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Transcript
Chapter 9 Vocabulary Motion and Energy Lesson 1 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Position – the location of an object Motion – a change in position over time Frame of reference – a group of objects from which you can measure a position or the motion Speed – how fast an object’s position changes over time Velocity – the measurement that combines both the speed and the direction of a moving object Acceleration – the change in velocity over time for an object Momentum – the product of mass multiplied by velocity Lesson 2 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Force – any push of pull from one object to another Friction – a force that opposes the motion of one object moving past another Balanced forces – when forces act on an object without changing its motion Unbalanced forces – a force that causes an object to change its motion Action force – the push of the 1st object on the second Reaction force – the push of the second object back on the first Lesson 3 1. 2. 3. 4. Energy – the ability to perform work or to change an object Potential energy – the energy that is stored in the position or the structure of an object Chemical potential energy – the energy in the links between atoms and molecules (food) Elastic potential energy – the energy stored by something that can stretch or compress (spring, rubber band) 5. Gravitational potential energy – the energy of an object possesses due to its position above earth’s surface 6. Kinetic energy – the energy of a moving object Lesson 4 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Wavelength – the distance between one peak and the next in a wave Photon – a tiny bundle of energy by which light travels Reflection – the term for any wave that hits a surface and bounces off Absorption – the transfer of energy when a wave disappears into a surface Refraction – the bending of waves as they pass from one substance into another Prism – a cut piece of clear glass or plastic in the form of a triangle or other geometric shape Spectrum – the band of color in a rainbow, or from a light passing through a prism Electromagnetism – the way in which electric and magnetic forces interact