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LEMPOSA
The 7 major factors that affect
climate…
But first, 2 terms to understand…
 ROTATION/Day:
It takes the earth 24 hours (1 day) to
.
make one complete rotation on it’s AXIS.
 REVOLUTION/Year: It takes the earth 365 ¼ days (1
year) to make one complete revolution around the SUN.
7 major factors that affect climate…
L
E
M
P
O
S
A
LATITUDE
High Latitudes:
 N.of the Arctic circle & also
 S. of the Antarctic circle
 They have ONE Season - Cold (ex: Antarctica)
LATITUDE
Mid Latitudes:
 Between T. of Cancer & Arctic Circle
 Also between T. of Capricorn & Antarctic circle.
 4 Seasons – Winter, Spring, Summer, Fall
(ex:USA)
LATITUDE
Low Latitudes:
•Between T. of Cancer & T. of Capricorn
•Tropical, near the equator.
•2 seasons - Wet & Dry (ex: Mexico, much of Africa)
L – Latitude:
 Areas closer to the poles
(arctic/antarctic) receive less direct
sunlight than areas closer to the equator
(Tropics)
ELEVATION
 The higher you go, the colder it gets.
 As you go up in elevation, the air gets thinner
and does not trap heat.
 Are there glaciers on the equator?? In Africa??
E – Elevation
 Air become less dense at higher elevations
and cannot retain as much heat or
moisture.
 The temperature decreases 3.5 degrees for
every 1000 ft. above sea level.
MOUNTAIN BARRIERS & the
Orographic Effect
 As winds blow across the ocean, they push moisture inland.
 When the moisture cloud reaches the mountains it gets
“popped” by the mountain top and rains on the coastal side (ex:
California & the Sierra Nevada Mtns.)
 By the time this cloud reaches the other side of the mountains,
the air is dry.
Seattle Washington
vs
Spokane Washington
MOUNTAIN BARRIERS & the
Orographic Effect
M –Mountain Barriers
 As air masses cross over mountain
ranges they lose their water vapor
through condensation.
 Rain Shadows form on the leeward side
of mountain ranges.
PROXIMITY TO WATER
 Why is there so little difference between summer and winter along the
coast of California?
It takes the ocean a long time to heat & cool!
Wind blowing off of the water moderates
the coastal areas.
 What is the difference between summer
& winter in Kansas?
BIG difference in seasons in Kansas…why?
Land heats & cools quickly!!
 So… The closer an area is to a large body of water, the smaller the
difference in temperature, the farther away from water, the
greater.
P – Proximity to Large
Bodies of Water
 Large bodies of water are slower to heat and
cool than the air on land and this lessens
extremes of hot or cold temperature.
 Cool winds in summer, warm winds in winter.
OCEAN CURRENTS
 The UK & Europe are on the same line of latitude as Canada.
 Do they experience the same climate?
 A warm current called the North Atlantic Drift flows up from the
equator and blows across the water and keeps Europe warmer
than it should be at that latitude
What about the Atacama Desert in Chile? Located on the coast, but one of the
driest places on earth…
O – Ocean currents
 Warm currents circulate from the
equator, cold currents from the poles.
Storms
Do not necessarily affect climate, but they do occur regularly in
certain parts of the world & are associated with certain climates.
S – Storms
 Temporary and severe changes in
weather.
 Changes follow a typical pattern in a
climate region.
ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE
 When the weather person
refers to a high pressure
system, usually it means
that the pressure is higher
than the surrounding area,
and it signifies a pattern of
fair weather.
 A low pressure system
means that the pressure is
lower than the surrounding
area, and it signifies a
pattern of wet weather (rain,
snow, fog).
A – Atmospheric Pressure
 High Pressure leads to fair weather
 Low Pressure leads to wet weather
That’s all YO!!!!!!