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LIVE: PAPER 2 EXAM QUESTIONS
05 NOVEMBER 2014
Lesson Description
In this lesson we:

Revise various questions related to topics tested in the various questions in Paper 2
Challenge Question
Question 1
Examine the diagram below and answer the questions that follow:
1.1
Which number indicates the common ancestor for maize and palm trees?
1.2
In which era did seed bearing plants first appear?
1.3
How many millions of years ago did the protea bush first arise?
1.4
Provide a single term for plants with only one cotyledon
Page 1
Test Yourself
Select the most correct answer from the options given. Write down only the correct letter
Question 1
Which of the following will NOT help prevent malaria?
A)
Taking medications before entering high-risk areas
B)
Preventing mosquitoes from biting
C)
Killing mosquitoes
D)
Taking rehydration salts
Question 2
All viruses are…
A)
unicellular and disease causing.
B)
acellular and non-living.
C)
eukaryotes.
D)
cellular in structure.
Question 3
Animals which can be cut in any plane through its central axis to give two mirror images are…
A)
radially symmetrical.
B)
bilaterally symmetrical.
C)
asymmetrical.
D)
multicellular.
Question 4
Which plant group has a dominant gametophyte generation?
A)
Bryophytes.
B)
Pteridophytes.
C)
Gymnosperms.
D)
Angiosperms
Question 5
Viruses are …
A)
the only disease causing organisms.
B)
the only parasitic microorganism.
C)
the only acellular microorganism.
D)
the only eukaryotic organism.
Page 2
Question 6
Give the correct biological term for each of the following descriptions. Write only the term next to the relevant
question number.
1.
Plants that bear seeds on cones.
2.
A whip-like tail used by bacteria and protists for locomotion.
3.
Organisms with a coelom lined by mesoderm on one side only.
4.
Type of reproduction in which bacteria splits into two by mitosis
5.
Type of skeleton formed by the fluid in the coelom of some animals
6.
The germ layer that gives rise to muscles and internal organs other than the gut
Question 7
Indicate whether each of the statements in COLUMN I applies to A only, B only, both A and B or none of
the items in COLUMN II. Write A only, B only, both A and B or none next to the question number.
1
2
COLUMN I
COLUMN II
Organisms that have three tissue
layers in the embryo.
A
Diploblastic
B
Triploblastic
Bread mould
A: Fungus
B: Protist
3
4.
5.
Disperse by means of seeds
Renewable sources of energy
The use of resources in such a way
that they are still available for future
generations
Page 3
A:
Bryophytes
B:
Pteridophytes
A:
Coal
B:
Oil
A:
Sustainable
B:
Biodegradable
Exam Questions
Question 1
1.1
Study the diagram below and answer the following questions:
1.1.1.
To which kingdom does this organism belong?
(1)
1.1.2.
Provide labels for number 1, 2 and 3.
(3)
1.1.3.
Name two types of infections that is caused by members of this
kingdom in humans.
(2)
Name three beneficial uses for organisms of this kingdom.
(3)
1.1.4.
1.2
Antibiotic tablets may be prescribed by a doctor. Patients are always told to finish the course of
tablets, even though they may be feeling better. The graph shows what happens to the number of
live microorganisms in the body when someone does not finish a course of antibiotic tablets.
Page 4
1.2.1
What is the:
a.)
independent variable
b.)
dependent variable in this investigation?
(1)
1.2.2
Suggest a hypothesis for this investigation.
(2)
1.2.3
Provide a suitable heading for the graph.
(1)
1.2.4
Why does a patient usually feel more ill for two or three days after
starting a course of antibiotics?
(1)
How many more days would the patient have needed to take the antibiotics
to kill all the microorganisms in the body?
(2)
1.2.5
Question 2
(Adapted from P1 SG nated 2010)
2.1
The following diagram is a cross section through an earthworm
Drawing of a cross-section through an earthworm.
2.1.1
To which phylum do earthworms belong?
2.1.2
Describe the Earthworm with regard to the following features:
a.)
symmetry
b.)
number of tissue layers
c.)
type of digestive system
d.)
coelom
(1)
(4X1=4)
2.1.3
The blood vessels shown in the diagram are absent in flatworms
such as planaria. Account for this difference.
2.1.4
Explain how Earthworms are important for agriculture and in ecosystems.
2.2.1
Give the functions of the following structures found in amoeba.
2.2.2
a.)
Contractile vacuole
b.)
Pseudopodia
(2)
Will substances diffuse more easily in and out of the body of an amoeba
or that of a bird?
Give a reason for your answer.
2.3
(3)
(3)
Tabulate THREE differences between Angiosperms and Pteridophytes.
Page 5
(7)
Question 3
(Adapted from paper 2 March 2013 version 2)
3.1
3.2
The table below shows different types of waste and their decomposition times.
3.1.1
Explain the term “recycling”.
3.1.2
Name ONE type of waste in the table above that can be recycled.
3.1.3
Explain TWO advantages of recycling.
3.1.4
Provide TWO negative impacts of landfill sites.
3.1.4
Draw a pie graph to represent the data in the table above. Show ALL working.
An investigation was carried out concerning the emission of greenhouse gases in South Africa.
The following table contains the data obtained from this investigation:
Greenhouse gas
Percentage emissions
(%)
Nitrous oxide
15
Methane
18
Carbon dioxide
78
3.2.1
Distinguish between the term greenhouse effect and enhanced greenhouse effect.
(1)
3.3.2
Name the independent variable for this investigation.
(2)
3.3.3
State a possible hypothesis for this investigation.
(3)
3.3.4
Which greenhouse gas has the highest percentage emission in South Africa?
(1)
3.3.5
List one source of the emission of the gas mentioned in question 3.3.4.
(1)
3.3.6
Give two ways in which South Africans can reduce the level of this
gas in the atmosphere.
Question 4
Explain why gymnosperms and angiosperms are regarded as being better suited to life on land
than mosses.
(20)
Question 5
Water is a resource that needs to be preserved in order to guarantee the survival of all living organisms
on this planet. Discuss how the availability and quality of water is being threatened.
Question 6
Describe FOUR ways in which the overexploitation of indigenous plants impacts on the environment and
also explain FOUR appropriate management strategies that can reduce such overexploitation.
Page 6
Answers
Challenge Question
Question 1
1.
2.
3.
4.
3
Paleozoic
175 mya
monocotyledon
Test Yourself
1.
B
2.
C
3.
B
4.
D
5.
B
6
1. Lag
2. Chloroplast
3. Oxygen
4. Palisade
5. Census
6. Maltose
7. Turbinate
9.
a) Both
b) A ONLY
c) A ONLY
d) B ONLY
e) A ONLY
Page 7
Exam Questions
Question 1
1.1.1
Fungus
1.1.2
1 – sporangium
1.1.3
Thrush, yeast infection, ringworm, athlete’s foot
1.1.4
Antibiotics, making beer/wine/ cheese/yoghurt, baking bread/baking
1.2.1
a.)
Time
b.)
Number of living micro-organisms in the body
2 – spores
3 - sporangiophore
1.2.2
Stopping the antibiotic increases/decreases/has no effect on the number of micro-organisms
1.2.3
Line graph showing number of micro-organisms in the body over time
1.2.4
Micro-organisms still multiplying in the body
1.2.5
4 days
Question 2
2.1.1
Annelida
2.1.2
a.)
Bilateral – organism can be cut in two mirror images in only one plane
b.)
Triploblastic – ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm during embryonic development
c.)
through-gut – separate openings for ingestion and egestion
d.)
Coelomate – fluid-filled cavity separates gut from the body wall
e.)
The through gut allows for separate openings for ingestion and egestion and this ensures
that food and waste don’t mix.
Bilateral symmetry assists the animal in straight, forward movement
2.1.3
Flatworms are dorsi-ventrally flattened – cells in close contact, thus diffusion sufficient for transport
2.1.4
Recycling organic material - along with bacteria and fungi decompose organic material.
Increasing nutrient availability: This happens in two ways: by incorporating organic materials into
the soil and by unlocking the nutrients held within dead organisms and plant matter
Improving soil structure as they aerate the soil as they burrow through it
Providing food for predators as they are part of the food chain.
2.2.1
2.2.2
a.)
Osmoregulation
b.)
Locomotion/phagocytosis
Amoeba – it has a larger surface area to volume ratio
OR bird has a smaller surface area to volume ratio
2.2.3
Angiosperms
Seed bearing
Flowers are reproductive
organs
Water not required for
fertilisation
Pteridophytes
Spore bearing
Leaves bear sori for
reproduction
Water essential for
fertilisation
Page 8
Question 3
3.1.1
Process whereby used materials/waste products are recycled to make new products
3.1.2
Tin cans/paper/glass
3.1.3
- People collect and sell waste at buy-back centres and benefit therefore economically/create own
jobs
- People who collect waste and take it to recycling depots contribute to sustainable use of materials
- Recycling saves energy and therefore reduces the amount of energy used to make new products
3.1.4
Unattractive and may pose a health risk due to toxins, pathogens and pollutants
3.1.5
3.2.1
Greenhouse effect process by which the greenhouse gases in their normal concentrations keep the
Earth warm, whereas the enhanced effect is a result of these gasses being in abnormally high levels
in the atmosphere due to human impact.
3.2.2
Type of gas/greenhouse gas
3.2.3
The percentage emission of Nitrous oxide/Methane/Carbon Dioxide (One of the gasses) will be the
highest/lowest.
3.2.4
CO2
3.2.5
Coal burning power stations, agriculture (cattle), burning of fossil fuels
3.2.6
Burn less fossil fuels, save on electricity use, plant trees, user public transport
Page 9
Question 4
Aquatic adaptations of Mosses
Male gametes are motile and require water for fertilization
The gametophyte cannot control water loss as it has no cuticle
Conducting tissue is very simple
It lacks supporting tissue
max (5)
Terrestrial adaptations of gymnosperms
Water is not essential for fertilization as male gametes move along a pollen tube to egg cells
Pollen grains are protected against desiccation by resistant walls
Pollen grains have air sacs for wind pollination
Seeds are protected against desiccation by a resistant coat/testa seeds have wings for wind dispersal
Leaves are narrow/needled shaped to reduce water loss
Leaves have a cuticle and sunken stomata to reduce water loss
They have conducting tissue to ensure efficient transport of water, salts & food
max (12)
Question 5
Construction of dams
This disturbs the flow of rivers downstream from the dam wall, which will have a negative effect on the
availability of water downstream from the dam.
Destruction of wetlands
Wetlands act as a sponge keeping water and releasing it when it is necessary, also filtering the water.
Wetlands are dried up/drained in order to use for building or farming. Wetlands are sometimes dammed in
order to store their water and used for irrigation. Wetlands are also polluted by factories etc. this impacts
negatively on the availability of water.
Poor farming practices
Overgrazing also causes erosion and the ground is carried into streams and rivers which impacts negatively
on the water availability and quality. The water (full of urine and faeces) from the cattle enclosures also end
up in streams and rivers polluting the water
Droughts and floods
We live in country with low rainfall, droughts causes a shortage of water and floods sweeps ground and
other rubble into the river systems which impacts negatively on the availability of water after the flood.
Stagnant water pools after the flood could also cause water borne diseases and will not be usable.
Exotic plantations and depletion of water table
Plantations like pine and gum tree plantations uses a lot of water from the soil which impacts on the
availability of groundwater.
Boreholes
Because of large amounts of water abstracted from the water table it leads to a lowering of the water table
and groundwater will be decreased.
Wastage
Leaking pipes, basins and toilets contributes to a large amount of water being wasted Over-irrigation crops
and wasteful usage of water in mining and the industrial sector decreases the availability of water.
P a g e 10
Industry
Industries is polluting rivers with harmful chemicals as well as thermal pollution which is when the water
which is heated during the factory processes is pumped back in the river causing the disruption of the
ecosystem in the river
Mining –acid mining drainage
The affluent water from the mining sector is very acidic causing the ground water to become unusable
Agriculture
Large agricultural land requires large irrigation systems which uses a lot of water. the fertilizers used on the
crops end up in the rivers and streams, which cause an increase in the amount of phosphates and nitrates in
the water, which in turns causes algae bloom, which then cause eutrophication when the algae starts to die.
Pollution
People pollute rivers by washing, bathing, urinating in rivers in rural areas, while in some cities raw
sewerage is poured into the river, causing the proliferation of harmful bacteria and water borne diseases.
People dump waste into rivers and streams
Question 6

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

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


Plants can become extinct/lead to loss in biodiversity
Food chains/webs can be destroyed
Shortage of food
Could lead to degradation of the environment
Erosion of ground surface if too many plants are removed
Increase run-off of water
Destroy habitats of many organisms
Alien plant invasion
Upset the balance of oxygen and carbon dioxide/global warming
Management practices to reduce over-exploitation









Sustainable harvesting – controlling and monitoring over-exploitation
Research done - to look at reproductive cycle/alternative source of active ingredient /cloning
Legislation- control harvesting
Penalties for breaking legislation
Education/campaign - impact and consequences of over-exploitation
Establish nurseries/seed banks - to replace plants harvested
Establish more nature reserves - to conserve indigenous plants
Monitoring exploitation- of indigenous plants by international companies
Provision of free/cheaper food - to reduce dependence on indigenous plants
P a g e 11