Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Name Date Atmosphere Section 1 Earth’s Atmosphere Skim the headings in Section 1. Then make three predictions about what you will learn. Accept all reasonable responses. 1. Earth’s atmosphere is important to our survival. 2. Earth’s atmosphere is made up mostly of gases, but includes some solids and liquids. 3. Earth’s atmosphere is made up of several layers, and each impacts our existence in some way. Review Vocabulary Define pressure in a sentence that shows its scientific meaning. pressure The pressure of air blown inside a balloon makes it inflate. atmosphere thin layer of air that forms a protective covering around the planet ionosphere thin layer of electrically charged particles that is within the mesosphere and the thermosphere ultraviolet radiation one of the many types of energy that come to Earth from the Sun chlorofluorocarbon chemical compound used in some refrigerators, air conditioners, and aerosol sprays Academic Vocabulary Use a dictionary to define trace in terms of a scientific amount. trace 2 Atmosphere very small amount Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. New Vocabulary Use your book or a dictionary to define the following key terms. Name Date Section 1 Earth’s Atmosphere Importance of the Atmosphere I found this information on page . (continued) Summarize why Earth’s atmosphere is important to life on Earth. It keeps Earth from absorbing too much heat from the Sun. It keeps too much heat from escaping into space. It protects life-forms from some of the Sun’s harmful rays. Makeup of the Atmosphere I found this information on page . Compare the amount of gases in the atmosphere by rereading the section and analyzing the circle graph in your book. Then complete the following paragraph. Accept all reasonable responses. The gas that makes up most of the atmosphere is Oxygen nitrogen . makes up 21 percent of the atmosphere. Oxygen gas is important because many living things, including humans, depend on it to survive. Although carbon dioxide makes up only 0.03% of the atmosphere it is a concern because Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. as humans burn fuel, the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere will increase. This may contribute to global warming. Layers of the Atmosphere Model the layers of the atmosphere by drawing them. Label and describe the characteristics of each layer. I found this information on page . Accept all reasonable descriptions of characteristics. Drawings should depict the layers in this order. Exosphere: contains so few air molecules that the Space Shuttles’ wings are useless here Thermosphere: hottest, thickest layer Mesosphere: layer in which meteors are often observed Stratosphere: contains ozone layer Troposphere: where clouds and weather occur Atmosphere 3 Name Date Section 1 Earth’s Atmosphere Atmospheric Pressure I found this information on page . (continued) Model how air pressure changes as you go higher in the atmosphere by creating a drawing in which dots represent air molecules. To the right, describe the cause of air pressure. Air Molecules Accept all reasonable responses. As Earth’s gravity pulls the Molecules should be closely spaced at bottom of model and gradually spaced further apart toward the top. atmosphere’s gases toward its surface, the weight of these gases presses down on the air below. As a result, the molecules nearer Earth’s surface are closer together. I found this information on page . Compare the temperature changes that occur as you go higher in the troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, and thermosphere. Use the figure in your book to help you. Accept all reasonable responses. As you go higher in the troposphere, temperature decreases. In the lower part of the stratosphere, the temperature stays the same as it was in the highest point of the troposphere. Beyond the first 10 km of the stratosphere, however, temperature increases. Temperature drops again in the mesosphere, and then rises dramatically in the thermosphere. CONNECT IT Why did many governments around the world agree to ban the production and use of CFCs in the mid-1990s? Responses should reflect that leaking CFCs was a worldwide problem. To effectively reduce CFCs in the atmosphere, it was important to get as many countries as possible that contribute to the problem to agree to the ban. 4 Atmosphere Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Temperature in Atmospheric Layers