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B.9AD Biomolecules
Picture Vocabulary
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biomolecule
Molecules containing the substances
that are necessary for performing life
processes
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carbohydrate
A biomolecule, containing hydrogen,
carbon, and oxygen in a 1:2:1 ratio,
that is used as a primary energy source
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lipid
A biomolecule composed of
glycerol and fatty acids that is
hydrophobic
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protein
A biomolecule composed of amino
acids connected by peptide bonds
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peptide bond
The type of covalent bond
that forms between amino acids
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polymer
A large molecule formed by the
bonding of smaller molecular units
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organic
A chemical compound containing
the element carbon and relating to
living organisms
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inorganic
A chemical compound not
containing the element carbon and
unrelated to living organisms
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monomer
Glucose is a monomer.
A small molecular unit that can be
chemically combined with other small
molecular units to form a larger molecule
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nucleic acid
A biomolecule composed of
nucleotides that carries the genetic
information of an organism
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nucleotide
The monomer of nucleic acids;
composed of phosphate, sugar, and
nitrogenous bases
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Oparin-Haldane hypothesis
The hypothesis in which the condition of Earth’s early
atmosphere containing ammonia and water led to the
formation of amino acids and eventually the
development of life
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enzyme
Proteins that can change the rates
of specific reactions
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RNA World hypothesis
If RNA can be shown to reproduce itself completely, then
it is possible that RNA was the first molecule that stored
information and catalyzed its own replication until DNA
and proteins later filled those roles
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hydrolysis
The chemical process in which water
molecules are added to break the
bonds of a polymer
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fatty acids
The building blocks of fats
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Iron-Sulfur World hypothesis
A theory that states that life may have
formed on the surface of iron sulfide
minerals
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saccharide
Glucose is also a monosaccharide.
Compounds consisting of carbon, hydrogen,
and oxygen; the hydrogen to oxygen ratio is
2:1
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amino acid
Molecule that contains an amine group, a carboxylic
acid group, and a side chain specific to each amino acid
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