Download File

Chapter 11 Review
The Endocrine System
I.
II.
III.
IV.
Introduction (p. 290)
1. What is a hormone?
2. What is the primary difference between an endocrine and exocrine an gland. Give one
example of each.
Hormone Action (pp. 291-294)
1. The specific site of a hormone’s action is called its __________________________.
2. What are prostaglandins (PGs)?
Control of Hormonal Secretions (p. 294)
1. If a hormone is controlled by a ____________________ feedback loop, then the
secretions will be altered to reflect the opposite.
2. If a hormone is controlled by a ____________________ feedback loop, then the
secretions will be amplified to continue.
3. What is the other primary body system that works with the endocrine system to
maintain homeostasis?
Pituitary Gland (pp. 295-299)
1. The pituitary gland is made of a ____________________, anterior lobe and a
___________________, posterior lobe.
2. The pituitary gland is located in the __________________ cavity.
3. Another name for the pituitary is the ________________ or “______________” gland.
4. The pituitary gland responds to secretions that it receives from the ________________.
5. Complete the table of pituitary gland hormones.
Abbreviation
ANTERIOR Pituitary Hormone (7)
Function/Target
Human Growth hormone
Prolactin
Thyroid Stimulating hormone*
Luteinizing hormone*
Adrenocorticotropic hormone*
Follicle stimulating hormone*
POSTERIOR Pituitary Hormone (2)
Antidiuretic hormone
Oxytocin
*denotes a _________________ hormone which will control other endocrine glands.
5. Complete the table of pituitary disorders.
Disorder Name
Acromegaly
Gigantism
Dwarfism
Diabetes insipidus
Hormone Abbrev.
Hyper- or Hyposecretion
V.
VI.
VII.
Thyroid Gland (pp. 299-301)
1. The thyroid gland is located in the neck just below the ____________________.
2. What element is needed to synthesize thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3)?
3. What is the function of T3 and T4?
4. What is the third thyroid hormone?
5. Complete the table of thyroid disorders.
Disorder Name
Hormone Name
Hyper- or Hyposecretion
Cretinism
Myxedema
Graves disease
Goiter
Iodine
Parathyroid Glands (pp. 301-302)
1. The parathyroid glands are located on each lobe of the ________________ gland.
2. The hormone that the parathyroid gland secretes is ________ and controls the increase
in blood calcium levels.
3. PTH and ________________ are antagonistic hormones = they have opposite effects.
Adrenal Glands (pp. 302-304)
1. The adrenal gland is made of an outer region called the ___________________ and in
inner core called the ______________________.
2. Where are the adrenal glands located?
3. Complete the table of adrenal gland hormones.
ADRENAL Hormone Region of Adrenal
Category
Function
Epinephrine
----------------Norepinephrine
----------------Aldosterone
Cortisol
Androgens
4. Complete the table of adrenal disorders.
VIII.
Disorder Name
Hormone
Hyper- or Hyposecretion
Cushings syndrome
Addisons disease
Pancreas (pp. 304-307)
1. Where is the pancreas located?
2. The endocrine portion of the pancreas are the _________________________________.
3. The pancreas secretes _______________________ to raise blood sugar. It also secretes
______________________ to lower blood sugar.
4. Glucagon and _____________ are antagonistic hormones = they have opposite effects.
5. Complete the table of pancreatic disorders.
IX.
X.
Disorder Name
Hormone Name
Hyper- or Hyposecretion
Diabetes mellitus
Hyperglycemia
Hypoglycemia
Other Endocrine Glands (pp. 307-308)
1. Where is the pineal gland located?
2. The pineal gland secretes ___________________________ to control circadian rhythms.
3. Where is the thymus gland located?
4. The thymus gland secretes _____________ to assist in the childhood immune response.
Gonads
1. The female gonad is the ___________________________ and secretes estrogen and
_________________________________, which is the hormone of pregnancy.
2. Where are the ovaries located?
3. The male gonad is the _______________________ and secretes testosterone.
4. Where are the testes located?
UNDERSTANDING THE PROCESS.
1. In order for your body to properly metabolize the nutrients from a meal:
______ from the hypothalamus  _______ from the anterior pituitary  ___ & ___ from the thyroid
2. When puberty initiates, in order to develop secondary sex characteristics:
_____ from the hypothalamus  ______ from the anterior pituitary ____________ from the ovary (in
females) OR __________________ from the testes( in males).
3. In order to grow to your full height:
_____ from the hypothalamus  _____ from the anterior pituitary  _________________ of the bones
4. In order to prevent chronic dehydration that could lead to diabetes insipidus:
______ from the hypothalamus  _____ from the posterior pituitary  tubules of the ______________
The endocrine system works as a series of chemical reactions (like
the domino effect) that will ultimately deliver the proper hormone
to its _________________ cell/tissue/organ in order for the body to
maintain ______________________.