Download Chapter 36 - The Cold War Begins 1945

Chapter 36 - The Cold War Begins 1945-1952
1. Explain the causes and consequences of the post–World War II economic boom.
2. Describe the large postwar migrations to the Sunbelt and the suburbs.
3. Explain changes in American society and culture brought about by the baby boom.
4. Explain the origin and causes of the emerging conflict between the United States and the Soviet Union after Germany’s
defeat and Truman’s accession to the presidency.
5. Describe the early U.S.-Soviet Cold War conflicts over Germany and Eastern Europe, and explain why the United Nations
proved largely ineffectual in addressing them.
6. Discuss the American theory and practice of containment, as reflected in the Truman Doctrine, the Marshall Plan, and
NATO.
7. Describe the concern about Soviet spying and communist subversion within the United States and the increasing climate of
fear it engendered.
8. Describe the expansion of the Cold War to East Asia, including the Chinese communist revolution and the Korean War.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
h)
i)
j)
Harry S. Truman
George F. Kennan
Douglas MacArthur
Dean Acheson
Joseph McCarthy
Julius and Ethel Rosenberg
Reinhold Niebuhr
J. Robert Oppenheimer
Henry Wallace
Thomas Dewey
k)
l)
m)
Adlai Stevenson
Dwight Eisenhower
Richard M. Nixon
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Yalta Conference
Cold War
U.N. Security Council
Nuremberg trials
iron curtain
Berlin airlift
“containment doctrine”
Truman Doctrine
Marshall Plan
National Security Act
white flight
North Atlantic Treaty
Organization (NATO)
13. Taft-Hartley Act
14. House Committee on UnAmerican Activities (HUAC)
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
McCarran Act
Atomic Energy Commission
Dixiecrats
Fair Deal
hydrogen bomb
NSC-68
thirty-eighth parallel
Chapter 37 - The Eisenhower Era 1952–1960
1. Describe the changes in the American consumer economy in the 1950s and their relationship to the rise of popular mass
culture.
2. Describe the Republicans’ return to power under Eisenhower and the rise and decline of McCarthyism.
3. Trace the emergence of the civil rights movement in the 1950s and its initial impact on American race relations and the
nation’s image abroad.
4. Describe the practice of Eisenhower Republicanism in the 1950s, including domestic consequences of the Cold War.
5. Outline the Eisenhower-Dulles approach to the Cold War and the nuclear arms race with the Soviet Union.
6. Indicate how Eisenhower’s foreign policy was implemented in Vietnam, the Middle East, and Cuba.
7. Describe the issues and outcome of the tight Kennedy-Nixon presidential campaign of 1960.
8. Summarize the major changes in American culture in the 1950s, including the rise of Jewish, southern, and African
American writers and playwrights.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
h)
i)
j)
Betty Friedan
Billy Graham
Dwight Eisenhower
Joseph McCarthy
Martin Luther King Jr.
Richard Nixon
Ho Chi Minh
No Dinh Diem
Nikita Khrushchev
Fidel Castro
k)
l)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
John F. Kennedy
Ralph Ellison
“cult of domesticity”
McCarthyism
Sit-ins
“massive retaliation”
“spirit of Camp David”
rocket (Sputnik) fever”
The Feminine Mystique
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
“televangelists”
checkers speech
army McCarthy hearings
Brown vs. Board of
Education
Montgomery bus boycott
Dien Bien Phu
Suez crisis
Eisenhower Doctrine
Landrum-Griffith Act
17. U-2 incident
18. Sputnik
19. National Defense
Education Act
20. St. Lawrence seaway
21. Twenty-second
amendment
Chapter 38 - The Stormy Sixties 1960–1968
1. Describe the high expectations stirred by Kennedy’s New Frontier and his limited success in achieving his domestic
objectives.
2. Analyze the theory of Kennedy’s doctrine of flexible response to communist challenges around the world and its dangerous
application in Vietnam.
3. Describe Johnson’s succession to the presidency in 1963, his electoral landslide over Goldwater in 1964, and his Great
Society successes of 1965.
4. Discuss the course of the black movement of the 1960s, from civil rights to Black Power.
5. Outline the steps by which Johnson led the United States deeper into the Vietnam quagmire.
6. Explain how the Vietnam War brought turmoil to American society and eventually drove Johnson and the divided
Democrats from power in 1968.
7. Describe the youthful cultural rebellions of the 1960s in the United States and around the world, and indicate which of their
features quickly faded and which endured.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
h)
i)
j)
John F. Kennedy
Robert F. Kennedy
Robert S. McNamara
Walt Whitman Rostow
Martin Luther King, Jr.
Lyndon B. Johnson
Michael Harrington
Barry Goldwater
Malcolm X
Stokely Carmichael
k)
l)
m)
n)
o)
J. William Fulbright
Eugene McCarthy
Hubert H. Humphrey
Richard M. Nixon
George Wallace
1.
2.
3.
4.
Flexible response
modernization theory
credibility gap
new frontier
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
peace corps
Bay of Pigs
Cuban missile crisis
Alliance for progress
Freedom rides
March on Washington
War on Poverty
Great Society
Gulf of Tonkin Resolution
Civil Rights Act of 1964
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
Voting Rights Act of 1965
“black power”
Six-Day war
Operation Rolling Thunder
“hawks” and “doves”
Tet offense
“Beat” poets
Free Speech Movement
Students for a Democratic
Society
Chapter 39 - The Stalemated Seventies 1968–1980
1. Describe Nixon’s foreign policy in relation to Vietnam, the Soviet Union, and Communist China.
2. Analyze Nixon’s domestic policies, his opposition to the “Warren Court,” his southern strategy, and his landslide victory
against George McGovern in 1972.
3. Examine the political and economic tensions created by the secret bombing of Cambodia, the American withdrawal from
Vietnam, and the first Arab oil embargo.
4. Discuss the Watergate scandals, Nixon’s resignation, and Ford’s unelected presidency.
5. Explain the closely intertwined economic, energy, and Middle East crises of the 1970s and why both Republican and
Democratic administrations were unable to address them successfully.
6. Describe the racial tensions of the 1970s, especially over school busing and affirmative action.
7. Discuss the rise of second-wave feminism in the United States and elsewhere, and the conservative resistance to it that
blocked the Equal Rights Amendment.
8. Indicate how Jimmy Carter’s outsider presidency fell into political disarray, culminating in the Iranian hostage crisis
humiliation.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
h)
i)
j)
k)
l)
Richard Nixon
Spiro Agnew
Henry Kissinger
Warren Burger
Rachel Carson
George McGovern
Thomas Eagleton
John Dean III
Gerald Ford
Phyllis Schlafley
Jimmy Carter
Thurgood Marshall
m)
n)
Mohammed Reza Pahlevi (Shah
of Iran)
Leonid Brezhnev
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Détente
impoundment
revenue sharing
executive privilege
vietnamization
Nixon Doctrine
My Lai massacre
Cambodian incursion
Kent State Killings
10. Anti-Ballistic Missiles (ABM)
11. Philadelphia plan
12. Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA)
13. Occupational Health and Safety
Administration
14. Clean Air Act
15. War Powers Act
16. energy crisis
17. OPEC
18. Watergate scandal
19. CREEP
20. twenty-fifth amendment
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
Saturday night massacre
Helsinki Accords
Title IX
Equal Rights Amendment
(ERA)
Roe v. Wade
Bakke case
wounded knee
National Organization for
Women (NOW)
Camp David agreement
SALT II treaty
Iranian hostage crisis
Chapter 40 - The Resurgence of Conservatism 1980–1992
1. Describe the rise of Reagan and the New Right in the 1980s, including their effective use of social issues like abortion,
affirmative action, and homosexuality.
2. Explain the Reagan revolution in economic policy, and indicate its immediate and long-term consequences.
3. Describe the revival of the Cold War in Reagan’s first term and the consequences of Reagan’s tough stands toward the
Soviet Union.
4. Discuss the growing American entanglement in Central American and Middle Eastern troubles in the 1980s, including the
Iran-Contra Affair.
5. Describe the change in Soviet policies initiated by Mikhail Gorbachev and Reagan’s second-term turn to negotiation with
the Soviets.
6. Analyze the growing power of the religious right in American politics and the battles over abortion and other issues before
the Supreme Court.
7. Describe the end of the Cold War and its complex consequences for America’s foreign relations and domestic economy.
8. Explain America’s growing involvement in the Middle East, including the First Persian Gulf War and its aftermath.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
h)
i)
j)
k)
l)
Jimmy Carter
Edward Kennedy
Ronald Reagan
Norman Podhoretz
Irving Kristol
Walter Mondale
Mikhail Gorbachev
Geraldine Ferraro
Corazon Aquino
Sandra Day O’Connor
Jerry Falwell
Jesse Jackson
m)
n)
o)
p)
q)
r)
s)
t)
Robert Bork
Michael Dukakis
George Herbert Walker Bush
Boris Yeltsin
Saddam Hussein
Norman Schwartzkopf
Clarence Thomas
Anita Hill
1.
2.
3.
“supply-side” economics
Perestroika
Glasnost
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
new religious right
identity politics
rainbow coalition
ethnic cleansing
“ABC” movement
Chappaquiddick
Reaganomics
yuppies
strategic defense initiative
(“star wars”)
13. contras
14. Sandinistas
15. Intermediate-Range Nuclear
Force (INF)
16. Iran-Contra Affair
17. Planned Parenthood v.
Casey
18. Roe v. Wade
19. Operation Desert Storm
40. Americans With Disabilities
Act
41. “gender gap”
Chapter 41 - America Confronts the Post–Cold War Era 1992–2009
1. Describe the major domestic developments of the Clinton administration, including Clinton’s attempts to govern as a
New Democrat and the fierce partisan warfare against him conducted by Gingrich Republicans.
2. Discuss the causes and consequences of the violence that plagued American society in the 1990s.
3. Discuss America’s challenges in developing a foreign policy in the post–Cold War environment, including the U.S.
intervention in the Balkans and the continuing failure to achieve peace in the Middle East.
4. Describe the disputed 2000 election between Albert Gore, Jr. and George W. Bush, and indicate how and why
American politics remained sharply polarized the first decade of the twenty-first century.
5. Discuss the impact of the September 11 terrorist attacks on American society and global involvements, including
the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq.
6. Describe President George Bush’s domestic and foreign policies, and explain why they met increasing opposition
after Bush’s victory in the 2004 election.
7. Indicate how both Democrats and Republicans attempted to respond to the concerns about the economy and the
Iraq War, and identify each nominated presidential candidate strongly advocating change from the Bush
administration.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
h)
i)
j)
k)
l)
m)
n)
o)
p)
William Clinton
George H.W. Bush
J. Danforth Quayle
H. Ross Perot
Ruth Bader Ginsburg
Carol Mosely-Braun
Donna Shalala
Henry Cisneros
Ron Brown
Janet Reno
Hillary Rodham Clinton
Newt Gingrich
Robert Dole
John McCain
Madeleine Albright
Monica Lewinsky
q)
r)
s)
t)
u)
v)
w)
x)
y)
z)
aa)
bb)
cc)
Kenneth Starr
William Rehnquist
Ralph Nader
Al Gore
George W. Bush
Richard Cheney
James Jeffords
Osama bin Laden
Colin Powell
Saddam Hussein
John Ashcroft
Arnold Schwarzenegger
John Kerry
1.
2.
“culture wars”
“unfunded mandates”
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
globalization
“ethnic cleansing”
“red” and “blue” states
“a-symmetrical warfare”
“axis of evil”
New Democrats
Brady Bill
Branch Davidians
Columbine High School
Welfare Reform Bill
Contract with America
Hopwood v. Texas
World Trade Organization
(WTO)
16. Kosovo
17. Whitewater
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
September 11, 2001
World Trade Center
Al Qaeda
Taliban
USA-Patriot Act
Weapons of Mass Destruction
(WMD)
Enron and Worldcom
Gratz v. Bollinger
Grutter v. Bollinger
UNMOVIC
International Atomic Energy
Agency
Kyoto Treaty
Chapter 42 - The American People Face a New Century
1. Describe the changing shape of the American economy and work force and the new social and ethical challenges
facing the United States in a global economy dominated by high technology and scientific innovation.
2. Explain the impact of the feminist revolution on women’s roles and on American society as a whole.
3. Analyze the changing structure and character of American families, and explain the social consequences of the
aging of America.
4. Describe the impact of the great wave of immigration from Asia and Latin America since the 1970s and the
challenge it posed to the traditional ideals of the melting pot.
5. Describe the difficulties and challenges facing American cities, including the increasing split between central cities
and outer suburbs.
6. Describe the changing condition of African Americans in American politics and society, including the impact of
economic differences within the African American community.
7. Describe the impact of the information technology revolution on American economics, communications, and culture.
8. Discuss the major developments in American thought, culture, and the arts since the 1970s.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
h)
i)
j)
Jonas Salk
Cesar Chavez
Douglas Wilder
O. J. Simpson
Condoleezza Rice
Randolph Bourne
Norman MacLean
Toni Morrison
Maxine Hong Kingston
Frank McCourt
k)
l)
m)
n)
o)
Sandra Cisneros
Jackson Pollock
David Mamet
Frank Lloyd Wright
Eero Saarinen
1.
2.
3.
4.
“dot.com” businesses
“outsourcing”
stem cell research
Big Science
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
research universities
gender gap
multiculturalism
abstract expressionism
Pop Art
postmodernism
Microsoft Corporation
Human Genome Project
National Aeronautics and Space
Administration (NASA)
14. Immigration Reform and
Control Act of 1986
15. United Farm Workers
Organizing Committee
16. Cinco de mayo
17. National Endowment for the
Arts