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Review for Minerals 1. List the 4 most abundant elements in the earth’s crust. 2. What is the silicate tetrahedron? 3. Define mineral. 4. Rocks are made of __________ 5. How are minerals classified into mineral groups? 6. List the 7 different mineral groups and how they are classified Silicates – Oxides - Sulfates - Carbonates - Sulfides - Halides – Native List the group that each of the following minerals: Quartz – SiO2 Halite – NaCl Graphite – C Corundum Calcite – CaCO3 olivine -(Mg,Fe)2SiO4 Galena – PbS Chalcopyrite – CuFeS2 Gypsum – CaSO4- H2O Barite – BaSO4 Fluorite - CaF2 Biotite – K(Mg,Fe)3AlSi3O10(OH)2 Gold – Au Pyrite – FeS2 Dolomite – CaMg(CO3)2 Feldspar – KAlSi3O8 Sphalerite – ZnS Cinnabar – HgS Magnetite Fe3O4 Copper - Cu Mineral Properties: 7. Define the following: a. streak b. luster ( review the terms used to describe luster) Hematite – Fe2O3 Al2O3 Anhydrite – CaSO4 c. hardness (review Mohs scale and the items used to determine hardness) d. cleavage (review the terms used to describe cleavage) e. fracture (review the terms used to describe fracture) f. specific gravity (review the formula for density) g. crystal form (review the 6 crystal forms) see **Crystal Forms Practice Sheet 8. What does the axis indicate about the growth of a crystal? 9. What is the most common crystal system? 10. Define gemstone. 11. What determines if a stone is considered a precious gemstone? . . . a semi-precious gemstone? 12. List the 4 major precious gemstones. 13. Describe the difference between: Natural gemstones – Synthetic gemstones – Imitation gemstones -