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GEC: Mathematics & Science
Module for Remediation
Level 1: Unobservable
Figure 1. Figure 1 represents the blood glucose level of a person that has Type 2 Diabetes
before and after eating a meal. At 0 hours, this person got hungry and began to eat.
Figure 2. Figure 2 provides an illustration of the tissue in the digestive system of the person
in Figure 1 after he or she has eaten a meal.
Practice Questions:
(The Answer Key is found below the questions at the end of this document.)
1) The upper left-hand corner of Figure 2 shows an influx of glucose into the bloodstream.
When glucose enters the bloodstream, the slope of the blue line in Figure 1, representing
the blood glucose level, increases. How can we tell there is an influx of glucose at 0
hours?
a) There is a sharp increase in the slope of the blue line.
b) Cells began to shrivel due to lack of glucose in bloodstream.
2) In viewing Figure 2, how can we tell if glucose is present in the bloodstream?
a) There are little round spheres called glucose in the bloodstream.
b) Cell junctions are present.
3) In Figure 1, the blood glucose level of this person at 0 hours shows the extremely low
value of 3.5 mmol/L. This typically means a person is hungry. Why is this value so low?
a) The person does not have enough glucose in the bloodstream, making him or her
hungry.
b) The person does not have enough glucose in the bloodstream, making him or her full.
4) The body has a diverse set of mechanisms, such as hunger, to trigger you to perform a
particular act when it is needed. What mechanism is triggered when such a low amount of
glucose is present within the blood?
a) The gastro-digestive mechanism lead to an increased concentration of enzymes in the
stomach.
b) The hunger mechanism leads to eating.
5) Many health-related issues are driven by a directly related hormonal issue. Insulin is a
hormone. What is insulin-resistance?
a) An underlying hormonal issue
b) A metabolic issue
6) A Type 2-diabetic person is “insulin resistant” due to his or her insulin hormone not
sufficiently binding to cells that need glucose for fuel. Many health-related issues are
driven by a directly related hormonal issue. What would be the most accurate statement
regarding the link between insulin-resistance and a Type 2-diabetic person?
a) Type 2-diabetic people have consistently high blood glucose levels driven by an
underlying hormonal issue.
b) Type 2-diabetic people have high blood pressure driven by an underlying high blood
glucose level issue.
7) In Figure 1, the blood glucose level dips lower at 4 hours compared to 2 hours. The dip
occurs because glucose sugar leaves the bloodstream and tries to go into cells that need it
for fuel, as shown in Figure 2. Why is there a dip in the level?
a) Too little of glucose sugar in the bloodstream
b) Too much insulin in the bloodstream
8) When these levels are low, that means that there is less glucose inside the bloodstream,
and it has gone somewhere nearby in the body, many times to supply nutrients to cells. In
a Type 2 diabetic person, this process does not happen properly. Looking at Figure 2,
what process do you think tried to happen when the blood glucose levels dipped at 4
hours?
a) The cell nuclei are big, so they needed extra glucose.
b) Glucose tried to move into the cells that need it for fuel.
9) Panel B shows the cell having limited glucose for fuel. Cells need glucose to survive.
When glucose is not present for cells to consume, there is a lack of nutrients. What would
be the most appropriate conclusion to which one may arrive for a cell lacking this fuel?
a) Cell nuclei will make up the lack of glucose entering into the cell.
b) These cells will not thrive due to the lack of nutrients.
10) Figure 1 shows an increase in blood glucose level at 6 hours. Remember, when glucose is
in the bloodstream, these levels will become higher. With respect to Figure 2, what would
be the appropriate explanation for this increase?
a) Glucose is retuning back into the bloodstream.
b) Insulin is disrupting glucose feedback.
11) What does Figure 1 show at 8 hours?
a) There is no change compared to 6 hours.
b) This person becomes hungry again.
12) Type 2-diabetic people are characterized by having a consistently high level of glucose in
their blood, even long after they have eaten. What would be the most appropriate
conclusion you would arrive at for this person at 8 hours compared to 0 hours?
a) Although this person became hungry and ate, he or she has a persistently high blood
glucose level after 8 hours.
b) This person ate too much, leading to a persistently high blood glucose level.
13) Eight hours after this person ate a meal, his or her blood glucose level is 5.75 mmol/L.
You can convert this decimal to a rational number by first turning it into a mixed number
like 5 3/4. You will then have to multiply the denominator in your mixed number times
the whole number in your mixed number, and then finally add the value of the numerator.
What would be the resulting rational number from this decimal?
a) 23/4
b) 15/4
14) At 4 and 8 hours after this person ate a meal, his or her blood glucose levels were 5.25
and 5.75 mmol/L respectively. Remember, a mixed number contains a whole number part
and a fraction part. Also, you will need to be sure to add the fraction parts of these two
mixed numbers to help find the resulting mixed number. What would be the resulting
mixed number after adding the two values?
a) 10 5/6
b) 10 4/4
15) At 2 hours after this person ate a meal, his or her blood glucose level was 6 mmol/L.
What would be his or her new level if this value was raised to the power of 3?
Remember, when calculating the power of a number, you must keep the multiplied
answer each time you attempt another multiplication.
a) 216 mmol/L
b) 18 mmol/L
16) The slope of a line between two points can be calculated by using the equation (y2 – y1/
x2 – x1). This equation can be fairly easy to solve when you are given the values at each
point. You can easily replace each part of this equation with numbers. At 4 hours, the
given point is x1 = 4 and y1 = 5.25, but at 6 hours, the given point is x2 = 6 and y2 = 5.75.
Plug in your numbers first to arrive at a simple number in the numerator (top part of the
equation) and then do the same to simplify your number in the denominator (bottom part
of the equation). What is the slope of the curve between 4 hours and 6 hours in decimal
form?
a) 0.75
b) 0.25
Answer Key
1. A - There is a sharp increase in the blood glucose level at 0 hours. This is indicated by the blue
line pointing upward. The slope of a line is a powerful indicator as to what may happen next on a
graph.
2. A - The upper left portion of Figure 2 shows an illustration of little round spheres labeled
glucose inside a large pink tube representing a blood vessel.
3. A - The question does state that when the value of the blood glucose level is low it means the
person is hungry.
4. B - Earlier questions state that this person does have a low amount of glucose in his or her
bloodstream, leading to a person typically being hungry.
5. A - The question states that insulin is a hormone; therefore, it is possible that insulin-resistance
is an underlying hormonal issue.
6. A - We know from previous questions that insulin-resistance is an underlying hormonal issue.
We learn from this question that, somehow, glucose is involved.
7. A - The question states that the dip occurs because glucose sugar leaves the bloodstream, so
there is a lack of it in the bloodstream.
8. B - We know from previous questions that the dip occurs because glucose sugar leaves the
bloodstream. The information presented in this question informs us that it is highly likely that
glucose has gone to nearby cells to supply nutrients.
9. B - The question does indicate that cells need glucose to survive.
10. A - Figure 2 shows that glucose re-enters the bloodstream and, therefore, increases the blood
glucose level at 6 hours.
11. A - There is not an increase at 8 hours compared to 6 hours.
12. A - You understand this material! Overall this person’s blood glucose level remains
consistently high after eating.
13. A – The decimal 0.75 can be expressed as 3/4 in decimal form, so 5.75 can be expressed as
the mixed number 5 and 3/4 (written as 5 3/4). From 5 ¾, we can multiply 5 by the denominator
4, and then add the amount of the numerator, which is 3 in this case.
14. B – The decimals 5.25 and 5.75 can be expressed as 5 1/4 and 5 3/4 in decimal form
respectively. When adding mixed numbers, you can add the whole number portion first, i.e. 5 + 5
= 10, and then do the same thing with the decimal portion, i.e. 1/4 + 3/4 = 4/4. By the way, if the
question asked for the answer in whole number form then the answer would have been 11.
15. A – We know from the power rule that you must multiply the value by the resulting
multiplication three times, such as 6 x 6 = 36, then multiply that number a third time by 6 to get
the result 216. Of course, we must make sure we put the units behind our answer.
16. B - Looks like you’ve got the hang of this. We know from the equation that y2 – y1 is 5.75 5.25, which equals 0.50 or 1/2. We also know that x2 - x1 is 6 - 4, which equals 2. Therefore, we
have (1/2) / 2 and, using the reciprocal of the denominator, this can be simplified to (1/2) x (1/2).
Finally, we get 1/4 leading to 0.25. This one took some work, but you got it.