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SCIENCE A – Z “Portable” Word Wall UNIT: CELLS A–B C–D Aerobic….reaction that requires Oxygen. Anaerobic…without air C-D Cell wall….outer protective boundary of plant cells. Cell…basic building blocks of life Chloroplast…organelle that traps sunlight in plants K-L Lysosome…organelle that breaks down materials in the cell. Cell membrane…allows certain materials in and out. Q–R Respiration…process by which energy is released. Ribosome….makes proteins for the cell. S-T Stomata…tiny pores in the leaves. Tissue…groups of similar cells. NAME: CLASS E–F G-H Energy….ability to do work. Fermentation: release of energy without using air M-N Golgi Body…..packages materials inside the cells O-P Nucleus…..directs the activity of the cell. Organelles; specialized cell parts Mitochondria…provides energy for the cell Photosynthesis….process by which plants make food using sunlight. U-V-W Vacuole…storage area of the cell. X–Y-Z Xylem….special cells in plants that transport water and minerals. SCIENCE A – Z “Portable” Word Wall UNIT: HUMAN BODY SYSTEM A–B C–D Antigen…special proteins on cell membrane that detects foreign bodies. Circulatory System: transports materials Digestive system: breaks down food NAME: CLASS E–F Endocrine: regulates the body’s functions by releasing Hormones Excretory; removes waste Blood Type: A, B, O, AB Diffusion: process by which gases are transferred from high to low concentrations Q–R Respiration…process by which energy is released. Respiratory system: exchanges gases. Hormones: special chemicals that control the body’s activities. Homeostasis: maintenance of a constant internal environment Antibodies: produced in response to invaders. C-D G-H K-L Kidneys….major organ for removing urine Lungs: respiratory organ for gases. S-T Tissue…groups of similar cells. Skeletal: protects, moves the body. Excretory M-N O-P Muscular…..helps move the body when muscles contract and relax Phloem: special plant cells that transport food Nervous Sys: control system Plasma: liquid portion of blood U-V-W Ureter: tube that carries urine from Kidneys to bladder. Urethra: tube from bladder to genitals X–Y-Z Xylem….special cells in plants that transport water and minerals. SCIENCE A – Z “Portable” Word Wall UNIT: GENETICS A–B A-B Alleles: types or versions of a gene. Budding: a type of asexual reproduction. Asexual reproduction; a single organism produces offspring that are genetically identical to it Base pairs: A with T and G with C C-D E DNA: substance that carries the code for heredity. Enzyme: a substance that speeds up reactions in the body. Dominant; a trait that is always expressed. Egg cell: female gamete or sex cell. NAME: CLASS C-D Chromosome: a thread like structure that contains DNA Centromere: point at which the strands of chromosome are joined Chromatin C-D Cloning: asexual reproduction: making a copy of an organism. Chromatin: material that makes the chromosome. E F-G cloning Embryo: organisms at any time before full birth. Evolution: changes in a species over time. Fertilization; joining of male and female gametes. Gametes: sex cells Gene: the unit of genetic information that has a code for a particular trait. G Genotype: the genetic makeup of an organism. Genetic engineering: alteration of the genetic material to get rid of undesirable traits. H M M Homozygous: same allele HH or hh Heterozygous: different allele. Hh Mitosis: cell division that produces 2 cells with same number of chromosomes as parent cells. Heredity: passing on f traits Watson and Crick Meiosis: cell division that produces sex cells with half chromosome number found in body cells. Mutation: a permanent change in organism’s DNA. SCIENCE A – Z “Portable” Word Wall UNIT: GENETICS P P NAME: CLASS R Punnett square: model used to predict the genes in offspring. Pedigree chart: shows relationships between generations and inheritance. Replication: makes copies Phenotype: physical traits Pollen: male gamete in flowers. when dominant allele absent. S Sexual Reproduction: the offspring inherit half of their genetic material for each parent. Sperm : male sex cell SCIENTISTS Gregor Mendel James Watson Francis Crick T Recessive: allele only expressed R mRN: messenger RNA carries coded message from nucleus to the ribosome. tRNA: transfer RNA carries amino acids to ribosome U-V Z Trait: Characteristic Unicellular: one celled Seed: reproductive embryo for a young plant with stored food and a protective coat. SCIENTISTS/PROJECTS Variation: an inherited trait that makes one individual different from another Zygote: a fertilized egg with a complete number or set of chromosomes. sex linked traits Inherited Diseases Barbara McClintock Color blindness Rosalind Franklin Huntington’s Hemophilia Human Genome project Tay- Sach’s Sickle cell anemia SCIENCE A – Z “Portable” Word Wall UNIT: ATOMS and PERIODIC TABLE A C–D Atom…..building blocks of matter Atomic mass: Number that shows how many protons and Neutrons Atomic number: # of protons Conductivity: ability to transfer heat or electricity. Chemical change: forms new substances E–F Elements ….a pure substance that cannot be separated into simpler substances. Electrons…negatively charged particles NAME: CLASS G-H Halogen: group 17 elements Group: vertical column of elements cannot conduct electricity insulators; Immiscible: cannot be mixed or form solution C-D Compounds; 2 or more elements chemically combined Ductile…can be drawn to form wires Density: mass/ volume N-P Nuclear energy: energy released from atomic reactions. Physical property: characteristic that can be observed or measured K-L P Matter; has mass and volume Metalloid: properties of metal/ non metal Mass number: protons + neutrons Malleable: hammered into shapes Metal: properties are: malleable, ductile, good conductors, luster S-T Solubility: ability to dissolve in another substance Periodic Table: chart showing properties of elements Period; horizontal (across) rows of elements Protons: positively charged particles Physical change: no new substances are formed/reversible Ph scale N Soluble: able to be dissolved Nucleus; center of the atom Solvent: substance that dissolves another e.g. water Noble gas: group 18 elements Solute: substance being dissolved e.g. Sugar Neutrons: neutral particles Non –metal: gases, not shiny, poor conductors. Mixtures metal SCIENCE A – Z “Portable” Word Wall UNIT: WEATHER and CLIMATE A–B C–D Aerobic….reaction that requires Oxygen. Cell…basic building blocks of life Anaerobic…without air Chloroplast…organelle that traps sunlight in plants C-D Cell wall….outer protective boundary of plant cells. K-L Lysosome…organelle that breaks down materials in the cell. Cell membrane…allows certain materials in and out. Q–R Respiration…process by which energy is released. Ribosome….makes proteins for the cell. S-T Stomata…tiny pores in the leaves. Tissue…groups of similar cells. NAME: CLASS E–F G-H Energy….ability to do work. Fermentation: release of energy without using air M-N Golgi Body…..packages materials inside the cells O-P Nucleus…..directs the activity of the cell. Organelles; specialized cell parts Mitochondria…provides energy for the cell Photosynthesis….process by which plants make food using sunlight. U-V-W Vacuole…storage area of the cell. X–Y-Z Xylem….special cells in plants that transport water and minerals.