Download Roaring 20s section 2

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February 22, 2013
Roaring Twenties sec. 2
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Life during the 1920s
The Big Idea
Americans faced new opportunities, challenges, and fears as major changes swept the country in the 1920s.
Main Ideas
• In the 1920s many young people found new independence in a changing society.
• Postwar tensions occasionally led to fear and violence.
• Competing ideals caused conflict between Americans with traditional beliefs and those with modern views.
• Following the war, minority groups organized to demand their civil rights.
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Main Idea 1:
In the 1920s many young people found new independence in a changing society.
• After the war, many young people moved to cities.
• By 1920 more than half of the country’s population lived in urban areas.
• Took advantage of 1920s economic boom to gain independence
• New youth culture developed
• Access to education grew.
• High school attendance doubled in 1920s.
• More attended colleges and universities.
• Women also found new opportunities.
• Number of women in workforce continued to grow.
• New roles in politics
• Some women, known as flappers, openly challenged traditional ideas of how women were supposed to behave.
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Women in the 1920s found new opportunities.
True
False
Flappers in the 1920s 4
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Main Idea 2:
Postwar tensions occasionally led to fear and violence.
• Negative attitudes toward Communists grew in the 1920s.
• After Communists took power in Russia in 1917, Americans worried that they would soon try to gain power in the United States.
• Many Americans blamed Communists and radicals for labor strikes and other problems.
• Attitudes led to a Red Scare, a time of fear of Communists, or Reds.
• Communists were held responsible for bombings and killings.
• Bombs were found in postal packages addressed to famous Americans and Communists were held responsible.
• Political official’s home was bombed and police raids were organized to break up Communist and radical groups.
• Italian anarchists, Sacco and Vanzetti, were convicted and executed for the robbery and murder of a factory paymaster and his guard.
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Many Americans blamed Communists and radicals for labor strikes and other problems which led to this fear of Communists in the United States.
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A
Communism Fear
B
Red Fear
C
Soviet Union Fears
D
Red Scare
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Restricting Immigration
• Concerns about immigration
• Some Americans believed there was a general fear of foreigners.
• Many recent immigrants were poor and did not speak English.
• Some Americans saw immigrants as a threat to jobs and culture.
• Government responded to these concerns with new laws.
• Emergency Quota Act of 1921 limited total number of immigrants allowed into the country.
• National Origins Act of 1924 banned immigration from East Asia entirely and reduced the number of immigrants allowed into the country.
• Drastic drop in immigration to the United States
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Why did some Americans want laws passed limiting the amount of immigrants allowed into the U.S. (Choose 3)
A
Immigrants didn't want to come to the U.S.
B
General fear of foreigners
C
Immigrants took the high paying jobs
D
Saw immigrants as a threat to jobs and culture
E
Immigrants didn't like the U.S. F
Some immigrants were poor and didn't speak English
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Main Idea 3:
Competing ideals caused conflict between Americans with traditional beliefs and those with modern views.
Prohibition
• The Eighteenth Amendment outlawed the manufacture, sale, and transport of alcoholic beverages. • Difficult to enforce
• Many broke the law.
• Law reduced consumption, but did not stop Americans from drinking.
• Support strongest in rural areas
• Opposition strongest in cities
By the end of the 1920s, the nation was weary of the effects of • Religious Ideals
prohibition.
• Believed that it would be better to have a legal alcohol trade with government monitoring
• The Twenty­first Amendment was passed in 1933, which ended prohibition.
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Prohibition (outlawed alcohol) successfully stopped all Americans from consuming alcoholic beverages.
True
False
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Religious Ideals
Fundamentalism
• Religious leaders were concerned abut the youth culture and the failure of prohibition in the 1920s.
• Wanted to return to traditional values
• Led to a movement of fundamentalism– characterized by the belief in a literal, or word­for­word, interpretation of the Bible
• Used the radio and modern marketing tools to draw followers
• Strong in rural areas and small towns
• Believed that modern scientific theories conflicted with teachings of the Bible
• Opposed the teaching of evolution in public schools
• Laws were passed in many states and cities to prevent the teaching of evolution.
• Scopes trial in 1925
• Tennessee teacher John T. Scopes put on trial for teaching evolution
• Scopes convicted and fined $100 for breaking the law
• State supreme court later overturned conviction.
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This is the belief in a literal, or word­for­word, interpretation of the Bible that was popular in the 1920s.
A
Biblism
B
religious Movement
C
fundamentalism
D
foundation movement
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Main Idea 4:
Following the war, minority groups organized to demand their civil rights.
• Great Migration– large numbers of African Americans left South to take jobs in northern factories after the war and through the 1920s.
• Some white laborers feared competition for jobs.
• Race riots broke out.
• Ku Klux Klan gained more strength. • Harassed African Americans, Catholics, Jews, and immigrants
• Worked against urbanization, women’s rights, and modern technology
• Became influential in politics
• More than 5 million members
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Protecting Rights
• African Americans began working to protect their rights.
• The NAACP placed advertisements in newspapers presenting harsh facts about lynchings in the South.
• Marcus Garvey encouraged black people to express pride in their culture and establish economic independence.
• Black nationalism movement took root.
• Hispanic Americans organized to fight prejudice and promote civil rights
• Formed the League of United Latin American Citizens in 1929
• Native Americans fought to establish their rights.
• In 1924 Congress passed the Indian Citizenship Act, granting citizenship to all Native Americans.
• Successfully prevented the federal government from taking back reservation lands
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This is the movement of large numbers of African Americans from the South to take jobs in northern factories.
A
African American Migration
B
Great Migration
C
Migration North
D
Northern Migration
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Do you think the 21st amendment should have been passed ending Prohibition.
Yes
No
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