Download 1 Ancient Egypt Note Skeleton: Egyptian Geography I. Egypt is in

Ancient Egypt Note Skeleton:
Egyptian Geography
I.
Egypt is in ______________________________________ and is partly covered by the
______________________________________
II.
Egypt would be largely lifeless if not for the __________________________________
a. Longest _________________________ in the world, travels more than
___________________ miles
b. The Northern ______________ forms a ______________________________________
c. The Southern ______________ is broken by ___________________________________
i. These create dangerous __________________________ and
________________ which make it impossible to travel
III.
Egypt is protected from the west by the ___________________ and from the East by the
__________________________
IV.
Just south of the City of __________________ the River divides into a __________________
a. Definition:
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
V.
The Nile ___________________ regularly during the ____________ season
a. Only way to fertilize the land
b. Egyptians regularly built ________________________ to control flood water
VI.
Nile has an abundance of _________________ including
__________________________________________________________________________
VII.
_________________ grows along the banks
a. Used by the Egyptians to make the first _________________________
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Egypt becomes a Dynasty
I.
By _______________________ Egypt was divided into ________________________, the
_______________________ and the ___________________. These were separated by
_________________________________.
II.
Around ________________________, a single ruler, ______________________________
turned these into a single kingdom
a. He combined the ________________________ into a single one to celebrate his victory
III.
Menes created the first _______________________________
a. Definition:
______________________________________________________________________
Egyptian Eras
I.
Ancient Egypt can be divided into ____________ eras
a. 1.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
b. 2.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
c. 3.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
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Egyptian Religion
I.
Like the __________________________, Egyptians were_________________________ with
their gods representing things in ________________________________________________
II.
Their chief god was ________________________
a. Lord of the ________________________, he judged _____________________________
b. Represented the Pharaoh in _________________
III.
He was assisted by ___________________________
a. God of ___________________, had the head of a ____________________________
IV.
Other Gods
a. _________________, was the god of the sun, considered creator of _____________
b. _________________, was the god of ________________________________________
i. Wife of ___________________________
c. _________________, was the god of wisdom, represented the ________________ in
life.
Obsessed with Death
I.
Egyptians believed that the afterlife would be ______________________________
a. Thus they had to _____________ their bodies
b. Believed that their spirits, known as ______________ would travel to heaven upon
death
c. Leaders built _______________ as far back as ____________ in order to help the
____________ travel upwards.
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d. First pyramid was built by ______________________ and was known as
_____________ pyramid
e. Built using _____________________________________________________________
f.
The Great Pyramids
i. Built over _____________________________ using stones weighing
________________
ii. Used more than _________________ blocks
iii. Capped with a ______________________ and covered in ______________
iv. Pharaohs used both __________________ and ______________ labor
1. Most workers on the ________________ did so willingly to honor
______________________________________
2. According to ______________________, Egyptians used as many as
____________ slaves to finish the project
g. According to the Egyptian ___________________________ the souls of the dead were
weighed against ________________________
i. If it was lighter ___________________________________________________
ii. If it was heavier __________________________________________________
II.
Embalming
a. Believed that body had to be preserved after death
i. Body would first be ______________________________________________
ii. Then it would be drained of ____________________ all ___________ would be
removed and placed into special jars called
_______________________________.
1. The _____________________ would be thrown away.
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iii. Body covered with _______________________ and wrapped in
__________________________
iv. ___________ to preserve the flesh
b. Egyptians would typically be buried with everything they would need in the afterlife
including ______________________________________________________________.
Egyptian Writing
I.
Developed a ______________________ writing system known as
______________________
II.
Archeologists did not understand Egyptian writing until the discovery of the
_________________________________
The Old Kingdom
I.
The Old Kingdom lasted until __________________
II.
Highly ______________ society
a. Definition:
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
III.
At the top of the society were the ____________________ and the ________________
a. Egyptians believed that their king embodied ___________________ in life and
________________________ in death.
IV.
Kings had absolute power
V.
Below the King were the ____________ and _________________that assisted in running
the country
a. Among their jobs were collected _____________________
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b. Assisting the __________________ and keeping _____________________
VI.
Below them were the ____________________ and ______________________
a. Farmed crops during the wet season and worked on public projects during the dry
season.
VII.
At the bottom were the _________________________
Life in Egypt
I.
Upper class enjoyed great luxuries
a. Houses were __________________________ with numerous _______________.
b. Pharaohs would often be buried with their _____________________ and
__________________.
c. Lower classes typically lived in ______________________________________________
II.
Egyptians generally wore ____________________________ made out of
________________
III.
Very fond of a brown dye called ______________ used to highlight __________________
IV.
Men of the nobility were expected to wear ____________________.
V.
Boys of the _________________ went to school to learn how to write
a. School would typically be at _____________________________________________
b. Subjects also included ____________________ and __________________________
c. Students typically had to work ________________ to master Hieroglyphics
Egypt falls to the Hyskos
I.
The Hyskos invade Egypt from the Northeast around ____________________
II.
They were a group of ___________________ that the Egyptians occasionally hired as
___________________________________
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a. Mercenaries were _______________________.
III.
Ruled Egypt for ______________________________
IV.
Egypt gained control thanks to ________________________________________
V.
_________________ becomes a vital part of the Empire, source of
_______________________________________________________________
The New Kingdom
I.
Lasted from _________________ until ________________ BCE
II.
During the New Kingdom, Egyptians began using the term ________________ to refer to
their Kings
III.
Founded by ________________________
IV.
Saw the rule of the first female Pharaoh, ________________________
a. Ruled for 20 years, and conquered _____________________________
b. Famous for building ________________________________
Height of the New Kingdom
I.
Under _______________________, Egypt conquered _________________ and
____________________
a. Grew extremely wealthy trading __________________________________________
II.
Around __________________________, Egypt attempted to push North and encountered
the _______________ Empire.
III.
Fought a vicious war that ended at the Battle of _________________
a. The Pharaoh was almost __________________ by Hittite forces
b. Hittites took heavy losses
c. Both sides sign a peace treaty
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IV.
Era of Great Building
a. The Pharaoh _____________________________ saw a period of great building across
Egypt
b. Built a massive ____________________________ Dedicated to Amun-Ra at Karnak
c. Lived for __________________ and fathered ____________ children
d. Vastly expanded the capital of ____________________________
Egypt’s power wanes
I.
In ________________ the Pharaoh _________________ attempts to make Egyptians
worship only the _________________________________.
II.
Destroys all other _______________________
III.
Workers sent out to smash statutes of other gods
IV.
Causes major unrest
V.
Akhenaton’s death results in his replacement by ____________________ who is ______
years old.
VI.
Priests order restoration of ______________________
VII.
Moves capital to __________________________.
VIII.
_____________________ assassinated at a young age to keep from gaining too much
power.
IX.
During the ___________ Egypt faces continuous ________________ from the South and
East
a. An invasion by ________________ destroys several Egyptian cities
b. These attacks leave Egypt weak and broken
X.
Egypt is eventually conquered by the ___________________ Empire
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