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Download 3rd grade - FLOWERS: Reproductive plant parts
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3rdgrade-FLOWERS:Reproductiveplantparts objective:Studentswilllearntoidentifykeypartsofaflowerbydissectingrealflowers inthegardensuchaspetuniasandnasturtiums.Theywillunderstandtherolesthose partsplayinplantreproduction:howfertilizedflowersproduceseeds. supplies:enoughexamplesofperfectflowers(bothmaleandfemaleparts)suchas petunias,fuchsias,nasturtiums,etc.forstudentstodissectaloneorinpairs. time:45min 5minoverview:generalplantknowledge Gaugestudentpriorknowledge:whyareplantsimportant?Whatdotheydoforus humans?Whatdowecallapersonwhostudiesplants?(botanist–botanyisthestudy ofplants).Holdupaplantyankedoutofgroundandaskaboutplantpartsandtheir purpose: roots–dowhat?anchorplant/absorbnutrients&water stem–supportsplant,holdsitupright(stability) leaves–photosynthesis–energyfromsun flower–makesseeds(reproduction) whatisaseed?–babyplant(embryoinside) (Kory)10-15min:tourofflowersingarden Takestudentsonashortwalkthroughgardenandpointoutdifferentkindsofflowers– promptquestions:whydotheyalllookdifferent?Dotheyallhavethesameparts?No– somearesimple(justoneflower)andsomearecomposite(lotsofminiflowersinside), someareperfect(havemaleandfemaleparts)andsomeimperfect(onlyoneorother sex).Let’slookatexamplesofeach! 1.(Sandy)ShowstudentsaMirabilisor4O’Clockflowerwhichisasimpleflower–it makesjust1seed!Nowlookatasunflowerandexplainthateachsunflowerheadis madeupofmanysmallflowers-acompoundflower-withrayfloretsontheoutside anddiscfloretsinthecenter.Breaktheflowerintwoandletthemexaminetheinside. Showthemseedsforming.Marigoldsarealsocompoundflowers.Seemanyseeds! http://www.backyardnature.net/fl_marig.htm. http://www.ehow.com/how_8591681_describe-parts-sunflower.html http://urbanext.illinois.edu/gpe/case4/c4facts1a.html http://www.ehow.com/facts_4798758_parts-sunflower.html 2.(Kory)Showstudentssquashorbegoniaflowers–theyareimperfect-Imperfect flowershaveeithermaleorfemalepartsbutnotboth–theymustcrosspollinateto makeseeds!Squashplantsmakebothkindsofflowers.Ifthesameplantcross pollinatesyougetapumpkin–butwhathappenswhenapumpkincrosseswitha zuchinni?Yougetaweirdzumpkin!That’shownewvarietiesappearinnature! http://www.gardeningknowhow.com/edible/vegetables/squash/female-male-squash-blossoms.htm “Begonia plants are monoecious, with unisexual male and female flowers occurring separately on the same plant; the male contains numerous stamens, and the female has a large inferior ovary and two to four branched or twisted stigmas.” Somefruitandnuttreesareeithermaleorfemalesoyoumustplanttwotreestomake suretheycancrosspollinateeachotheroryouwon’tgetanyfruit!Showstudentsthe hopsplant–thisonlyhasthefemaleflowers–notmale!Sonoseedsproducedinthis garden!https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hops http://fruitandnuteducation.ucdavis.edu/generaltopics/AnatomyPollination/Flower_Anatomy/ 3.(Sandy)ShowstudentssomeexamplesofPerfectflowers(liketomatoor nasturtiums)whichhavebothmaleandfemalepartsinthesameflower–thesecanself pollinate!Let’slookmorecloselyattheirparts. 15-20min:dissectingflowers (Kory&Sandy)Drawadiagramoffloweronwhiteboardorsidewalkorschoolbrickwall andwhiledrawingaskstudentstolabelpartsandtalkaboutthepurposeofthoseparts: Petals–showycolorfulpart–attractspollinators Sepals–likegreen‘leaves’ofthefloweratbase Pistil(femalepart)includes: Ovary–hasovules(eggs)insidethatwillbecomeseedsoncefertilized Style–longtubethatholdsthestigma–pollengrainstraveldowntofertilizeovary Stigma–stickypartattopofpistilthatpollensticksto Stamen(malepart)includesboth: Filament–skinnylongthreadthatholds/supportstheAnther Anther–haspollenontop (Sandy&Korybreakclassinto2groups) Studentseachreceiveanasturtiumflower(ifenoughtogoaround!Ortheyworkin pairs)andtoldtheseareedibleflowers.Demonstratehowtobreakapartandfindall parts.Studentsdissecttheirnasturtiumsandiftheycanidentifyallthepartstheymay eatwhatthey’vedissected–nasturtiumshaveapepperyflavor!Seeifstudentscanfind nasturtiumseedsformingontheplantsingarden.ORstudentseachreceiveapetunia flower(notedible!)todissect. **Expansion** Onpicnictables,layoutvariousexamplesofdifferentseedshapes,eachseedtypeona plate–Theseseedswerealltheresultoffertilizedflowers!Askstudentstorecalltheir seeddispersalknowledgeandaskthemtoguesshoweachseeddispersesandhowthey know–someseedsmightdisperseinmultipleways! Alsolayoutbookorprintswithpicturesofoldbotanicaldrawingsofcrosssectionsof plantsshowingflowersandseeds.Explaintostudentsthatbeforetherewerecamerasor film,scientistsalsohadtobeartists!TellthemthestoryoftheHarvardMuseumGlass flowershandblownbytheBlaschkas–awaytopreservebotanicalspecimenstheway youmightseestuffed(taxidermy)animalsinmuseumstoo. Referencebook:ThePlantHuntersbyAnitaSilvey(atButterfieldLibrary!) http://www.amazon.com/The-Plant-Hunters-Stories-Adventures/dp/0374309086 http://hmnh.harvard.edu/glass-flowersANDhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glass_Flowers CompositeFlowers-Sunflowers