Download OPTICAL FIBER COMMUNICATION

Semester VI
Electronics & Communication Engineering
OPTICAL FIBER COMMUNICATION
(BT - 601)
Unit–I
Elements of fiber optic communication system Advantages and disadvantages of optical
communication over other communication systems. Ray theory of transmission and concept of
acceptance and numerical aperture from it. Wave theory of optical propagation, Cut-off wavelength,
group velocity and group delay , Types of different fibers.
Unit-II
Types of different fibers according to material used, according to refractive index profiles, and
according to the mode transmission, Materials used to manufacture fibers, manufacturing methods and
their relative study, Fiber optic cables, Encapsulation, strength numbers, characteristics of materials of
sheaths and other components, specific protection techniques, environmental effects and cable
designing.
Unit-III
Signal distortion in optical wave guides – Material dispersion, Wave-guide dispersion, inter modal
distortion, information capacity determination, Fiber optic splices, connectors and couplers, Coupling
losses – Splices – Connectors – Directional Couplers – Microlenses for coupling devices, Optical
sources – Wavelength considerations, Material considerations, Light emitting diodes – Laser diodes
and different modulation techniques
Unit-IV
Optical fiber measurements Measurements of Attenuation, dispersion, refraction index profile, and
numerical aperture, Fiber optics systems design – Design consideration – Optical Power budgeting,
rise time, budget – Digital fiber optic communication systems – analog fiber optic communication
systems. Co-herent optical fiber communication – Fundamental concept, homodyne and heterodyne
detection
Unit-V
Advanced systems and techniques; Optical amplifiers – integrated optical switches, Non-liner optical
effects, Optical detectors – Receivers, Noise considerations photo detectors their types, manufacturing
methods and relative merits and demerits. Technology trends, Optical multiplexer.
SCRIET, CCS University, Meerut
96
Semester VI
Electronics & Communication Engineering
T.V. & SATELLITE COMMUNICATION
(BT - 602)
Unit-I
Elements of TV Systems; Picture transmission & reception, composite video signal Fundamentals of
Monochrome & colour television system, modulation schemes bandwidth requirement frequency
allocation Standards of monochrome & colour TV Systems
Unit-II
Picture Tubes & camera Tubes: Monochrome & colour picture tubes, various camera tubes.
Television Transmitter & Receivers; Block Diagram of monochrome and colour TV transmitters and
receivers , Introduction to Modern TV Systems : Introduction to Cable TV Systems HDTV Satellite
TV. L.C.D, Plasma displays.
Unit-III
Introduction; Origin and brief history of satellite communication Elements of a satellite
communication link, Current status of satellite communication, Orbital Mechanism and Launching of
Satellite; Equation of orbit location, the satellite in the orbit, orbital elements, elevation and Azimuth
calculation, Geostationary and other orbits Mechanics of launching satellite.
Unit-IV
Space craft; Satellite subsystems, Telemetry, Tracking and Command (TT&C) , Communication
subsystem Transponders, Spacecraft antennas, Satellite Channel and link Design ; G/T ratio of earth
stations Design of down links and uplinks improvement factor. Earth Station Technology; Earth
Station Design, Earth Station Tracking, Low noise amplifiers.
Unit-V
Multiple Access Techniques; Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) FDM/FMFDMA Time
Division Multiple Access Frame structure and synchronization Code Division Multiple Access
Random Access.
SCRIET, CCS University, Meerut
97
Semester VI
Electronics & Communication Engineering
COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE
(BT - 603)
Unit-I
Introduction to Parallel Computer Models, Multiprocessor and Multicomputers, Computers, Pipeline
Computers. Vector Array Computers, Flynn Classification, (SISID, SIMD, MIMD, MISD ), SIMD
Array processors, SIMD Interconnection network.
Unit-II
Architectural Development, Multiprocessor, Multivector, Multithreaded, Data flow tracks.Program
and Network Properties, Condition of Parallelism, Interconnection Network.
Unit-III
Instruction Set Architecture, C.I.S.C, R.I.S.C Scalar Processor, Super Scalar and Vector Processor.
Register, General register organization, Register transfer, Bus and memory transfer, Program control,
and Status bit condition.
Unit-IV
Pipelining and Super Scalar Technique, Clock, Timing and SIMD Computers, Interconnect Network,
in brief Message Passing and Multithread Concepts, Hazard detection and resolution, Job sequencing
and Collision prevention.
Unit-V
Peripheral Devices Organization; Programmed and Interrupt Control Mechanism, Asynchronous &
Synchronous data transfer, direct memory access, Bus Architecture, Bandwidths. Processor
Organization; Advanced Processor Technology, Design of Processor, Formats, Single accumulator
organization, General accumulator organization.
SCRIET, CCS University, Meerut
98
Semester VI
Electronics & Communication Engineering
MICROWAVE ENGINEERING AND ITS APPLICATION
(EC- 604)
Unit-I
Impedance transformer and matching ;design of complex impedance mismatch factor wave guide
reactive elements , quarter wave transformer , binomial transformer chebyshev transformer , tapered
transmission
Unit-II
Periodic structures and filters capacitive loaded transmission line circuit analysis, wave analysis of
periodic structure of TWT ,Introduction to microwave filters ,Image parameter method of filter design
, Specification of Power losses , some low pass filter design ,Frequency transformation ,Impedance and
admittance inverters
Unit-III
Microwave tubes ; Klystron reflex klystron ,O-type TWT,M-type TWT, Solid state microwave devices
BJT ,FET, microwave amplifier design using S-parameters, Amplifier power gain and stability criteria,
low noise amplifier design, microwave amplifier design parametric amplifiers, Oscillators and mixers,
Gun oscillator, IMPATT and TRAPATT diodes, tunnel diode .
Unit–IV
Wave propagations in wave guide TEM ,TE,TM, HE wave propagation of wave in rectangular
waveguide, TEm,n and TMm,n modes, guide wave length, phase velocity, group velocity and
dominant mode, wave impedance &power transmission wave guide, circular wave guide .
Unit-V
Microwave measurements VSWR, Power, insertion loss and attenuation, impedance & frequency, T junctions (E-plane, H-plane &magic tee), properties of S matrix, hybrid rings, applications of magic
tee, ferrite devices; gyrator, Isolator, Circulator & Directional Coupler and Microwave Applications.
SCRIET, CCS University, Meerut
99
Semester VI
Electronics & Communication Engineering
ANTENNA AND WAVE PROPOGATION
(BT - 605)
Unit-I
Electromagnetic Field Radiation: Radiation from an oscillating current element, short monopole and
dipole, Half wave dipole, Radiation Pattern, Power radiated, Radiation Resistance.Antenna
Terminology: Antenna Theorems, Superposition, and Reciprocity. Isotropic radiator, Directive Gain,
Power Gain, Efficiency, Effective Area, Effective length, Bandwidth, Beam Width & Polarization,
Directional patterns, Directivities, Effective Antenna Impedance.
Unit-II
Antenna Arrays: Uniform linear Arrays-broadside, end fire, Collinear, Parasitic arrays, Pattern
multiplication. Practical Antennas : VLF,LF & MF Transmitting antennas Vertical radiator, Effect of
ground, Grounded Antenna Top Loading and Tuning, Antenna Arrays in MF Band.
Unit-III
Antenna coupling at medium frequency, Traveling wave antenna, long wire Harmonic antennas,
Rhombic antenna. VHF & UHF Antennas-folded dipoles, Yagi, corner reflector, Helical, Frequency
independent Logperiodic antenna. Microwave antennas-parabolic reflector, feed system, Lens
antennas, Radio wave Propagation: Models of wave propagation – Ground Wave & Surface wave.
Unit-IV
Virtual Height, Maximum Usable Frequency, Skip Distance, Noise Precipitation, Static Fading, MultiHop Propagation, Space wave Propagation – Range, Effect of Earth’s Curvature, Troposphere
Propagation, Duct Propagation., Wave Propagation effect of earth & Terrain, Ionosphere Propagation,
Structure of ionosphere, Sky Wave Propagation, Critical Frequency, Effect of Earth’s Magnetic Field
SCRIET, CCS University, Meerut
100