA MEANS
BREATHING
 OX/I, OX/O, AND
OX/Y REFER TO OXYGEN
 CAPN/O REFERS TO
CARBON DIOXIDE
 APNEA
 DYSPNEA
 BRADYPNEA
 TACHYPNEA
 HYPERPNEA
 HYPOPNEA
 HYPOXIA
 HYPERCAPNIA
 HYPOCAPNIA
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CONTROL OF BREATHING
 RESPIRATORY CENTER
 MEDULLA OBLONGATA
 INSPIRATION, EXPIRATION, BREATH HOLDING
 MECHANICAL CONTROL
 NORMAL INSPIRATION AND EXPIRATION LIMITS
 CHEMICAL CONTROL
 RECEPTORS – CAROTID AND AORTA
 MONITOR CO2, PH, O2
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