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Atoms, Elements, and the Periodic Table Spring Packet Due Date: March 24th Name________________ Student Signature____________________ Parent Signature_____________________ Date__________ Atoms, Elements and the Periodic Table Indicate whether the statement is true or false. If false, change the identified word or phrase to make the statement true. ____ 1. The compound represented by the formula CH4 consists of two nonmetals. _________________________ ____ 2. Elements on the far right of the periodic table are classified as nonmetals. _________________________ ____ 3. For an atom to be neutral, the number of protons must equal the number of neutrons. _________________________ ____ 4. An element can be identified by the number of protons in its nucleus. _________________________ Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. ____ 5. In the modern periodic table, elements are arranged according to increasing ____. a. atomic number c. date of discovery b. atomic mass d. electrical conductivity 3 6. Figure 1 shows a Bohr model of an atom. Which of the following describes how you should change the model to show a neutral atom of boron? a. add one proton and one c. subtract one electron electron and one neutron b. add one proton and one d. subtract one neutron neutron and one proton Figure 1 7. Part of the periodic table is shaded in Figure 2. Which of the following is the general name for these elements? a. actinides b. halogens c. rare earths d. noble gases Figure 2 Using a periodic table, place each of the following elements in one of the following categories. a. metal c. semimetal b. nonmetal d. noble gas ____ 8. B, boron, 5 ____ 9. W, tungsten, 74 ____ 10. Rh, rhodium, 45 ____ 11. Ne, neon, 10 Complete each statement. 12. Chlorine-35 and chlorine-37 have a different number of ____________________. 13. The likely location of the negatively charged particles in an atom is called a(n) ____________________. 14. Elements on the left side of the periodic table are classified as ____________________. 15. Two atoms that have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons are called ____________________. Periodic Table Basics Step 1: Complete the square for each element by filling in the atomic number, name, & atomic mass. Step 2: Determine the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in an atom of each element. Step 3: Identify if the element is a solid, liquid, or gas at room temperature. Step 4: Give the melting (M.P.) and boiling points (B.P.) in degrees Celsius. ____ B _______ P=___ N=___ E=___ ______ S O L OG O M.P. = _____ B.P. = _____ Properties Uses Step 5: List at least three physical or chemical properties for each element. Bohr Diagram Lewis Structure Step 6: List at least three uses for each element. B Step 7: Draw a Bohr diagram and Lewis Structure to show the arrangement of electrons and the number of valence electrons. Step 8: Use the following colors to shade in the square for each element. You should ONLY color the small square in the upper left-hand corner and not the entire card. Green = Li & Na Orange = B & Al Pink = O & S Red = C & Si Blue = Be & Mg Tan = N & P Purple = F & Cl Yellow = He, Ne, & Ar Step 9: Cut the cards apart and arrange according to atomic number in the pattern shown. Once you have the cards arranged in the correct order, glue them to a large sheet of construction paper. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Done? Answer the questions on the worksheet using the information on your Periodic Table! Need information? Visit the Periodic Table links on the Chemistry page of the Kid Zone! Go to http://sciencespot.net/ and click the Kid Zone graphic! T. Trimpe 2002 ____ B _______ ______ P=___ N=___ E=___ S O L OG ____ O M.P. = _____ B.P. = _____ H _______ ______ P=___ N=___ E=___ S O L OG ____ O M.P. = _____ B.P. = _____ O _______ ______ P=___ N=___ E=___ S O L OG O M.P. = _____ B.P. = _____ Properties Properties Properties Uses Uses Uses Bohr Diagram Lewis Structure Bohr Diagram Lewis Structure Bohr Diagram Lewis Structure B ____ P _______ ______ P=___ N=___ E=___ H S O L OG ____ O M.P. = _____ B.P. = _____ C _______ ______ P=___ N=___ E=___ O S O L OG ____ O M.P. = _____ B.P. = _____ Mg _______ ______ P=___ N=___ E=___ S O L OG O M.P. = _____ B.P. = _____ Properties Properties Properties Uses Uses Uses Bohr Diagram Lewis Structure Bohr Diagram Lewis Structure Bohr Diagram Lewis Structure P ____ F _______ ______ P=___ N=___ E=___ C S O L OG ____ O M.P. = _____ B.P. = _____ Ar _______ ______ P=___ N=___ E=___ Mg S O L OG ____ O M.P. = _____ B.P. = _____ He _______ ______ P=___ N=___ E=___ S O L OG O M.P. = _____ B.P. = _____ Properties Properties Properties Uses Uses Uses Bohr Diagram Lewis Structure Bohr Diagram Lewis Structure Bohr Diagram Lewis Structure F Ar He ____ Al _______ ______ P=___ N=___ E=___ S O L OG ____ O M.P. = _____ B.P. = _____ N _______ ______ P=___ N=___ E=___ S O L OG ____ O M.P. = _____ B.P. = _____ S _______ ______ P=___ N=___ E=___ S L OG O O M.P. = _____ B.P. = _____ Properties Properties Properties Uses Uses Uses Bohr Diagram Lewis Structure Bohr Diagram Lewis Structure Bohr Diagram Lewis Structure Al ____ Li _______ ______ P=___ N=___ E=___ N S O L OG ____ O M.P. = _____ B.P. = _____ Si _______ ______ P=___ N=___ E=___ S S O L OG ____ O M.P. = _____ B.P. = _____ Be _______ ______ P=___ N=___ E=___ S O L OG O M.P. = _____ B.P. = _____ Properties Properties Properties Uses Uses Uses Bohr Diagram Lewis Structure Bohr Diagram Lewis Structure Bohr Diagram Lewis Structure Li ____ Na _______ ______ P=___ N=___ E=___ Si S O L OG ____ O M.P. = _____ B.P. = _____ Ne _______ ______ P=___ N=___ E=___ Be S O L OG ____ O M.P. = _____ B.P. = _____ Cl _______ ______ P=___ N=___ E=___ S L OG O O M.P. = _____ B.P. = _____ Properties Properties Properties Uses Uses Uses Bohr Diagram Lewis Structure Bohr Diagram Lewis Structure Bohr Diagram Lewis Structure Na Ne Cl Periodic Table Basics Name ____________________ Use your periodic table to answer each question. 1. How many elements in your table were: (a) solids? _____ (b) liquids? _____ (c) gases? _____ 2. Which elements had complete outer shells? Give the name and symbol for each. ________________ _____ ________________ _____ ________________ _____ 3. What do you notice about the location of the elements in Question #2? 4. Which elements had only one valence electron? Give the name and symbol for each. ________________ _____ ________________ _____ ________________ _____ 5. What do you notice about the location of the elements in Question #4? 6. What do you notice about the number of valence electrons as you move from left to right across a period (or row) in the periodic table? (Example: Na Ar) 7. What do you notice about the number of valence electrons as you move down a group or column in the periodic table? (Example: H Li Na) 8. What do you notice about the number of energy levels or shells as you move down a group or column in the periodic table? (Example: H Li Na) 9. What do you notice about the melting points as you move from left to right across a period (or row) in the periodic table? (Example: Li Ne) 10. What do you notice about the boiling points as you move from left to right across a period (or row) in the periodic table? (Example: Li Ne) T. Trimpe 2002 11. Each column or group in the periodic table is called a family. Elements are organized into families according to their physical and chemical properties. Identify the elements that belong to each family based on the number of valence electrons. Give the name and symbol for each element. HINT: You will only use the elements you colored in Step 8! Alkali Metals - 1 valence electron _______________ _____ _______________ _____ Alkaline Earth Metals - 2 valence electrons _______________ _____ Boron Family - 3 valence electrons _______________ _____ Carbon Family - 4 valence electrons _______________ _____ _______________ _____ _______________ _____ _______________ _____ Nitrogen Family - 5 valence electrons _______________ _____ _______________ _____ Oxygen Family - 6 valence electrons _______________ _____ _______________ _____ Halides - 7 valence electrons _______________ _____ _______________ _____ Noble Gases - Complete outermost shell _______________ _____ _______________ _____ _______________ _____ 12. What do you notice about the location of the elements in each family? 13. How would you classify hydrogen? Give at least one reason. 14. Do any of the elements have similar properties? If yes, list the names of the elements and the properties they have in common. 15. Do any of the elements have similar uses? If yes, list the names of the elements and the uses they have in common. Challenge: Predict the number of valence electrons for each element based on its location in the Periodic Table of Elements. You will need to use the periodic table in your textbook. Barium = _____ Lead = _____ Xenon = _____ Potassium = _____ Instructions: Pick four elements from the previous Periodic Table Basics Exercise and list them below. Complete the activity cards filling in the required information. Fill in the square with the information from the periodic table. Determine the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons. Research your element to find out who discovered or named your element and include the year of discovery. Provide at least 3 uses for your element. On a separate sheet of paper create one or more pictures for each element that illustrate the uses of your element. My elements are: 1. 2. 3. 4. A list of periodic table sites has been provided on the Chemistry Links page of the Kid Zone! Go to http://sciencespot.net/ and click Kid Zone! P = _____ N = _____ E = _____ P = _____ N = _____ E = _____ Discovered in __________ by Discovered in __________ by __________________________ __________________________ Important Uses: Important Uses: P = _____ N = _____ E = _____ P = _____ N = _____ E = _____ Discovered in __________ by Discovered in __________ by __________________________ __________________________ Important Uses: Important Uses: Element Baby Book In this project you will adopt an element from the periodic table. The element that you choose must have an atomic number from 1 – 18. As a proud parent of your element you will create a baby book to remember each stage of your element’s life. Sources of Information: Websites to help you in your search (I will provide these.) The periodic table in your book will give you some information. Encyclopedias Requirements: (Check each one as you complete it.) _____Cover page – 3 points Name of element and your name Decorative cover _____35 points! This should be written in paragraph form. Name of element (Give your element a first name) Nickname of element (Symbol) Birth date (date element was discovered) Birth weight (atomic mass) Birth height (atomic number) Race (type of element) Attending physician (Discoverer) Gender (state of matter at room temperature) Place of birth (country of discovery) Personality (emotions: boiling point and melting point) _____5 points Pronunciation guide like in the dictionary (chemistry = kim-is-tree) _____15 points Create and fill out a birth certificate and have your parents sign it _ _____ 10 points Picture of element showing # of protons # of neutrons # of electrons Atomic number _____ 5 p oints Poem about element _____ 15 points Draw picture of all family members Family Name (family or group) Address (period + discoverer’s last name + drive, lane, circle, court, road, or way) Brothers and Sisters (Names of family members) _____10 points Career of element (what your element will become when grows up) Picture of career Complete ALL requirements! Be creative! Be neat! Use color! Punctuation, capitalization, spelling, and grammar must be accurate! Do your Created by Lisa Curry - 2003 Element Baby Book Research: 1. Name of element:________________________________________ 2. Element symbol:__________________________________________ 3. Atomic number:__________________________________________ 4. Atomic mass:____________________________________________ 5. # of protons:____________________________________________ 6. # of electrons:__________________________________________ 7. # of neutrons:___________________________________________ 8. Date of discovery:________________________________________ 9. Discoverer:______________________________________________ 10. Country of Discovery:____________________________________ 11. Boiling Point:___________________________________________ 12. Melting Point:__________________________________________ 13. State of matter:_______________________________________ 14. Family name:___________________________________________ 15. Names of family members:________________________________ 16. Period (Address):_______________________________________ 17. Uses for element (career):________________________________ 18. Type of element:_______________________________________ WEBSITES: http://pearl1.lanl.gov/periodic/default.htm http://www.mii.org/periodic/MIIperiodicChart.html http://www.bayerus.com/msms/fun/pages/periodic/index.html http://education.jlab.org/itselemental/index.html Created by Lisa Curry - 2003 Adopt An Element Name ____________________________________ Fact Sheet Element ___________________________ Symbol Atomic Number Atomic Mass ______________ ______________ ______________ # of Protons # of Neutrons # of Electrons ______________ ______________ ______________ Melting Point Boiling Point Normal Phase oC ______________ oC ______________ ______________ Cost = __________ for __________ Classification: ❍ Nonmetal ❍ Metal ❍ Metalloid My element belongs to the ___________________________ family. Origin of Name ____________________________________________________________________ Discovered by __________________________________________________________ in ________ Interesting Info: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. May include important uses, interesting facts, common compounds, etc. The Periodic Table Follow the directions below to complete the periodic table: 1. Label each group and period with the appropriate numbers. 2. Fill in the elements for Groups 1, 2, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, and 18 and provide the names for each family, for example alkaline earth, noble gases, etc (see pg 513-514, 522 – 525 in your textbook) . List the number of valence electrons for each group. 4. Color code the table showing the metals, nonmetals, and metalloids. 5. At the bottom of the table list the properties of metals and nonmetals. **Be sure to include a key/legend. Periodic Table Puzzle Name ____________________ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 CLUES: Down: 1. I have 26 protons. 3. I am not really an alkali metal, but since I have only 1 electron I behave like them. 4. I am a metal with 28 electrons. 7. I am a member of the boron family and am the most abundant metal in the Earth’s crust. 8. I am a gas with 8 protons and 8 neutrons. 10. I am a member of the carbon family often mistaken for the end of your pencil. 12. I am a metal that is liquid at room temperature. 14. My atomic number is 47 and I am used to make photographic film. 15. I have 20 neutrons and am found in your teeth and bones. 16. I am a member of the nitrogen family with 16 neutrons. 18. I am a gas with a mass number of 19. 19. I am the first element in the fourth period used in making fertilizer. 22. You can find me in the carbon family in the fifth period. 25 Across: 2. My atomic mass is 35.453. 5. I have 2 electrons in the first shell, 8 in the second shell, and 6 in the third shell. 6. I am the head of the carbon family known as the “basis of life”. 9. My atomic number is 79. 11. I am a transition metal with 25 electrons. 13. I make up 78% of the air and am found in the 15th group. 14. I am a silvery white metal used to make salt. 17. I am a member of the alkaline earth metals used to make fireworks and medicines. 20. I am a noble gas with 2 electrons. 21. I am the 2nd most abundant element in the Earth’s crust and have 14 neutrons. 23. I am a member of the halide family with an atomic number of 53. 24. I am a transition metal with 30 electrons useful in making paint. 25. I am the only element in the halide family that is a liquid.