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Chapter 10:1 ThelStory of lMéXICOl The Spanish Conquest Cortès When Hernando _____________ landed on the coast of 1519 Mexico in ________, Spanish Conquest the_________________of Mexico had begun. TheSpanish Conquest of the Aztec Empire: 1427-1521 1,200 A.D. from the The Aztec arrived there around_______ deserts ___________of northern Mexico. They built their capital Tenochtitlàn temples of_______________, a city of beautiful_______________, palaces,_______________and lakes. ___________linked gardens Canals food parts of the city and people grew_____________on islands Texcoco sacrifice in Lake____________. Human__________was practiced in the temples of Tenochtitlàn. conquistadors marched into Cortès and his men, called______________, the heart of the country until they reached the great Aztec Tenochtitlàn the site today of_____________. Mexico City city of_____________, The Aztecs were conquered by Cortès and his soldiers by 1521 the year__________. Spanish to replaced Mexico’s Roman Catholic indigenous cultures with their language and _______________ modern religion, both of which dominate_________Mexico today. Tenochtilán: capital of the Aztec Empire Tenochtilán The Conquest of Mexico: 1519-1521 Central America & the Caribbean Chap. 10:2 Physical Map of Central America & the Caribbean Political Map of Central America & the Caribbean Ch. 10:2 - Central America & the Caribbean cultural hearth Central America is a ________________, or a origin place of _________ of a major culture. . Carribean Caribbean In contrast, the _____________ has been settled & claimed by many European French Spanish powers, By the 19th century, the ___________, ____________, Dutch Danish British ____________, ___________, and ___________ all claimed European islands in the Caribbean. Most of these _______________ powers were there sugar trade forced to profit from the _______________ that depended on the ___________ labor Africa _________ of workers brought in chains from _____________. Slaves had to be constantly replaced due to disease and death from overwork. Also, trade is important in Central America because of the Panama Canal _________________, which cuts through Panama through ____________ & connects the Atlantic Pacific ____________ and ___________ oceans. Panama Canal Panama Canal, Panama Music ___________ is an important part of the popular culture of Central America Calypso Trinidad and combines & the Caribbean. ________________ began in ____________ Africa United States musical elements from ___________, Spain, and the _________________. Reggae developed in ______________ Jamaica ___________ in the 1960s and spread Britain from there to _____________ and the United States. Spanish-Speaking South America Chap. 10:3 Ch. 10:3/Spanish-Speaking South America Inca greatest 1. One of the _______________ civilizations of the Americas, the_________ Andes Peru arose in the __________ Mountains of __________. language 2. Although the Spanish forced their own ______________ & Quechua conquered _______________ on the conquered people, the______________ survived language of the Inca has ______________ & is still spoken by native millions of _____________ people. Machu Picchu Inca today Simón Bolívar and ___________________, José de San Martín the countries of 5. Led by________________ independence South America won their __________________ from Spain in the first half 19th century of the ______________. Oligarchy few ) and ______________ military 6. ________________ (government by the _______ rule countries have characterized many of the _____________ of South America since independence they won their ___________________ from Spain. cultural heritage 7. Spanish-speaking South America has a strong ____________________. _________________________ Gabriel García Márquez of Colombia won the _______________ Nobel Prize for literature in 1982. Economically advantages 8. ________________, one of the ________________ of Spanish-speaking South natural resources America is its abundance of ____________________. Colombia & Venezuela greatest oil reserves both have huge _________________ that are probably their ______________ asset copper economic ___________. Chile has huge deposits of ____________, which export remains its largest ______________. 9. Education is a critical issue for Spanish-speaking South America. In Argentina Chile Uruguay _______________, _________________, and ________________ higher 90 percent literacy rates are _____________ than _________________. BRAZIL Chap. 10:4 Ch. 10:4 - Brazil Treaty of Tordesillas (1494), ____________ Portugal gained control over 1. In the ___________________ Brazil the land that became _____________. territory native peoples 2. The _______________ was originally occupied by ____________________ tribes language divided into hundreds of ____________ and _______________ groups. conquered 3. The Portuguese _________________ the tribes and put them to work on sugar diseases brought _____________ plantations. When natives died from ____________ African by the colonists, the Portuguese brought _______________ slaves to replace Brazil to ______________ them. Dom Pedro I 4. In 1822, ___________________ agreed to rule Brazil, and he declared the independence Portuguese country’s _______________________ from the ________________. culture Portuguese The ____________ of Brazil is a blend of __________________ influences, Native African _____________ American elements, & _______________ influences. The language Catholic Portuguese brought their _____________ and their ________________ millions religion with them. Today, ______________ of Brazilians practice this African religion. However, many Brazilians of ______________ and mixed ancestry local African practice ___________ religions that combine ________________ beliefs with Catholicism _________________. Samba Band colorfulfestival in Brazil is _____________. Carnaval The celebration The most ___________ music of the ____________, samba of this day takes place to the __________ a Brazilian African dance with ______________ influences.
