Download Geography Review Questions 1. Early civilizations developed

Geography Review Questions
1.
Early civilizations developed mainly in
1.
2.
3.
4.
areas with abundant mineral resources
valleys near rivers
areas with climatic diversity
mountainous areas
2.
Which is a valid generalization about Latin America?
1.
2.
3.
4.
Most Latin Americans live in isolated farm villages.
The majority of the governments in Latin America are communist.
Most Latin Americans are descendants of immigrants from Africa.
Latin America is a region of racial and cultural diversity.
3.
The map illustrates the concept of
1.
2.
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4.
mercantilism
isolationism
socialism
feudalism
4.
The term “Latin America” most accurately refers to the
1.
2.
3.
4.
areas of the Western Hemisphere south of the United States
countries that belong to the Organization of American States (OAS)
continents of North and South America
countries that have close economic ties with Spain
5.
In many Latin American nations, reliance on the production of a single cash crop has led
to
1.
2.
3.
4.
economic dependence on other nations
rapid repayment of foreign loans
a high per capita gross national product
development of a strong industrial economy
6.
Which conclusion is valid concerning the food shortages in some nations of Africa and
Asia during the 1970s and 1980s?
1.
2.
3.
4.
Misuse of the land has destroyed many rich food-producing regions.
Too few people in Africa and Asia are involved in food production.
Acid rain has been the major cause of crop failures.
European nations stopped shipping food to these regions.
7.
“The nations of this region ignore the coming nightmare at their own peril. The flow of
water has always been dangerously thin. Some experts predict that by the year 2000,
water, not oil, will be the dominant concern in this region.”
Which region is referred to in this quotation?
1.
2.
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4.
Southeast Asia
Eastern Europe
Latin America
Middle East
8.
Recent archaeological studies suggest the theory that
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2.
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the earliest humans evolved in the Rift Valley in Africa
farming societies developed before hunting and gathering societies
all the continents were settled at about the same time
the wheel was used by all ancient societies
9.
The development of ancient civilizations in Egypt, Mesopotamia, India, and China
indicates the importance of
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2.
3.
4.
heavy forestation
mountain passes
rugged coastlines
river valleys
10.
Which statement is a valid generalization about the geography of Africa?
1.
2.
3.
4.
The continent of Africa has diverse resources and topography.
Most African nations have vast oil reserves.
The nations of North Africa are dominated by rain forests.
The irregular coastline of Africa provides many excellent harbors.
11.
A major obstacle to economic development in China has been
1.
2.
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4.
the size of its population
a scarcity of mineral resources
a lack of nationalistic feelings among its people
its refusal to accept aid from other Asian nations
12.
The Middle East's designation as a “cultural crossroads” developed primarily as a result
of the region’s
1.
2.
3.
4.
technological achievements
political stability
geographic location
religious unity
13.
Throughout the 1800s, Russia was interested in acquiring Turkey mainly because
Russia wanted
1.
2.
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4.
to maintain peace in the Middle East
access to the Mediterranean Sea
to reestablish the Byzantine Empire
the rich farmland of the Anatolian Plateau
14.
In Africa, South Asia, and Latin America, people have moved from rural villages to
urban areas to
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2.
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4.
avoid the high cost of living in rural areas
escape the poor climates in rural areas
find job opportunities in the cities
live among people of different ethnic backgrounds
15.
A comparison of a map that shows the physical features of the Earth with a map that
shows population density would most likely lead to the conclusion that
1.
2.
3.
4.
physical features are not related to where people live
physical features determine a nation's system of government
the most industrialized countries are in the Southern Hemisphere
the areas with the best water resources are the most heavily populated
16.
In China, regional differences in food crops, types of homes, and clothing are most likely
the result of
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2.
3.
4.
social mobility
nationalism and colonialism
government directives
geography and climate
17.
Which feature of Chinese agriculture led to the development of the other three?
1.
2.
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4.
growing rice and grains for their high food value
building of irrigation systems
scarcity of fertile land
intensive farming methods
18.
The Persian Gulf, the Straits of Hormuz, and the Suez Canal are strategically important
because they are
1.
2.
3.
4.
under the control of Communist nations
at the center of the world's major illegal drug trade
the cause of friction between Israel and its Arab neighbors
trade routes for petroleum exports to nations around the world
19.
The Russian steppe is most similar in topography to the
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2.
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4.
mountains in Switzerland
deserts in the Middle East
rain forests in South America
savannas in Africa
20.
Geographic diversity in the Middle East has contributed to
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2.
3.
4.
unequal standards of living
a common economic system
similar political systems
military alliances with Japan
21.
A major environmental problem affecting Latin America, sub-Saharan Africa, and
Southeast Asia has been
1.
2.
3.
4.
air pollution
deforestation
disposal of nuclear waste
acid rain
22.
The Suez Canal, the Panama Canal, and the Straits of the Dardanelles are similar
because they
1.
2.
3.
4.
are strategic waterways that have been the center of conflicts
were part of the French colonial empire
are located in regions that are rich in natural resources
were built during the time of the Roman Empire
23.
Both Japan and Indonesia are made up of a chain of islands called
1.
2.
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4.
an archipelago
a peninsula
a delta
an atoll
24.
“The Andes isolated the Incas and also defeated the dream of Gran Columbia.”
This statement indicates that
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2.
3.
4.
fighting over natural resources undermines nationalism
a common language and religion are important in modern nations
cultural diversity is aided by subsistence agriculture
the natural environment helps to shape political development
25.
In Japan, which condition was the cause of the other three?
1.
2.
3.
4.
Most of the nation is mountainous with little arable land.
Farmland is cultivated intensively.
Highrise apartments or small, crowded homes house the people.
The sea is used as a source of food.
26.
The geographic features of the African Continent are partly responsible for the
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2.
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4.
use of French or English as the official language of many African nations
diversity of cultures found in Africa
decline of the slave trade in the 19th century
recent advances in technology in African nations
27.
The geographic isolation of a people frequently reinforces
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2.
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4.
a traditional way of life
the development of scientific investigation
the need for higher education
a process of cultural diffusion
28.
Which generalization about the geography of Latin America is accurate?
1. Geographic features prevented foreign imperialism.
2. Harsh climatic conditions have prevented the development of large-scale
agriculture.
3. The lack of geographic barriers facilitated the development of transportation and
communication systems.
4. Great variations in latitude and land forms resulted in a diversity of climates.
29.
Which statement best describes the effects of the geography of Africa?
1.
2.
3.
4.
Geography has encouraged physical mobility throughout Africa.
The geography of Africa has hindered economic development.
The geography of Africa has stimulated political and cultural unity.
The geography of Africa has resulted in most African countries having similar
economic and social systems.
30.
Which is the most valid statement about the Republic of South Africa that can be made
based on the information in the table?
1.
2.
3.
4.
Most of South Africa’s trade is with other African countries.
Trade with the United States is not important to South Africa.
South Africa is the single most important producer of manganese in the world.
The export of mineral resources is an important part of the economy of South
Africa.
31.
The political cartoon illustrates India’s problems with
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2.
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4.
an inadequate transportation system
inefficient government agencies
conflict between religious groups
the monsoon cycle
32.
In Japan, a major economic problem has been the lack of
1.
2.
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4.
natural resources
investment capital
skilled labor
experienced management
33.
Which geographic feature has been most responsible for the population distribution in
the Middle East?
1.
2.
3.
4.
abundance of oil deposits
location of water
presence of high plateaus
availability of natural harbors
34.
In most of the oil-rich Arab nations, the wealth generated by oil has affected the way of
life in that
1. most people have adopted a Western lifestyle and given up their traditional ways
2. oil money has been used by the religious institutions, but not for educational and
health facilities
3. technological modernization has occurred, but traditional laws and customs
continue
4. women have been given political and social rights equal to those of men
35.
Which statement best describes the geography of Africa?
1.
2.
3.
4.
Most of the continent is made up of tropical rain forests.
Deserts and savannas cover almost half of the continent.
Most major rivers are navigable for their entire length.
The irregular coastline provides many natural harbors.
36.
In Southeast Asia, the continued importance of the monsoon cycle indicates that this
region is
1.
2.
3.
4.
becoming a major exporter of oil
developing heavy industry
dependent on traditional farming methods
opposed to the use of nuclear power
37.
The history of Russia was influenced by its lack of
1.
2.
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4.
warm-water ports
mineral deposits
different climates
navigable river systems
38.
Which is the main reason for the heavy population concentration in the eastern regions
of the People’s Republic of China?
1.
2.
3.
4.
The Chinese capital is located in the east.
Most of China’s fertile farmland is located in the east.
Most of China’s oil resources are located in the Yangtze River Valley.
Overland trade with China’s neighbors declined.
39.
Which is a major effect of geography on Southeast Asia?
1.
2.
3.
4.
Monsoons help determine the types of agricultural products grown.
The wealth of natural resources led to early industrialization.
Climatic conditions have led to chronic food shortages.
Geography has created a sense of unity among all the peoples.
40.
One factor that accounted for Chinese influence on traditional Japanese culture was the
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2.
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4.
continuous warfare between the countries
geographic location of the countries
refusal of Western nations to trade with Japan
annexation of Japan into the Chinese Empire
41.
Imperialist nations in the 18th and 19th centuries generally attempted to acquire or
control areas that had
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2.
3.
4.
highly technological industries
undeveloped natural resources
literate populations
stable centralized governments
42.
Which is the best example of the influence of geography on a nation’s foreign policy?
1.
2.
3.
4.
India’s efforts to eliminate the caste system
Great Britain’s emergence as a major naval power
the Soviet Union’s establishment of collective farms
Japan’s refusal to build a strong military after World War II
43.
The industrialization of the United States and of Japan differed most in that Japan
lacked
1.
2.
3.
4.
entrepreneurs to organize factories
sources of investment capital
a mobile labor supply
vast natural resources
44.
Which source would be most helpful in finding information about the topography of
Vietnam?
1. an atlas of Southeast Asia
2. a history text describing United States involvement in Southeast Asia
3. a Department of State bulletin describing the diplomatic affairs of European
nations in Southeast Asia
4. the memoirs of a Vietnam War veteran
45.
During the 1970s, a major reason that the United States was willing to negotiate
increased Panamanian control of the Panama Canal was that the United States
1.
2.
3.
4.
was planning to build a new canal
had lost interest in Latin American affairs
had insufficient military strength to defend the canal
regarded the canal as having reduced strategic importance
46.
The Italian city-states were able to dominate the trade pattern shown on the map
primarily because they were
1.
2.
3.
4.
centrally located near the Mediterranean Sea
situated south of the Alps
unified by the Hanseatic League
close to the routes followed by Arab caravans
47.
In Africa, an effect of topography and climate has been to
1.
2.
3.
4.
encourage rapid industrialization of the interior
prevent the development of kingdoms
promote large-scale trade between Africa and Asia
promote the growth of diverse societies
48.
Which condition is a major obstacle to economic development in the Middle East and
northern Africa?
1.
2.
3.
4.
use of strip mining to obtain minerals
reliance on capitalist economic systems
lack of access to world markets
scarcity of water resources
49.
The Suez Canal, the Strait of Hormuz, and the Strait of Gibraltar are important because
they
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2.
3.
4.
prevent attacks on bordering nations
control access to vital trade routes
limit Russian access to warm-water ports
prohibit the movement of ships carrying nuclear weapons
50.
Which region is globally significant because of its strategic location, its major oil
reserves, and its historic importance as the birthplace of three major religions?
1.
2.
3.
4.
Latin America
Western Europe
Southeast Asia
Middle East