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BIO 101 Lab Practical 2 Cellular Respiration Cellular respiration = glycolysis + citric acid cycle + oxidative phosphorylation Glucose + Oxygen Carbon dioxide + Water C6H12O6 6 O2 6 CO2 6 H2O Reagents: Bromthymol blue dye - indicator dye, turns yellow in presence of CO2 Experiments - Exhaled air vs. room air - Crickets vs. seedlings - Plant in light versus dark - Fermentation by yeast in glucose versus starch Know results, independent variable and dependent variable for each experiment Domain and kingdom of organisms used in experiments --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Taxonomy –classifying organisms Domain Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus species Taxonomy for Homo sapiens Scientific name = Genus and species Domain Archaea Rare prokaryotes, extreme environments Domain Bacteria Unicellular Prokaryotic Most heterotrophs and saprotrophs Some autotrophs - chemosynthetic or photosynthetic Binary fission Identify: Slides: Bacillus, Coccus, Spirillum shapes Cyanobacteria (live culture) Agar plate Bacteria from hands Antibiotic sensitivity of bacteria –diameter of no growth area --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Domain Eukarya Kingdom Protista Slides – Identify and review characteristics of each organism Trypanosoma – In blood, causes African sleeping sickness. Flagella Trichonympha -symbiont digests cellulose in wood for termite. Flagella Amoeba – pseudopods Plasmodium – in red blood cells, causes malaria Paramecium - cilia Euglena - chlorophyll, flagella Physarum -slime mold Model paramecium – structures and function of each Cilia Contractile vacuole 1 BIO 101 Lab Practical 2 Algae Photosynthetic autotrophs Green Algae Unicellular green algae Colonial green algae Multicellular green algae Chlamydomonas Volvox Brown Algae Multicellular, marine, seaweed Holdfast, blade, stipe Identify specimen Red Algae Identify specimen Concept Questions What is visually (using a microscope) different about the blood of a person with malaria, caused by Plasmodium, and the blood of a person with African sleeping sickness, caused by Trypanosoma? What are characteristics of green algae and multicellular land plants that suggest green algae are ancestral to plants? List 3 characteristics. Euglena is unicellular and contains chlorophyll. So does Chlamydamonas. But, Euglena is not considered to be algae. Why? ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Cell Division Onion root tip and whitefish blastula slides and photos. Identify features of each. Interphase Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Terms and concepts Binary fission Cell cycle = Interphase + Mitosis Cell plate Centriole Centromere Chromosomes condense Cleavage furrow Cytokinesis Daughter cell Diploid Haploid Human diploid and haploid chromosome number Homologous chromosomes Metaphase plate Mitosis Mitotic spindle Nuclear membrane Parent cell Poles of cell Sister chromatids ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2 BIO 101 Lab Practical 2 Heredity Terms and concepts Allele Codominance (A and B alleles of I gene) Dominant allele Dwarf and tall alleles (t and T) Gametes Gene Green and albino alleles (G and g) Heterozygous Homozygous dominant Homozygous recessive Multiple alleles (blood group I gene) Purple and yellow kernel color alleles (P and p) Recessive allele Complete Punnett square for one gene crosses Chi square and how to use table -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Gel Electrophoresis Agarose Analysis of results with respect to dye charge Comb Electrophoresis technique with respect to charge of molecule, size of molecule gel density, voltage Gel former Micropipetter Tank 3