Download Chapter 17 Environmental Hazards and Human Health

Chapter 17 Environmental Hazards and Human Health
Name: ________________________________ Date: _______________ Assignment #: ________
Section 17-1 What Major Health Hazards Do We Face?
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A risk is the possibility of suffering harm from a hazard.
The likelihood of an event occurring is probability.
How does risk management utilize risk assessment?
Name the 5 major types of hazards and a hazard associated with each.
Section 17-2 What Type of Biological Hazards Do We Face?
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What causes an infectious disease?
A transmissible disease is also called a contagious or communicable disease.
In 1900 what was the leading cause of death in the world?
A large-scale out break of an infectious disease is called an epidemic, globally would be a pandemic.
Name two reasons why infectious diseases are still a threat.
What is tuberculosis?
Each year the world’s deadliest diseases kill 11.3 million people.
The WHO, also known as World Health Organization, states that someone dies of TB every 20 seconds.
Why do people with AIDS get TB easier?
In recent years a more deadly type of TB called multi-drug resistant TB has been increasing.
Viruses can evolve quickly, and are not affected by antibiotics and the biggest killer virus is called influenza or
the flu.
The second largest viral killer is AIDS; and the third largest killer virus is hepatitis B.
What is the definition of an emergent disease?
One emergent disease that is common from a mosquito bite is called West Nile virus.
Name three practices that can reduce your risk of getting an infectious disease.
What does AIDS and HIV stand for? Is AIDS deadly?
In 2008 there were 33 million people worldwide with AIDS, 72% in Africa; how many are in Africa?
_______________
How is AIDS treated?
If you found out you had AIDS at 25 years old, at what age would you most likely be before an HIV infection
occurs?__________
What has AIDS done to the life expectancy of many countries?
If there were 25 million people living on earth, how many would you expect to have malaria?
Malaria is spread by mosquitoes and its symptoms include intense fever, chills, and susceptibility to other
diseases; malaria kills about 2700 people per day.
The vector for spreading malaria is the female anopheles mosquito that carries in its blood the protozoan
plasmodium.
Malaria over the course of history has killed more people than all the wars ever fought.
What is an inexpensive way to keep people from getting malaria?
Name 5 diseases that a vaccine has been used to help treat people of the world.
From the solutions chart for infectious diseases – what do you think is the easiest one to do?
Worldwide about 2.6 billion people do not have a sanitary bathroom.
Section 17-3 What Types of Chemical Hazards Do We Face?
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What is a toxic chemical? Name at least 3 toxic chemicals.
Chemicals, viruses and radiation that cause cancer are called carcinogens.
What are mutagens?
What are teratogens? Name two examples.
What are PCBs, and what were they used for?
What are the effects of PCBs?
PCBs break down very slowly in the environment and in the US, according to the EPA 70% of all PCBs are still
in the environment.
What are neurotoxins and specifically what can they harm?
What is the endocrine system responsible for releasing?
Explain how a hormone works in 3 bullets.
What are HAAs and what causes them?
12)
13)
14)
15)
What are hormone blockers?
Hormone blockers are sometimes called gender benders because of the side effects on sexual development.
What is BPA and its possible causes?
What are phthalates, and what do the cause?
Section 17-4 How Can We Evaluate Chemical Hazards?
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What is toxicology?
How can water be harmful? (no, I do not mean drowning)
What is dose?
Toxicity can depend on dose and genetic makeup of an individual?
Name two factors that can affect the level of harm caused by a chemical.
What type of chemicals are magnified through the food chain through biological magnification?
There are two types of responses: chronic and acute. Explain both.
Explain the three reasons why children are more susceptible to toxic substances.
How long are test usually conducted on animals?
What is a lethal dose?
What is LD50?
What is the LD50 for a supertoxin?
What does an epidemiological study do?
What are the four factors that can limit the usefulness of epidemiological studies?
What can be found the waterways, and groundwater?
Name two items found in a typical home that contain phthalates.
Of the 100,000 registered synthetic chemicals, 10% or (______________) have been screened and only 2%
(_________) have been tested.
18) What is the precautionary principle?
19) What are POPs and what do they cause?
17-5 How Do We Perceive Risks and How Can We Avoid the Worst of Them?
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2)
3)
4)
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6)
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The greatest cause of death other than poverty and gender is lifestyle choices.
The most preventable cause of death among adults is cigarette smoking.
WHO estimates that tobacco could kill up to 1 billion people this century?
Poverty-malnutrition- and disease kill 11 million people each year. That number in scientific notation is
_____________________.
If I were a male and was born in poverty, smoked, overweight (35%), and unmarried; how many years could be
cut off from my life?
By 2030 21,900 deaths per day could be prevented if smoking was reduced.
What is passive smoking?
What are two health hazards of passive smoking?
What is the second leading cause of death in the US?
What percentage of the number in question 9 are auto accidents?
What would a tax on cigarettes help pay for?
In 2009, the US Food and Drug Administration classified tobacco as a drug.
How many cigarettes were produced in 2009? How many people in China smoke?
What is a potential problem is more complex technology?
What is one way to make a system more foolproof?
What are the five factors that can cause a person to see technology/product more or less risky?
What are the four guidelines for help in evaluating risk?
Answer Data Analysis Question 1A ____________.
Answer Date Analysis Question 1B____________.
Chapter 17 Environmental Hazards and Human Health
Name: ________________________________ Date: _______________ Assignment #: ________
Section 17-1 What Major Health Hazards Do We Face?
1.
2.
3.
4.
A risk is the possibility of ___________________________ harm from a hazard.
The likelihood of an _______________________ occurring is probability.
How does risk management utilize risk assessment?
Name the 5 major types of hazards and a hazard associated with each.
Section 17-2 What Type of Biological Hazards Do We Face?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
What causes an infectious disease?
A transmissible disease is also called a ________________________________________________.
In 1900 what was the leading cause of death in the world?
A large-scale out break of an ______________________________ is called an epidemic, globally would be a
__________________________.
Name two reasons why infectious diseases are still a threat.
What is tuberculosis?
Each year the world’s deadliest diseases kill _____________________________________ people.
The WHO, also known as _______________________________________________, states that someone
dies of TB every 20 seconds.
Why do people with AIDS get TB easier?
In recent years a more deadly type of TB called ___________________________________ has been
increasing.
Viruses can _________________________ quickly, and are not affected by _______________________ and
the biggest killer virus is called ___________________________ or the flu.
The second largest viral killer is ____________________; and the third largest killer virus is
_____________________________.
What is the definition of an emergent disease?
One emergent disease that is common from a ________________________________ is called West Nile
virus.
Name three practices that can reduce your risk of getting an infectious disease.
What does AIDS and HIV stand for? Is AIDS deadly?
In 2008 there were ___________________________ people worldwide with AIDS, 72% in Africa; how many
are in Africa? _______________
How is AIDS treated?
If you found out you had AIDS at 25 years old, at what age would you most likely be before an HIV infection
occurs?__________
What has AIDS done to the life expectancy of many countries?
If there were 25 million people living on earth, how many would you expect to have malaria?
Malaria is spread by __________________________ and its symptoms include _____________________
fever, chills, and susceptibility to other diseases; malaria kills about _____________________ people per
day.
The vector for spreading malaria is the __________________________ anopheles mosquito that carries in its
blood the protozoan ______________________________.
Malaria over the course of history has _________________________ more people than all the wars ever
fought.
What is an inexpensive way to keep people from getting malaria?
Name 5 diseases that a vaccine has been used to help treat people of the world.
From the solutions chart for infectious diseases – what do you think is the easiest one to do?
Worldwide about 2.6 billion people do not have a sanitary __________________________.
Section 17-3 What Types of Chemical Hazards Do We Face?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
What is a toxic chemical? Name at least 3 toxic chemicals.
Chemicals, viruses and radiation that cause cancer are called ________________________.
What are mutagens?
What are teratogens? Name two examples.
What are PCBs, and what were they used for?
6. What are the effects of PCBs?
7. PCBs break down very slowly in the _____________________________ and in the US, according to the EPA
_________ of all PCBs are still in the environment.
8. What are neurotoxins and specifically what can they harm?
9. What is the endocrine system responsible for releasing?
10. Explain how a hormone works in 3 bullets.
11. What are HAAs and what causes them?
12. What are hormone blockers?
13. Hormone blockers are sometimes called ________________________________________ because of the
side effects on sexual development.
14. What is BPA and its possible causes?
15. What are phthalates, and what do the cause?
Section 17-4 How Can We Evaluate Chemical Hazards?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
What is toxicology?
How can water be harmful? (no, I do not mean drowning)
What is dose?
Toxicity can depend on dose and ____________________________________________ of an individual?
Name two factors that can affect the level of harm caused by a chemical.
What type of chemicals are magnified through the food chain through biological magnification?
There are two types of responses: chronic and acute. Explain both.
Explain the three reasons why children are more susceptible to toxic substances.
How long are test usually conducted on animals?
What is a lethal dose?
What is LD50?
What is the LD50 for a supertoxin?
What does an epidemiological study do?
What are the four factors that can limit the usefulness of epidemiological studies?
What can be found the waterways, and groundwater?
Name two items found in a typical home that contain phthalates.
Of the 100,000 registered synthetic chemicals, 10% or (______________) have been screened and only 2%
(_________) have been tested.
18. What is the precautionary principle?
19. What are POPs and what do they cause?
17-5 How Do We Perceive Risks and How Can We Avoid the Worst of Them?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
The greatest cause of death other than poverty and gender is __________________________________.
The most preventable cause of death among adults is _______________________________.
WHO estimates that tobacco could kill up to _________________________ people this century?
Poverty-malnutrition- and disease kill 11 million people each year. That number in scientific notation is
_____________________.
If I were a male and was born in poverty, smoked, overweight (35%), and unmarried; how many years could
be cut off from my life?
By 2030 _____________________________deaths per day could be prevented if smoking was reduced.
What is passive smoking?
What are two health hazards of passive smoking?
What is the second leading cause of death in the US?
What percentage of the number in question 9 are auto accidents?
What would a tax on cigarettes help pay for?
In 2009, the US Food and Drug Administration classified _______________________ as a drug.
How many cigarettes were produced in 2009? How many people in China smoke?
What is a potential problem is more complex technology?
What is one way to make a system more foolproof?
What are the five factors that can cause a person to see technology/product more or less risky?
What are the four guidelines for help in evaluating risk?
Answer Data Analysis Question 1A ____________.
Answer Date Analysis Question 1B____________.