Download 05 - Pierce College

Pierce College
Putman/NUTR& 101
Unit 05 Practice Exam
1. Lipids
a. Starches
b. Fats and oils
c. Amino acids
d. Fats, oils and starches
2. Kids who eat more calories than they can burn do not produce more fat cells
a. True
b. False
3. A slender adult who was fat as a child has more fat cells than a fat adult who was slender as a
child.
a. True
b. False
4. Leptin
a. Hormone that is secreted when fat cells absorb some fat.
b. Turns off hunger centers in hypothalamus.
c. Gives you a satisfied, “full” feeling after eating a little fat.
d. All of the above!
5. The fat cells of adults expand in size as excess calories are consumed.
a. True
b. False
6. Gram for gram, stores the most energy:
a. Glycogen
b. Triglycerides
c. Glucose
d. Protein
7. Most body fats (95%) are
a. Cholesterol
b. Phospholipids
c. Triglycerides
d. Hydrophilic
8. Calorie-per-calorie, carbohydrates and proteins weigh more than fats, so it’s better for hikers
to include high-fat foods in their packs for survival than low-fat foods.
a. True
b. False
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9. Adults have a set number of fat cells
a. True
b. False
10. Less than 7% of the calories of a healthy diet should consist of these; a healthy diet really
can’t avoid them completely.
a. Trans-fats
b. Monounsaturated fats
c. Polyunsaturated fats
d. Saturated fats
11. Has the highest amount of saturated fat, per gram:
a. Palm oil
b. Coconut oil
c. Lard
d. Butter
12. Fat in your diet helps you lose weight.
a. True
b. False
13. From the time your fat cells absorb fat, about how long does it take for you to feel full?
a. 10 minutes
b. 15 minutes
c. 20 minutes
d. 30 minutes
14. Which is not true about hydrogenation?
a. Involves adding hydrogens to the double bonds of mono- and polyunsaturated fats
b. Reduces the risk of heart disease.
c. Makes them solid and creamy at room temperature
d. Produces sat fats and trans fats.
15. The liver makes all the cholesterol we need; we do not need cholesterol in the diet!
a. True
b. False
16. Supplies most of the energy needed for muscle contraction.
a. Glucose
b. Glycogen
c. Triglycerides
d. Protein
17. Elevate blood cholesterol; increase risk of heart disease.
a. Saturated fats
b. Monounsaturated fats
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c. Polyunsaturated fats
d. Unsaturated fats, in general
18. A healthy individual should eat less than how much cholesterol per day?
a. 100 mg
b. 200 mg
c. 300 mg
d. 400 mg
19. When humans are hungry, they crave
a. Complex carbohydrates
b. Protein, fat and veggies
c. Fruits and veggies
d. Fat, sugar and salt
20. Omega-3 fatty acids
a. Found in fish oil
b. Reduces inflammation reactions
c. Needed for normal brain and nervous system development
d. All the above!
21. Linolenic acid
a. An essential fatty acid
b. An omega-6 fatty acid
c. Increases inflammation reactions; helps regulate blood pressure
d. All the above
22. Trans fats are made by man as a result of hydrogenation and are very rare in nature.
a. True
b. False
23. Ancestral humans rarely got enough to eat, so we learned, as a survival strategy, to eat as
much fat and sugar as we could, when available.
a. True
b. False
24. Hydrogenated fats make food creamy and can be stored at room temperature.
a. True
b. False
25. Vitamin D, bile and sex hormones are made from this fat:
a. Lecithin
b. Linolenic acid
c. Linoleic acid
d. Cholesterol
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26. Eating what your body instinctively craves results in eating a balanced diet; we should all
tune in to what our body is telling us!
a. Absolutely true!
b. No, that’s false; our instincts were for short-term survival, not long-term health!
27. A good source of saturated fats.
a. Oranges
b. Broccoli
c. Palm and coconut oil
d. Fish
28. Tropical plant oils such as palm oil and coconut oil are very good for the diet.
a. True
b. False
29. Some fat in your diet can help you lose weight.
a. True, but only if it’s poly- and monounsaturated fat.
b. True; eating small amounts of any fat can help you lose weight.
c. Absolutely false! Fat is loaded with calories, and if you want to lose weight, you have to
stop eating fat!
d. Generally false, unless you’re eating fish oil.
30. Have a regular molecular structure, thus are solid at room temperature.
a. Triglycerides
b. Unsaturated fats
c. Fatty acids
d. Saturated fats
31. About what percentage of a healthy diet should consist of unsaturated fats?
a. 20 to 35%
b. 10 to 25%
c. Less than 7%
d. Over 35%
32. Found in egg yolks; is an emulsifier that may lower LDLs and cholesterol and raise HDLs.
a. EPA
b. Lecithin
c. DHA
d. Arachidonic acid
33. Which is not true about omega-3 fatty acids?
a. Reduces asthma and other inflammation reactions
b. Reduces plaque buildup in arteries
c. Lowers blood pressure and fights heart disease
d. Enhances peristalsis during orgasm
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34. Consists of glycerol + three fatty acid molecules.
a. Cholesterol
b. Phospholipids
c. Triglycerides
d. Saturated fats
35. Have one double bond in its carbon chain; is healthy for the diet!
a. Monounsaturated fat
b. Saturated fat
c. Polyunsaturated fat
d. Unsaturated fat
36. Bacon, butter, cream, cheese, lard all contain significant amounts of
a. Trans fats
b. Saturated fats
c. Polyunsaturated fats
d. Monounsaturated fats
37. Good sources of EPA and DHA include all of the following except which?
a. Cold water, fatty fish
b. Cattle fed corn in feed lots
c. Range-fed cattle and game
d. Eggs (and meat) from chickens allowed to run free, and fed fish-oil meal
38. Nuts contain some saturated fats, but the good fats they contain are nutritionally worth it!
a. True
b. False
39. Linoleic acid
a. Body can’t make; must have in diet
b. An omega-6 fatty acid
c. Involved in blood clotting, blood pressure regulation and inflammatory reactions
d. All the above
40. Eating two, 3-ounce servings of fatty fish per week, such as salmon, may do all of the
following except for which?
a. Decrease risk of heart disease
b. Increase your cognitive ability
c. Increase inflammatory reactions
d. Elevate mood
41. Hydrogenated fats spoil faster than unsaturated fats.
a. True
b. False
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42. One chicken egg has about how much cholesterol in it?
a. 150 mg
b. 212 mg
c. 300 mg
d. 489 mg
43. Best source of linolenic acid:
a. Broccoli
b. Spinache
c. Eggs
d. Olives
44. Which is not a good reason to take fish-oil supplements rather than eating fish?
a. Fish is more nutritious than supplements.
b. Fish may contain mercury and lead; fish oil supplements do not.
c. You would have to eat a lot of fish to equal the EPA and DHA found in concentrated
fish-oil capsules.
d. Raw fish may contain parasites.
45. Bile is made by the
a. Spleen
b. Stomach
c. Pancreas
d. Liver
46. One function of bile is to
a. Carry fats in the fatty environment of the intestine
b. Activate pancreatic enzymes, facilitating fat digestion
c. Mechanically separate fats into small particles
d. Chemically digest triglycerides into component molecules
47. Fish liver oil is a good source of omega-3 fatty acids.
a. True
b. False
48. Which has the lowest levels of hydrogenated and trans fats?
a. Packaged snack cakes
b. Fried chicken, fried fish, donuts
c. Grilled steaks, grilled fish and chicken
d. Fast-food veggie-burgers
49. Lipoproteins are initially carried by the
a. Circulatory system
b. Lymphatic system
c. Nervous system
d. Excretory system
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50. From the intestine, which enter directly into the blood?
a. Glycerol and long-chain fatty acids
b. Triglycerides
c. Glycerol and very short-chain fats
d. Chylomicrons
51. The digestion of fats begins where?
a. Stomach
b. Mouth
c. Small intestine
d. Liver
52. In adults, most fats are digested in the
a. Mouth
b. Stomach
c. Small intestine
d. Large intestine
53. When muscles need energy, the first use
a. Glycogen
b. Glycerol
c. Fatty acids
d. Triglycerides
54. Triggers the release of fat components from fat cells into the blood
a. Low glucose levels in blood from starvation
b. Inability of cells to absorb glucose from blood
c. A low carb diet resulting in low glucose levels in blood
d. All the above
55. A low carb diet stimulates glucagon to cause the release of fats into the blood.
a. True
b. False
56. Infants rely for much of their nutrition on the digestion of milk fats in the
a. Small intestine
b. Large intestine
c. Mouth
d. Pancreas
57. Which organ produces most of the fat-digesting enzymes in the adult?
a. Stomach
b. Pancreas
c. Liver
d. Spleen
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58. Triglycerides supply about what percentage of resting energy needs?
a. 10%
b. 25%
c. 60%
d. 80%
59. When energy is needed by muscle cells, fat cells can break fat into
a. Glycerol + fatty acids
b. Glucose
c. Triglycerides
d. Glucose + short chain fatty acids
60. When cells use fat for energy, some excess is normally turned into this waste product:
a. Ammonia
b. Glycerol
c. Fatty acids
d. Ketone bodies
61. A low carb diet can compromise your immune system.
a. True
b. False
62. Glycerol, released into the blood from the breakdown of fat by fat cells, is turned into what
by the liver?
a. Fatty acids
b. Glucose
c. Amino acids
d. Triglycerides
63. Fatty acids are absorbed and used by all cells for energy, if insufficient glucose is in the
blood.
a. True
b. False
64. A low carbohydrate diet, as well as uncontrolled diabetes, can markedly increase urination
and thirst.
a. True
b. False
65. Heart disease, stroke and some cancers are all linked to diets rich in
a. Lean beef and poultry
b. Olive oil
c. Trans fats, saturated fats and cholesterol
d. Fresh fruits and veggies
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66. Large, water insoluble fats move through the blood in structures called lipoproteins.
a. True
b. False
67. About what percentage of a triglyceride molecule can be turned into glucose?
a. 1%
b. 6%
c. 20%
d. 76%
68. Fat molecule components that are released into the blood and not absorbed by cells for
energy are taken in by the liver and turned into
a. Fatty acids
b. Glucose
c. Glycogen
d. Ketones
69. The brain, nervous system and red blood cells can absorb fatty acids and use them for energy
instead of glucose.
a. True
b. False
70. Which is not a consequence of high ketone levels in the blood?
a. Increased rate of breathing
b. Increased urination
c. Decreased thirst
d. Low (acidic) blood pH
71. Which would be a characteristic of lipoproteins that would promote health?
a. High percentage of cholesterol
b. High percentage of fatty acids
c. High percentage of phospholipids
d. High percentage of protein
72. Which is the largest type of lipoprotein?
a. Chylomicrons
b. VLDLs
c. LDLs
d. HDLs
73. Factors that may increase HDLs in your blood include all of the following except which?
a. Exercise
b. Smoking
c. Getting adequate lecithin and omega-3 fatty acids in the diet
d. Maintaining a healthy weight
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74. According to the U.S.D.A. food guide, a sufficient amount of protein per day would be how
much?
a. Three ounces
b. Six ounces
c. Nine ounces
d. Sixteen ounces
75. Which is the healthiest?
a. Super lean ground beef
b. Regular hamburger
c. Ground round
d. A prime steak
76. Which is the smallest type of lipoprotein?
a. Chylomicrons
b. VLDLS
c. LDLs
d. HDLs
77. Commercially packaged ground turkey is a better choice for the diet than any grade of
ground beef.
a. True
b. False
78. When purchasing foods for everyday use at the grocery, you should always chose foods that
are low in fat or fat free.
a. True
b. False
79. How much extra-virgin olive oil should we all eat per day?
a. 1 teaspoon
b. 1 tablespoon
c. 2 tablespoons
d. 5 cups
80. The best type of lipoproteins to have in your blood.
a. VLDLs
b. LDLs
c. Chylomicrons
d. HDLs
81. Butter and cream
a. Contain lots of protein
b. Contain lots of saturated fat
c. Contain lots of carbohydrates
d. Are good for you, in moderation
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82. Eggs can be a good source of omega-3 fatty acids, lecithin and other unsaturated fats, but you
should not eat too many of them because they are also high in cholesterol.
a. True
b. False
83. It’s good to read food labels at the grocery store to maximize good fats and minimize bad fats
in the foods that we buy.
a. True
b. False
84. VLDLs and LDLs
a. Reduce the risk of heart disease
b. Should be included in the diet
c. Form plaque in arterial walls and are easily oxidized
d. Help remove “bad cholesterol” from arteries
85. Which is not one of the top three saturated fat sources in the American diet?
a. Eggs
b. Cheese
c. Beef
d. Milk
86. When you purchase foods at the grocery for everyday use, you should choose foods that are
low in mono- and polyunsaturated fats as these are loaded with calories!
a. True
b. False
87. To avoid unneeded fat, deli meats should be
a. Prepackaged
b. Thick-slided
c. Thin-sliced
d. Kept frozen
88. Actually reduce the risk of heart disease.
a. Chylomicrons
b. HDLs
c. VLDLs
d. LDLs
89. If you want to buy pre-cooked meats at the grocery, the most healthful meats are
a. Rotisserie meats (the saturated fat drips off)
b. Deli meats (the extra sodium help preserve them)
c. Deep-fried meats (frying keeps saturated fat from seeping into the meat)
d. Breaded meats (provided you use whole-grain breading)
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90. Which oils should you purchase at the grocery for everyday use?
a. Palm oil
b. Coconut oil
c. Canola and olive oil
d. Lard and beef tallow
91. Can remove plaque from artery walls.
a. HDLs
b. VLDLs
c. HDLs
d. Chylomicrons
92. A good strategy for including dairy in the diet might include eating/drinking
a. soft cheeses.
b. non-fat milk and hard cheeses.
c. hard cheeses only.
d. whole milk.
93. Commercially-packaged ground turkey is usually ground with the skin.
a. True
b. False
94. When you’re at the grocery, you should purchase frozen foods with high-fat sauces added so
that you are not tempted to add high-fat sauces later!
a. True
b. False
95. Which is not a healthful cooking method for meat?
a. Grill, roast, broil
b. Bake, steam, poach
c. Microwave
d. Deep frying
96. To minimize the saturated fat obtained from cheese, we should choose
a. Mild cheeses
b. Strong cheeses
c. Cream cheeses
d. Sliced cheese
97. When eating at restaurants, beware! Salads may contain as much saturated fat as a fast-food
hamburger!
a. True!
b. False!
98. Which would be the most healthful food at a fast-food restaurant?
a. Fried chicken
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b. Hamburger without mayo
c. Fried fish sandwich
d. Side salad with extra ranch dressing
99. When dining at a Mexican restaurant, using salsa instead of cheese and sour cream markedly
reduces the saturated fat content of the dish.
a. True
b. False
100.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Which is not a characteristic of the Mediterranean diet?
Legumes and grain products such as pasta daily
Fresh fruits and veggies daily
Lean meats daily
Olive oil daily
101.
a.
b.
c.
d.
In the Mediterranean diet, which food is consumed not more than a few times per week?
Eggs
Poultry
Fish
All the above
102. A broiled chicken breast sandwich is usually more healthful than a deep-fried chicken
breast sandwich.
a. True
b. False
Unit 05 Practice Exam KEY
1b, 2b, 3a, 4d, 5a, 6b, 7c, 8a, 9a, 10d, 11b, 12a, 13c, 14b, 15a, 16c, 17a, 18c, 19d, 20d, 211, 22a,
23a, 24a, 25d, 26b, 27c, 28b, 29b, 30d, 31a, 32b, 33d, 34c, 35a, 36b, 37b, 38a, 39d, 40c, 41b,
42b, 43d, 44a, 45d, 46c, 47b, 48c, 49b, 50c, 51b, 52c, 53a, 54d, 55a, 56c, 57b, 58c, 59a, 60d,
61a, 62b, 63b, 64a, 65c, 66a, 67b, 68d, 69b, 70c, 71d, 72a, 73b, 74b, 75a, 76d, 77b, 78b, 79c,
80d, 81b, 82a, 83a, 84c, 85a, 86b, 87c, 88b, 89a, 90c, 91a, 92b, 93a, 94b, 95d, 96b, 97a, 98b,
99a, 100c, 101d, 102a.
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