Download Capitulo 8

Nombre
Clase
Fecha
Demonstrative adjectives and
comparisons
CAPÍTULO
8
In English Demonstrative adjectives point out people and things. They
must agree in number with the nouns they refer to. We use this and these for
things that are nearby, and that and those for things that are further away.
SINGULAR
PLURAL
this I like this shirt.
these Do you like these shirts?
that I need that book.
those He wants those notebooks.
The following formulas are used to make comparisons with adjectives:
adjective + -er than
She is taller than me.
more + adjective + than
He is more intelligent than Gunther.
less + adjective + than
Roberta is less careful than Monica.
as + adjective + as
That tree is as tall as our house.
The adjective + -er than formula is generally used when the adjective is only one
syllable long. (quicker than, lighter than, stronger than).
A
Circle the demonstrative adjective and indicate whether it is singular or plural.
Also underline the phrase that expresses the comparison.
Plural
Singular
1. This movie is longer than Ben-Hur.
✓
2. That shirt is more expensive than mine.
3. Those men are as rich as the Vanderbilts.
4. That kid is smarter than Einstein!
5. My backpack is as heavy as those dumbells.
6. This dress is less stylish than that skirt.
7. You’re as crazy as that March hare.
In Spanish Demonstrative adjectives also point out people and things.
They must agree in number and gender with the nouns they describe. We use forms
of este for things that are nearby, and forms of ese for things that are further away.
SINGULAR
PLURAL
este/esta
this
estos/estas these
ese/esa
that
esos/esas
those
¿Te gustan estos zapatos, o prefieres esas sandalias?
Use these expressions to compare things with adjectives. The adjective agrees in
gender and number with the first noun in the comparison.
más + adjective + que
Ella es más lista que yo.
menos + adjective + que
Pedro es menos fuerte que Sansón.
tan + adjective + como
Esas chicas son tan altas como tú.
Holt Spanish 1
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
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Nombre
Clase
Fecha
CAPÍTULO
8
DEMONSTRATIVE ADJECTIVES AND COMPARISONS
B
Circle the demonstrative adjective and indicate whether it is singular (S) or plural
(P), masculine (M) or feminine (F). Underline the phrase expressing comparison.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
C
S, F
Esa blusa es más pequeña que mi camisa.
Estos calcetines son tan largos como esos calcetines.
Mi vestido es menos bonito que ese vestido azul.
Tu chaqueta de cuero es más cara que esa chaqueta.
Esos pantalones cortos son más feos que tus pantalones cortos.
Ese sombrero está menos pasado de moda que otros.
Esta falda de algodón es menos corta que una minifalda.
Make sentences with these words and using all of the different comparison
formulas. Be sure that the demonstrative adjectives agree with the nouns.
1. Este / profesora joven / estricto / ese/ profesor mayor
Esta profesora joven es más estricta que ese profesor mayor.
______________________________________________________________
2. Ese / profesores / serio / este / estudiantes
______________________________________________________________
3. Este / clase / divertido / ese / fiesta
______________________________________________________________
4. Este / camisa blanca / bonito / ese / camisa de rayas
______________________________________________________________
5. Ese / aretes / barato / este / collar
______________________________________________________________
6. Este / diccionario / interesante / ese / novela
______________________________________________________________
7. Ese / calcetines de seda / caro / este / bufanda de lana
______________________________________________________________
D
1. Explain the difference in meaning between the following sentences:
Este zapato es de cuero. __________________________________________
Ese zapato es de cuero.
__________________________________________
2. Do you have trouble telling the demonstratives apart? This saying might help:
This and these have Ts;
this
esTe
that and those don’t.
that
ese
Holt Spanish 1
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
these
those
esTos
esos
Grammar Tutor
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Nombre
Clase
Fecha
CAPÍTULO
8
Preterite tense
In English The simple past tense expresses an action that already took place. For
regular verbs in English, the past tense is formed by adding –ed to the verb.
I
walked
we
walked
you
walked
you
walked
he, she, it
walked
they
walked
The past tense conjugation is the same for all persons . Some verbs, like to go,
are irregular in the past tense (went).
Martha played soccer yesterday. We went to the game but only watched.
A
Underline the verb in each sentence. Then indicate whether the verb is in the
present or past tense.
Present
Past
1. Marion worked at the ice cream stand.
✓
2. Edwin talked to Susana all afternoon.
3. You play racquetball with Arnulfo?
4. Marianne cleans her room every day.
5. They planted lots of pretty flowers.
6. I finished the book on Monday.
7. Gabriel lived in Cienfuegos for ten years.
8. My uncle fought in the war.
In Spanish The preterite tense, like the simple past tense in English, is used
to talk about what happened or what someone did at a specific point in the past. To
form the preterite of –ar verbs, attach these endings to the verb stem:
yo canté
nosotros(as) cantamos
tú cantaste
vosotros(as) cantasteis
usted, él, ella cantó
ustedes, ellos, ellas cantaron
The nosotros form of –ar verbs looks the same as in the present. The context
will help you decide whether it is present or past. Some verbs, like ir, are irregular. Stem-changing –ar verbs show no changes in the preterite.
yo fui
nosotros(as) fuimos
tú fuiste
vosotros(as) fuisteis
usted, él, ella fue
ustedes, ellos, ellas fueron
Tú me llamaste, y yo hablé contigo ayer.
Ellos fueron al centro comercial y encontraron un abrigo barato.
Holt Spanish 1
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Grammar Tutor
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Nombre
Clase
Fecha
CAPÍTULO
8
PRETERITE TENSE
B
Underline the verb in each sentence. Then indicate whether the verb is in the
present or preterite tense.
Present
Past
✓
1. Ignacio habló mucho en la clase.
2. Petra y su hermanito bailaron en la fiesta.
3. Yo lavo la ropa todos los días.
4. Te quedan muy bien esas sandalias.
5. Anteayer miré las vitrinas por la calle.
6. Esa chaqueta cuesta mucho dinero.
7. Tú gastaste cien dólares en ese anillo.
8. Nosotros cantamos muy bien ayer.
C
Pablo asks Leticia about several activities, and she tells him that they were done
yesterday. Fill in Leticia’s answers.
Pablo
Leticia
Pablo
Leticia
Pablo
Leticia
Pablo
Leticia
Pablo
Leticia
D
¿Tú paseas por el parque hoy?
No, paseé por el parque ayer.
________________________________________________________
¿María cierra la tienda hoy?
________________________________________________________
¿Tus hermanos gastan mucho dinero en el cine hoy?
________________________________________________________
¿Yo llevo un suéter negro ahora?
________________________________________________________
¿Tú tomas un batido ahora mismo?
________________________________________________________
1. The accent marks in canté and cantó tell you which syllable to stress. Why is
this important? What if cantó had no accent mark?
2. Now write one sentence using preparó and another with preparo. Make
sure the person and the tense matches each form.
Holt Spanish 1
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Grammar Tutor
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