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Grade 2 Social Studies Notes Mrs. Carnavos 1. landform- one of the different shapes of land on earth 2. hill- land that is higher than the land around it, but lower than a mountain 3. peninsula- Land that has water on all sides but one. One of the sides of a peninsula is joined to a larger body of land 4. lake- body of water with land all around it 5. plain- very flat land 6. mountain- highest kind of land 7. valley- low land between hills or mountain 8. island- land with water all around it 9. river- single stream of water that flows into an ocean or lake 10. plateau- land that is higher than the land around it but flat on top 11. landform map- is a special map that uses colors to show the different kinds of land 12. bar graph- a graph that uses bars to show and compare information 13. Geography- the study of Earth and the people, plants, and animals that live on earth 14. continent- A very large body of land. The seven continents are: 1. Asia 5. Europe 2. Africa 6. Australia 3. North America 7. Antarctica 4. South America 15. country- A land and the people who live there. Our country is the United States of America. It is on the continent of North America. Canada is to the north and Mexico is south. 16. Ocean- a very large body of salt water. The names of the oceans are: 1. Atlantic 2. Pacific 3. Indian 4. Arctic 17. capital- A city where leaders work. The capital of the United States is Washington, DC. 18. state- one part of our country. There are 50 states in the United States of America 19. location--the place where something is 20. absolute location--tells the exact location of a place (your address) relative location—tells what a place is near 21. compass rose--The symbol on a map that shows cardinal directions: north, east, south, and west. 23. equator--an imaginary line that divides Earth into the northern and southern halves. Regions near the equator are very hot. 24. pole--point on earth farthest from the equator (North, South Poles) 25. hemisphere--half of the Earth . 26. climate--the kind of weather a place has over a long time. 27. seasons--a part of the year that has certain kind of weather 28. region--an area of land with the same features ( example: mountain region, desert region, tropical region.)